The supergene mineralogy and geochemistry of numerous deposits in the Cobar region have been systematically explored in this study, with a particular focus on the oxidised zones of the Endeavour, Mineral Hill and New Cobar orebodies. A recurring pattern was identified in the oxidised mineral assemblages of the region, characterised by a multiple-stage paragenesis. Comprehensive geochemical modelling based on equilibrium processes was undertaken to elucidate the geochemical conditions under which the various assemblages formed. The exercise was extended in a series of experiments concerning the interaction of ground and vadose waters with secondary mineral species. This has led to a self-consistent geochemical exploration model for deposits in the Cobar basin. The model promises to be very useful for exploration in highly weathered terrains, particularly where the deposits lack significant surface expression. A similar approach may be relevant to exploration in other areas around Australia and world-wide. / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons aux propriétés homotopiques des algèbres sur une opérade, desopérades elles-mêmes et des opérades colorées, dans le monde des complexes de chaînes. Nousintroduisons une nouvelle adjonction bar-cobar entre les opérades unitaires et les coopéradesconilpotentes courbées. Ceci nous permet de munir ces dernières d'une structure de modèles induite parla structure projective des opérades le long de cette adjonction, qui devient alors une équivalence deQuillen. Ce résultat permet de passer, sans perte d'information homotopique, dans le monde descoopérades qui est plus puissant : on peut y décrire, par exemple, les objets fibrants-cofibrants en termesd'opérades à homotopie près. Nous appliquons ensuite la même stratégie aux algèbres sur une opérade.Pour cela, on munit la catégorie des cogèbres sur la coopérade duale de Koszul d'une structure demodèles induite par celle de la catégorie des algèbres d'origine le long de leur adjonction bar-cobar, quidevient une équivalence de Quillen. Cela nous permet de décrire explicitement pour la première fois despropriétés homotopique des algèbres sur une opérade non nécessairement augmentée. Dans unedernière partie, nous introduisons la notion d'opérade colorée à homotopie près que nous arrivons àcomparer aux infinies-opérades de Moerdijk--Weiss au moyen d'un foncteur : le nerf dendroidal. Nousmontrons qu'il étend des constructions dues à Lurie et à Faonte et nous étudions ses propriétéshomotopiques. En particulier, sa restriction aux opérades colorées est un foncteur de Quillen à droite.Tout ceci permet de relier explicitement deux mondes des opérades supérieures / This thesis deals with the homotopical properties of algebras over an operad, of operads themselves andof colored operads, in the framework of chain complexes. We introduce a new bar-cobar adjunctionbetween unital operads and curved conilpotent cooperads. This allows us to endow the latter with aDépôt de thèseDonnées complémentairesmodel structure induced by the projective model structure on operads along this adjunction, which thenbecomes a Quillen-equivalence. This result allows us to study the homotopy theory of operads in theworld of cooperads which is more powerful: for instance, fibrant-cofibrant objects can be described interms of operads up to homotopy. We then apply the same strategy to algebras over an operad. Morespecifically, we endow the category of coalgebras over the Koszul dual cooperad with a model structureinduced by that of the category of algebras along their bar-cobar adjunction, which becomes a Quillenequivalence.This allows us to describe explicitly for the first time some homotopy properties of algebrasover a not necessarily augmented operad. In the last part, we introduce the notion of homotopy coloredoperad that we compare to Moerdijk--Weiss' infinity-operads by means of a functor: the dendroidalnerve. We show that it extends existing constructions due to Lurie and Faonte and we study itshomotopical properties. In particular, we show that its restriction to colored operads is a right Quillenfunctor. All this allows us to connect explicitly two different worlds of higher operads

Construction of a 1:250,000 scale regolith-landform map of the Cobar area of central New South Wales (NSW) Australia, demonstrates the presence of a wide range of previously undescribed regolith materials, landforms and landscape features in the region. The map covers the east-west extent of the Cobar Basin, extends to the west onto the Darling River Floodplain, and east onto rocks of the Girilambone Group. The mapping area is centred on the Cobar township and covers -14,730 krn2 between 303113 and 446113 E and 6483184 and 6586183 N (AGO 66, MGA Zone 55). 48 regolithlandform units have been identified, including both transported (alluvial, colluvial, aeolian, lacustrine) and in situ materials. A range of siliceous, ferruginous and calcareous indurated materials are also present. Four major drainage types have been identified based on lithological, sedimentological and topographic differences in alluvial materials. The 4 drainage types include: 1) modern drainage; 2) maghemite and quartzose gravels elevated 1-2 m relative to the modern drainage; 3) higher topographically inverted, and at least partly silicified, gravels; and, 4) sediments of Cretaceous origin. Multiple phases of drainage stability and instability from the Cretaceous to the present are indicated within the sediments. Breaching of drainage divides and increased dissection of the modern drainage, especially to the south of Cobar, indicate possible tectonic movement across a major regolith-landform boundary in the southern map area. Colluvial materials are more widespread to the north of Cobar reflecting the increased landscape dissection to the south. Colluvial fans are preserved adjacent to major rangefronts. Aeolian and lacustrine materials include longitudinal dunefields of the Darling River floodplain, source bordering dunes, and small lunettes associated with the Barnato Lakes system. Regolith-landform mapping at Cobar has been used to assess the applicability of previously developed landscape evolution models of the Cobar Block and surrounding region, and to develop a new landscape evolution model for the region. The new landscape evolution model of Cobar indicates minimal deposition of Cretaceous sediments, succeeded by high-energy early Tertiary fluvial regimes across the Cobar landscape. Weathering and sediment deposition continued into the Miocene, coupled with deep valley incision on the Cobar Block associated with early Oligocene regression. By the close of the Miocene, the Cobar Block had eroded to predominantly bedrock terrain and widespread filling of previously incised valleys occurred. A decrease in erosion and fluvial activity led to the formation of the modern drainage during the Pliocene-early Quaternary, followed by the formation of alluvial, aeolian and lacustrine deposits in the later Quaternary. Regionally, Eromanga Basin sediments were not extensive over the Cobar Block, and low rates of erosion are recorded at Cobar from the Cretaceous to the present. Former northerly drainage did exist in this area in the Cretaceous, but was limited in distribution. By at least the Early Tertiary the Cobar area was a structural high and drainage systems of the region had assumed their current configuration. These findings do not support interpretations of AFTT data of significant cover and subsequent stripping over the Cobar Block in the Early Tertiary. Evidence of landscape evolution from the Cretaceous to the present suggests that the Cobar landscape has been responding to changes in the primary landscape forming factors of lithology, climate and to a lesser degree, tectonics. Variations in the these three primary landscape forming factors have contributed to ongoing weathering, relatively continuous deposition, and periods of relative stability and instability, particularly in response to climatic and baselevel fluctuations, within a dynamically evolving landscape throughout the entire Tertiary. Former landscape evolution models of peneplanation and pediplanation, based on correlation of palaeosurfaces including duricrusts, a deep weathering profile developed during extended planation in the Early Tertiary, and tectonism during the late Tertiary in the Cobar area, are not supported by evidence preserved in regolith-landform features at Cobar.

Dans une première partie, on établit des résultats structuraux sur la construction cobar, visant à obtenir un relèvement homotopique explicite d'une structure de BV-algèbre sur la double construction cobar. Ces résultats interviennent à différentes itérations de la construction cobar. En conclusion, nous obtenons par descente de structures, un critère à l'obtention d'une structure de BV-algèbre homotopique (à la Gerstenhaber-Voronov) sur la double construction cobar Ω²C d'une G-cogèbre homotopique C, ceci en terme de co-opérations structurelles de C. Dans une seconde partie, nous appliquons le critère précédent sur la G-cogèbre homotopique C(X), où C(X) est le complexe de chaînes simpliciales sur un ensemble simplicial X. La structure de G-cogèbre homotopique considérée sur C(X) est telle que la double construction cobar Ω²C(X) est un modèle pour les lacets doubles Ω²|X|. Nous donnons ensuite des résultats de comparaisons entre la structure d'algèbre de Batalin-Vilkovisky obtenue sur la double construction cobar Ω²C(X) lorsque X est une double suspension et celle sur l'homologie H(Ω²|X|) induite par l'action diagonale du cercle sur Ω²|X|. Pour finir, lorsque l'anneau des coefficients est Q, nous déformons la structure de dg-algèbre de Hopf sur la construction cobar de Baues ΩC(X) en une structure de dg-algèbre de Hopf involutive (∇, S). On obtient alors une structure de BV-algèbre homotopique sur la double construction cobar Ω(ΩC(X), ∇, S) pour tout ensemble simplicial X.

On construit et étudie la généralisation des algèbres double Poisson décalées à toute catégorie monoïdale symétrique additive. On s’intéresse notamment aux algèbres double Poisson linéaires et quadratiques. Dans un second temps, on étudie la koszulité des propérades DLie et DPois = As ⮽c DLie qui encodent respectivement les algèbres double Lie et les algèbres doubles Poisson. On associe à chacune de ces propérades, un S-module muni d’une structure de monoïde pour un nouveau produit monoïdal dit de composition connexe : on appelle de tels monoïdes protopérades. On montre notamment l’existence, pour toutS-module, d’une protopérade libre associée et l’on explicite la combinatoire sous-jacente en terme de briques et de murs. On définit une adjonction bar-cobar, une dualité de Koszul et une notion de base PBW pour les protopérades. On présente également une tentative de théorème PBW à la Hoffbeck pour les protopérades, de laquelle on déduit la koszulité de la diopérade associée à la propérade DLie. / We construct and study the generalization of shifted double Poisson algebras to all additive symmetric monoidal categories. We are especially interested in linear and quadratic double Poisson algebras. We then study the koszulity of the properads DLie and DPois = As ⮽c DLie which encode double Lie algebras and double Poisson algebras respectively. We associate to each, a S-module with a monoidal structure for a new monoïdal product call the connected composition product : we call such monoids protoperads. We show, for any S-module, the existence of the associated free protoperad and we make explicit the underlying combinatorics. We define a bar-cobar adjunction, the notion of Koszul duality and PBW bases for protoperads. We present an attempt of prove a PBW theorem à la Hoffbeck for protoperads, and prove the koszulity of the dioperad associated to the properad DLie.