The present master’s thesis deals with the appropriate measuring methods to determine the technical state of the machine tool for production of pressure tanks of Common Rail injection system. The main topic of this thesis is also a constructional adjustment of problem clamping components whose function affects the quality of the pressure tank.

3C產業的特性就是因應消費者流行趨勢，以極度的產業分工與整合，進行快速的技術與工法創新，以及少量多樣的生產方式。在長期間能夠獲致高績效的競爭優勢，企業必須學會如何破壞現狀、創造暫時的優勢、掌握先機與維持動能。運用規模經濟、經驗曲線及範疇經濟的策略邏輯，以及成本至上、差異化及集中化的總體性策略建立競爭優勢，形成超優勢競爭的態勢。 『鉗鍊經濟』是由最上游廠商與最下游廠商之進行聯盟，並結合中間供應商的配合，形成供應鍊的黃金通道，共同開發突破性的創新技術。藉以進行各附屬供應鍊之價值分工與創新重組，建立創新供應鍊產業生態，以達到擴大差異化，快速開發，提高利潤，建立專屬陷入的競爭優勢。 筆記本電腦使用的貼膜鋁板，是由家電產業所常見之貼膜鋼板，開發出新的黏膠，克服脫膠的缺點，以先貼皮後衝壓的方式進行生產。由於皮膜花樣與色彩的設計，可以賦予多彩多樣的外觀變化，貼膜鋁板的目標市場為同時具有多彩圖騰外觀、輕薄機種與高貴質感(金屬)之市場。貼膜鋁板之競爭技術為鎂合金壓鑄品與模內裝飾成形技術，定價部份採用的是市場滲透定價策略。 貼膜鋁板之供應鍊為原材料供應商(鋁板供應商、皮膜供應商與黏膠供應商)，以及5階供應商(貼膜廠、整合者、沖壓廠、組裝廠與品牌商)。利用價值鏈來解析貼膜鋁板的創新供應鍊中，各階供應商的競合態勢，個別分析其顧客、供應商、競爭者與互補者；同時也著手分析各階供應商的專屬陷入與因應對策。貼膜鋁板提供者經由第三者(代理商)進行交易，消除使用者的專屬陷入疑慮；中上游的供應商於開發過程創造相互陷入，增強信任度及優勢競爭。 / The characteristic of 3C industry is based on consumer's fashion trend with the extreme industry work division and integration, to fast innovate on technology and method, and to produce with a small amount and various mode. In order to obtain high performance long-term competition advantage, enterprises must learn how to destroy the current situation, to create the temporary advantage, to master the first chance and to maintain the kinetic energy. To create the advantage competition by using the strategic logic of economies of scale; experience curve and economies of scope, and the generic strategy of overall cost leadership, differentiation and focus, can form the Hypercompetition situation. "Clamping Economics" is initialized by the association of upper stream and downstream manufacturers, cooperated with the middle supplier to form the golden channel, and developing the breakthrough innovative technology. To use the value division and innovative reorganization of each branch supply chain can create the innovative supply chain ecology, in order to reach the competitive advantage of difference extension, fast development, raising profits, set up the holdup asset specificity. The Laminated Aluminum sheets (called LA below)on the notebook computers are produced by lamination – stamping process based on laminated steel on the home electrical device with the improved glue for the peeling issue. Due to patterning and colorful film design can give the various colorfully and patterning appearance, the target markets of LA are the appearances of colorful totem, thin and light, noble feel (metal). The competitive technologies of LA are the magnesium alloy die casting product and the insert molding decoration, and the LA pricing will follow the penetration pricing strategy. The supply chain of LA in including the raw materials supplier (aluminum sheet supplier, film supplier and glue supplier) and 5 levels of suppliers (lamination factory, co-operator, stamping factory, assembly factory and Brand Company). Using the value chain to analyze the co-opetition between the suppliers in the LA innovative supply chain, can identify the customer, supplier, competitor and the complementary role individually, and gives the solutions to each suppliers’ holdup asset specificity. LA provider eliminated the concerns of holdup asset specificity from users by trading the other person (agent). The upper and middle suppliers create two-way holdup to strength the trust and competitive advantage.

<p> </p><p>The interaction between light and organometallic chromophores has been investigated theoretically in a strive for fast optical filters. The main emphasis is on two-photon absorption and excited state absorption as illustrated in the Jablonski diagram. We stress the need for relativistic calculations and have developed methods to address this issue. Furthermore, we present how quantum chemical calculations can be combined with Maxwell's equations in order to simulate propagation of laser pulses through a materials doped with chromophores with high two-photon absorption cross sections. Finally, we also discuss how fast agile filters using spin-transition materials can be modeled in order to accomplish theoretical material design.</p> / Report code: LIU-TEK-LIC-2006:55. On the day of the defence date the status on article III was Manuscript, article IV was Accepted and article V was Submitted.

The aim of this thesis was to study maternal and infant effects of delayed cord clamping (≥180 seconds, DCC) compared to early (≤10 seconds, ECC) in a randomised controlled trial. Practice and guidelines regarding when to clamp the cord vary globally, and different meta-analyses have shown contradictory conclusions on benefits and disadvantages of DCC and ECC. The study population consisted of 382 term infants born after normal pregnancies and randomised to DCC or ECC after birth. The primary objective was iron stores and iron deficiency at 4 months of age, but the thesis was designed to investigate a wide range of suggested effects associated with cord clamping. Paper I showed that DCC was associated with improved iron stores at 4 months (45% higher ferritin) and that the incidence of iron deficiency was reduced from 5.7% to 0.6%. Neonatal anaemia at 2-3 days was less frequent in the DCC group, 1.2% vs. 6.3%. There were no differences between the groups in respiratory symptoms, polycythaemia, or hyperbilirubinaemia. In paper II we demonstrated that DCC versus ECC was not associated with higher risk for maternal post partum haemorrhage and rendered a comparable ratio of valid umbilical artery blood gas samples. In paper III, the Ages and Stages Questionnaire was used to assess neurodevelopment at 4 months. The total scores did not differ, but the DCC group had a higher score in the problem-solving domain and a lower score in the personal-social domain. Immunoglobulin G level was 0.7 g/L higher in the DCC group at 2–3 days, but did not differ at 4 months. Symptoms of infection up to 4 months were comparable between groups. Finally, in paper IV, iron stores and neurodevelopment were similar between groups at 12 months. Gender specific outcome on neurodevelopment at 12 months was discovered, implying positive effects from DCC on boys and negative on girls. We conclude that delaying umbilical cord clamping for 180 seconds is safe and associated with a significantly reduced risk for iron deficiency at 4 months, which may have neurodevelopmental effects at a later age.

No description available.

The interaction between light and organometallic chromophores has been investigated theoretically in a strive for fast optical filters. The main emphasis is on two-photon absorption and excited state absorption as illustrated in the Jablonski diagram. We stress the need for relativistic calculations and have developed methods to address this issue. Furthermore, we present how quantum chemical calculations can be combined with Maxwell's equations in order to simulate propagation of laser pulses through a materials doped with chromophores with high two-photon absorption cross sections. Finally, we also discuss how fast agile filters using spin-transition materials can be modeled in order to accomplish theoretical material design. / <p>Report code: LIU-TEK-LIC-2006:55. On the day of the defence date the status on article III was Manuscript, article IV was Accepted and article V was Submitted.</p>

Experiments were conducted to investigate the shear behaviour of large deep beams subjected to uniform load. Six tests were performed on specimens with identical cross sections and reinforcing, but under different loading configurations. Variables included: span, degree of cracking prior to loading, proximity to a disturbed region near a reaction, and type of flexural stress on the loaded face. The findings indicate a specific set of variables resulting in unconservative predictions made using a strut-and-tie model for simply-supported beams subjected to uniform load, confirming and validating recent results by other researchers. A fanning strut model is proposed and is shown to provide more conservative results. The emerging trend of high capacity in continuous uniformly-loaded specimens is supported by the experimental results, as is the high capacity of specimens uniformly-loaded on their flexural tension face. Further, the high strength of specimens with suboptimal crack orientations supports recent experimental work.

Experiments were conducted to investigate the shear behaviour of large deep beams subjected to uniform load. Six tests were performed on specimens with identical cross sections and reinforcing, but under different loading configurations. Variables included: span, degree of cracking prior to loading, proximity to a disturbed region near a reaction, and type of flexural stress on the loaded face. The findings indicate a specific set of variables resulting in unconservative predictions made using a strut-and-tie model for simply-supported beams subjected to uniform load, confirming and validating recent results by other researchers. A fanning strut model is proposed and is shown to provide more conservative results. The emerging trend of high capacity in continuous uniformly-loaded specimens is supported by the experimental results, as is the high capacity of specimens uniformly-loaded on their flexural tension face. Further, the high strength of specimens with suboptimal crack orientations supports recent experimental work.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:35:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1403023 bytes, checksum: a018f8a9517a70e3f44eed507700561d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / By performing single molecule stretching experiments with optical tweezers, we have stu- died the DNA interaction with the ligand Hoechst(33258). The mechanical properties of the complexes as a function of ligand concentration were directly determined from these measure- ments by fitting the force versus extension curve to the WormLike Chain model of semiflexible polymers. In addition, the physico-chemical parameters of the interaction were extracted from the persistence length data by using a previously developed two-sites quenched disorder sta- tistical model, allowing the determination of the binding isotherm. This model has allowed us to decouple the two different binding modes present in this system. In particular, it was found that the binding isotherm consists of two Hill-type processes, one non-cooperative and the other strongly cooperative. Finally, DNA condensation due to the interaction with the ligand was also verified and characterized here by analyzing the apparent contour length of the complexes. / Neste trabalho, fizemos experimentos de estiramentos em moléculas únicas com pinça ótica e estudamos a interação do DNA com o ligante Hoechst(33258). As propriedades mecânicas dos complexos formados como uma função da concentracao do ligante, foram diretamente determinadas a partir destas medidas, por ajuste das curvas de forca por extensão pelo modelo da cadeia vermiforme (WLC), de polímeros semiflexíveis. Além disso, os parâmetros físico-químicos da interação foram extraídos dos dados do comprimento de persistência usando um modelo estatístico de desordem de dois sítios previamente desenvolvido, permitindo a obtenção da isoterma de ligação. A aplicação do modelo nos permitiu decompor os dois modos de ligação presentes neste sistema. Em particular, encontramos que a isoterma de ligação consiste de dois processos tipo Hill, um não cooperativo e o outro fortemente cooperativo. Finalmente a condensação do DNA devido a interação com o ligante foi também verificada e caracterizada aqui por análise do comprimento de contorno aparente do complexo.

Resumo: A Bioengenharia está cada vez mais presente em todo o mundo. Ela estuda problemas que tenham dificuldades em análise experimental em laboratório. Este trabalho determina a força exercida por um grampo cirúrgico quando o mesmo é aplicado em determinada região Arterial a fim de ocluir o fluxo sanguíneo. Esta força foi medida utilizado uma simulação computacional. Duas áreas foram consideradas: uma representando a parede Arterial e a outra, representando o sangue. Esta simulação realizou-se em regime de acoplamento entre os dois domínios utilizando interação fluido-estrutura. A modelagem foi feita considerando dois domínios distintos: estrutura e fluido. O fluido é considerado incompressível e Newtoniano e é governado pelas equações de Navier-Stokes. As paredes da estrutura são modeladas a partir da Lei de Hooke. A solução numérica calcula: os campos de pressão e velocidade do fluido, campo de deslocamento da estrutura e a força aplicada pelo grampo para que ocorra a obstrução do fluxo sanguíneo naquele local / Abstract: The Bioengineering is increasingly present in the fields of scientific research throughout the world. It studies problems that have difficulty in experimental analysis in the laboratory. This work measures the force exerted by a surgical clip when it is applied in a given region Arterial to occlude blood flow. This force was measured using a computational simulation. It was modeled two cylinders, one representing the arterial wall and the other in this first, representing the blood. This simulation was carried out under the coupling between the two domains using fluid-structure interaction. Modeling was done in three-dimensions, considering two distinct areas: one as structure and other as fluid. The fluid was considered incompressible and Newtonian. It is governed by the Navier-Stokes equations. The walls of the structure were modeled from the Hooke's Law. The numerical solution calculate: pressure fields, and fluid velocity, displacement field of the structure and the force applied by the clip for the occurrence of obstruction of blood flow there / Orientador: Aparecido Carlos Gonçalves / Coorientador: Marcio Antonio Bazani / Banca: Gilberto Pechoto de Melo / Banca: Edson Antonio Capello Sousa / Mestre