Extant research on technology adoption provides limited insights into the extent of technology penetration into an organization's work routines, especially in collaborative efforts across supply chains. Further research is required to delve into the broader scope of permanent technology-based solutions that effectively tackle specific issues within the supply chain. This dissertation examines blockchain through three essays to fill these research gaps and contributes to blockchain-based supply chain collaboration and performance literature. Essay 1 examines supply chain behavioral drivers of blockchain assimilation by grounding the hypotheses on social network theory. Findings indicate that supply chain learning, collaboration, and network prominence will affect blockchain assimilation through a cross-sectional survey of supply chain professionals familiar with blockchain. It provides psychometrically validated scales for blockchain assimilation and network prominence, adding to the blockchain literature. Essay 2 builds on institutional theory to argue that peripheral organizations in the blockchain-based network will succumb to institutional pressures and that blockchain principles will require them to play crucial roles in supply chain collaboration efforts to gain legitimacy. By adopting a multi-method approach of a vignette-based experiment and a survey, the findings help supply chain collaboration practitioners manage institutional pressures across emerging blockchain-based systems, particularly for organizations in the early stages of blockchain implementation. Furthermore, the second essay focuses on the structural positions within a blockchain-based business-to-business network. It proposes a novel scale based on network theory to assess the organizational blockchain network periphery. Essay 3 argues that supply chain organizations that adopt blockchain as a set of ordinary capabilities and develop the dynamic capability of integrated supply chain flow will benefit from blockchain potential in managing its archetypal supply chain pain points. Grounding hypotheses in supply chain practice view and dynamic capability theories, the findings indicate that blockchain capabilities partially mediate supply chain pain management through supply chain flow integration based on a cross-sectional survey of supply chain managers familiar with blockchain. Essay three has two crucial practitioner implications. First, the newly developed and validated scales can help develop standardized and comprehensive blockchain performance metrics that cover technical capabilities and supply chain practices for empowered supply chain performance. Second, the one-on-one mapping of blockchain capabilities with supply chain pain points can help blockchain developers provide customer-centric supply chain solutions.

Organizational Kinship is introduced and developed as a multilevel construct defined by a bundle of exchange conditions and social mechanisms within multi-organizational collaborative networks, and predictive of resilience in those same groupings. The dissertation follows extant multi-level construct development practices to propose the measurement of organizational kinship as composed of this cluster of first-order constructs that span inter-organizational and trans-organizational levels of analysis. This dissertation argues that the resilience or fragility exhibited within an interfirm alliance is an outcome of the collaborative exchange that occurs among member firms, specifically as a function of the exchange conditions perceived by alliance members and the social mechanisms present within the collaborative network. To support this claim, this dissertation considers the resilience of certain collaborative structures, such as family business groups and social cooperatives, which possess collaborative resilience and structural longevity far greater than what is seen in the general alliance literature. This dissertation terms such collaborations, socioeconomic collectives which are defined as interfirm alliances that engage in persistent collaboration in pursuit of both social and economic goals for the sustainability of the alliance structure and collective benefit of its organizational members. A battery of empirical tests were conducted to determine both the structure and effects of organizational kinship in these groupings. Findings suggest that indeed when a multi-level perspective is taken organizational kinship is composed of multiple predictors across levels of analysis, particularly trust, legitimacy, and shared knowledge at the inter-organizational level and network cohesion at the trans-organizational level. Finally, results from a series of multi-level structural equation models were supportive of the hypotheses that when organizational kinship is modeled at as a multi-level construct its predictive capabilities far exceed those of its component indicators at any individual level of analysis. These results, their limitations, and the implications of this dissertation’s findings on the literature of interfirm collaboration and collaborative resilience are discussed.

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