<p>Este trabajo estudia el proceso de invención del espacio en el México colonial durante el siglo XVI y XVII, entendiendo la invención del espacio como la inserción de una conceptualización del entorno ajena a la experiencia de las comunidades indígenas nahuas. Primero se define la idea particular de cosmos, territorio y tierra manejada por los nahuas previo a la llegada española entendida como tlacauhtli, y su conformación mediante los principios de cahuitl (tiempo), ollin (movimiento), nepantla (equilibrio), y tonalli (fuerza) por medio del análisis de documentos prehispánicos y coloniales concernientes a la cosmología nahua. Luego, utilizando la propuesta de Aníbal Quijano sobre la implementación de la matriz colonial de poder en América, se analizan los aspectos de esta matriz en su relación con los procesos de dominación del territorio, motor de la creación del espacio en el México colonial, mediante los procesos de estructuración de los pueblos indígenas coloniales, la economía y el trabajo de la tierra, la deshumanización del espacio mexicano y la cartografía novohispana. Finalmente, se desarrolla la idea de subsistencia de los principios fundamentales del tlacauhtli a pesar de la implementación del concepto de espacio y de la dominación del territorio mexicano por parte de la corona española. En cada ámbito de la matriz, se develan resistencias de la antigua percepción del entorno nahua frente a los cambios impulsados por el proceso colonial.</p> / Dissertation

Orientador: Murilo Gaspardo / Resumo: Este trabalho objetiva investigar como a “colonialidade do poder” do mercado de classificação de risco de crédito limita a soberania brasileira, e a existência ou não de alternativas institucionais que possam contribuir para o enfrentamento desta questão. Para tanto, estuda de que modo as Três Grandes contaram com o domínio econômico e político dos Estados Unidos para se consolidarem no domínio do mercado, e como seus saberes impactam o preço dos ativos no mercado financeiro, configurando suas “autoridades epistêmicas”. Posteriormente, examina de que maneira seus saberes apresentam semelhanças prejudiciais ao Brasil e a outros países subdesenvolvidos em, pelo menos, dois campos: teto e rating soberanos. Dessa forma, analisa como há um enredamento entre domínio econômico-político e epistêmico, característicos da “matriz colonial de poder”, que limita ainda mais a soberania do Brasil e de outros países subdesenvolvidos, além de prejudicar seus “fins” de Estado. Diante desse quadro, pesquisa alternativas institucionais disponíveis ao país para lidar com esse assunto e com outros problemas da ordem econômica atual. / Abstract: This paper aims to investigate how the credit rating market’s “coloniality of power” limits the brazilian sovereignty, and the existence or not of institutional alternatives that might contribute to face this issue. In order to achieve this, it studies how the Big Three counted on the United States’ economic and political domination to consolidate their market’s domination, and how their knowledges impact assets prices on financial market, settling their “epistemic authorities”. Afterwards, it examines how their knowledges present harmful similiarities to Brazil and other developing countries on, at least, two fieds: sovereign ceiling and rating. Thus, it analyzes how there is an entanglement between economic-political and epistemic domination, typical from “colonial matrix of power”, that limits even more the sovereignty of Brazil and other underdeveloped countries, aside from prejudicing its State’s “ends”. Before this framework, it searches for available institutional alternatives for Brazil to cope with this issue and other problems of the current economic order. / Mestre

Early in the 21st Century, the European Union began to grow in influence in the South-Eastern European region. Thus, a discourse of transition defined by the proclaimed shift of the country from the Dayton Peace Agreement, which ended the war in 1995, to Euro-Atlantic integration, began to intensify in BiH. The discourse of transition is therefore simplistically referred to as 'from Dayton to Brussels'. At the same time up until the middle of the decade, British politician Paddy Ashdown was serving as the High Representative of international community for Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is, therefore, unsurprising that he co-constructed the discourse himself. This diploma thesis examines mainly the process of legitimization of the discourse of transition by Paddy Ashdown. Specific legitimization strategies are examined by means of critical discursive analyses and decolonial approach. The main aim of the thesis is to investigate whether the legitimization strategy of Paddy Ashdown is embedded in colonial matrix of power. Based on analyses of Ashdown's speeches, an overarching legitimization strategy was detected - mythopoesis (referring to myths and stories) rooted in colonial matrix of power. The entire argumentation of the High Representative is built around a fairytalelike story about Bosnia and...