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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, 1914. / Cover title. "From Journal of biological chemistry, vol. XVII, no. 4, May, 1914." "From the Rudolph Spreckels physiological laboratory of the University of California."

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The Venus Series is an attempt to recreate the power, mystery and primal beauty of the pre-historic Venus Figurines. I created my own Venus Figurines out of handmade paper incorporating history, contemporary culture and autobiography. I then photographed these sculptures with the wet-plate collodion process in order to re-create the beauty and drama of the original Venus Figurines.

In my work, I have chosen to pursue the antiquated, experimental, and alternative processes of photography. A digital image, a web page, an e-book all point to the current pace of a society concerned with the beauty it can access in a moment of instant gratification. It often has no regard for a process that requires personal discipline to capture a moment, a place, or an idea. I find little enjoyment in the immediate, when I can instead experience what happens when the combination of chemicals, glass, wood, and the environment turn a potential photograph into an inimitable encounter. It is through the older and more involved processes that I have been able to express my love of the moments and the places often unnoticed by the passer-by. It is in these moments when I feel the pace of the world slow, and I can think, pray, and work in a stillness unmatched by modern technology.

This dissertation recasts the history of nudity in art as a history of ecology. Art historians have long emphasized that depictions of the nude body make visible social relationships structured by gender, race, and class. I contend that ecological relationships—among human beings, fellow living things, and their environments—lie latent in these same artworks. My argument unfolds in the context of the nineteenth-century United States, a place of profound and lasting change that transformed how the human body was understood and represented. Taking seriously the historical euphemism “the garb of nature,” I look anew at nudity across artistic media. Three chronological chapters expand outward in scale and engage with different aspects of the natural world: I examine an ivory miniature of a white woman’s bare breasts, a wet-collodion negative of unclothed Civil War soldiers bathing outdoors, and an enormous sculptural weathervane on the New York City skyline. In each case, I grapple with the contexts in which these artworks emerged, encompassing enslavement, war, colonialism, hunting, pollution, and industrialization—all practices premised upon social and ecological hierarchy. Yet my analysis reveals that these artworks attest not to hierarchy but to the vital interdependence of people and the natural world. Together, these case studies chart a new approach to nudity in art, attuned to both the social and ecological stakes of representation.

Contribution à l'histoire culturelle de la France contemporaine, la thèse examine le projet de conquête de l'instantané photographique, entre 1841 (date de la première formulation d'un programme d'iconographie rapide) et 1895 (date de l'invention du Cinématographe Lumière). Proposant l'hypothèse d'un paradigme de l'instantané, comme un motif ayant fortement contribué à structurer l'imaginaire des photographes du XIXe siècle, cette étude établit une révision substantielle de la chronologie des technologies photographiques, sur la base d'un corpus en grande partie inédit. Elle permet de distinguer, par des critères clairs, deux genres proprement dits, jusqu'à présent confondus et mal caractérisés : la photographie rapide (1841-1882), et la photographie instantanée (à partir de 1882). Elle met notamment en lumière l'apport de Daguerre dans la naissance du projet photographique, l'importance de la formation de schémas interprétatifs pour l'appréhension des images, le rôle du développement dans la réduction du temps de pose, ou encore l'influence des modèles issus de l'iconographie scientifique sur la production des amateurs, qui annonce le photo-reportage. La thèse remet enfin en perspective l'invention de l'instantané dans le "roman de l'accélération" constitutif de l'imaginaire du progrès au XIXe siècle.

This essay is about the photographer Lotten von Düben and her photographing of the Samí people in a research expedition to Lapland in 1868 in which she took part as the expedition photographer. This expedition is taking place in the mountainous area of Kvikkjokk [Huhttán in Lule-samí]. Lotten von Düben´s husband Gustaf von Düben is a Medical doctor, Anthropologist and Professor at the Karolinska Institutet and is the head of the research expedition. Lottens´s role in the expedition is to document for her husband who has taken on his ageing colleague Anders Retzius work of cataloguing his well-recognized collection of Lapp-skulls, and in addition conducts his own research of what he refers to as “the people as such”.  The essay is also about my own personal heritage as a Samí descendent where I in particular analyze Lotten von Düben´s photographs taken of my far distant relatives, representatives of the family Granström. The aim of my research is to explore the expedition and the scenery of Lotten von Düben´s photographing, which I refer to as “Photographing in the Safari of Lapland”. Through picture analysis and based on a post-human, new materialist feminist approach, I deconstruct the very moment of photographing and image development with the aim to develop new narratives, stories which are previously not told. The picture analysis includes also photographs relating to Lotten and her photographs in the  post-safari phase, emphasizing the photography´s and the public. With an intersectional approach I also deconstruct Lotten von Düben as female photographer and the context relating to this. The essay is about imagining the activity of thinking differently and wandering and get off the beaten track. It is about skilled hands and esthetics, technical innovations, modern science and social political movements; a melting pot of phenomena’s which cannot be taken apart, but binds each other sequence through sequence. The essay is about a camera and sensitive meetings, about binary social relations, power structures and unquestioned science, about otherness and self and moving in between. / <p>It is very interesting and appealing that the focus is put on the female photographer Lotten von Duben and the role of the camera in the knowledge production. Furthermore, the student’s urge to go beyond the known narratives and to try to think and write differently is highly appreciated and relevant. Interesting, appealing and important thesis that contributes to the field of knowledge of Gender Studies. It is also a creative thesis in terms of the chosen methods that promote different narratives that may add to new ways of thinking.</p>