Šiuolaikinėje informacinėje visuomenėje žmogui keliami visai kitokie reikalavimai. Kiekvienas žmogus, siekiantis prisitaikyti prie besikeičiančios visuomenės, turi įgyti jam reikalingų kompetencijų, būtinų vertybinių nuostatų. Priešmokyklinis ugdymas suvokiamas kaip ikimokyklinio ugdymo tąsa, tačiau turinti kokybiškai naujų tikslų ir uždavinių, kitokią vaiko ugdymo sampratą. Ugdomosios veiklos turi būti nukreiptos į visų esminių kompetencijų: socialinės, pažinimo, sveikatos saugojimo, komunikavimo, meninės ugdymą. Darbo tikslas - išsiaiškinti meninės kompetencijos kompleksinio ugdymo ypatumus priešmokykliniame amžiuje. Darbo tyrimo objektas – kompleksinis meninės kompetencijos ugdymas priešmokykliniame amžiuje. Darbo tikslui pasiekti analizuojami pedagoginiai ir psichologiniai literatūros šaltiniai, stengiantis išsiaiškinti priešmokyklinio ugdymo sampratą ir priešmokyklinio amžiaus vaikų pedagoginę ir psichologinę charakteristiką, siekiama išsiaiškinti priešmokyklinio ugdymo kompetencijų sampratą ir šio amžiaus vaikų kompetencijas, kaip ugdoma meninė kompetencija priešmokyklinio amžiaus vaikams ir kokie yra šios kompetencijos ugdymo ypatumai, bei anketa ir interviu metodu išsiaiškinti priešmokyklinio amžiaus vaikų ir priešmokyklinėje grupėje dirbančių pedagogų požiūrį į kompleksinį meninės kompetencijos ugdymą. Iš viso tyrime dalyvavo 67 respondentai. Anketa buvo pateikta 32 priešmokyklinio ugdymo pedagogams, interviu metodu apklausti 35 priešmokyklinio amžiaus vaikai (... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In modern informatical society, there are much requirements raised for a person. Every person, who tries to adopt to the changing society, must acquire competence, necessary valuable rules. Pre-school education is perceived as pre-school education continuation, with qualities new aims, different child education conception. Educational activities must be directed to all basic competences: social, cognition, health care, communication, art education. Research object - combined art competence education to pre-school age group. Work aim – to find out peculiarity of combined art competence to pre-school age group. To reach goal, there will be analyzing educational and psychologic literature sources, explaining pre-school education conception and pre-school age children pedagogic and psychologic characteristics, revealing pre-school education competence conception and particular age children competences; presenting pre-school age children art competence education conception, and by the method of inquestions and interviews there will be elucidated educators , working in pre-school age children and pre-school group, opinion to combined art competence education. In research there was 67 participants. Questionnaire was given to 32 pre-school education educators, by interview method there was questioned 35 pre-school age children (5 – 7 years old). There were used these science research methods: sciences literature and documents analysis, interview method, questionnaire inquest... [to full text]

Disertacijoje sprendžiama telekomunikacinių stiebų efektyvumo problema. Tyrimo objektas – statiškai apkrauti naujos konstrukcijos stiebai su kombinuotomis atotampomis. Darbe išanalizuota šiuolaikinių stiebų konstrukcinės formos ir skaičiavimo metodai. Nagrinėjama sukurta stiebo su kombinuotomis atotampomis konstrukcija, kurioje vietoj įprastųjų siūloma taikyti kombinuotas atotampas. Disertacijoje šiems stiebams skaičiuoti pateikta inžinerinė skaičiavimo metodika. Pateikti naujo stiebo, veikiamo statinių apkrovų, elgsenos analizės skaitinių ir eksperimentinių laboratorinių tyrimų rezultatai. Stiebo su kombinuotomis atotampomis kamieno lenkiamiesiems momentams reguliuoti darbe siūloma taikyti parengtą stiebų komponavimo metodiką. Šių stiebų efektyvumui nustatyti pateikti gretinamieji tyrimai su įprastos sandaros stiebais. Disertaciją sudaro bendroji darbo charakteristika, 5 skyriai, pagrindiniai darbo rezultatai ir išvados, literatūros sąrašas. / Тhe dissertation deals with the problem of telecommunication masts efficiency. The subject of research – masts of a new structure with combined guys under static loads. The study deals with constructive forms and analysis methods of up-to-date masts. It analyses into a created structure of the mast, wherein it is suggested to apply combine guys instead of the ordinary ones. Engineering guyed masts with combined guys static analysis method is given this research. The numerical and experimental laboratory assay of a new mast under static loads behaviour is given. It is proposed in the study to apply a worked out composing method of masts with combined guys to control the bending moments of shaft. Compared research results are given to measure efficiency of these masts against masts of an ordinary structure. The dissertation includes a general characteristic of study, five chapters, main results and conclusions, list of references.

Тhe dissertation deals with the problem of telecommunication masts efficiency. The subject of research – masts of a new structure with combined guys under static loads. The study deals with constructive forms and analysis methods of up-to-date masts. It analyses into a created structure of the mast, wherein it is suggested to apply combine guys instead of the ordinary ones. Engineering guyed masts with combined guys static analysis method is given this research. The numerical and experimental laboratory assay of a new mast under static loads behaviour is given. It is proposed in the study to apply a worked out composing method of masts with combined guys to control the bending moments of shaft. Compared research results are given to measure efficiency of these masts against masts of an ordinary structure. The dissertation includes a general characteristic of study, five chapters, main results and conclusions, list of references. / Disertacijoje sprendžiama telekomunikacinių stiebų efektyvumo problema. Tyrimo objektas – statiškai apkrauti naujos konstrukcijos stiebai su kombinuotomis atotampomis. Darbe išanalizuota šiuolaikinių stiebų konstrukcinės formos ir skaičiavimo metodai. Nagrinėjama sukurta stiebo su kombinuotomis atotampomis konstrukcija, kurioje vietoj įprastųjų siūloma taikyti kombinuotas atotampas. Disertacijoje šiems stiebams skaičiuoti pateikta inžinerinė skaičiavimo metodika. Pateikti naujo stiebo, veikiamo statinių apkrovų, elgsenos analizės skaitinių ir eksperimentinių laboratorinių tyrimų rezultatai. Stiebo su kombinuotomis atotampomis kamieno lenkiamiesiems momentams reguliuoti darbe siūloma taikyti parengtą stiebų komponavimo metodiką. Šių stiebų efektyvumui nustatyti pateikti gretinamieji tyrimai su įprastos sandaros stiebais. Disertaciją sudaro bendroji darbo charakteristika, 5 skyriai, pagrindiniai darbo rezultatai ir išvados, literatūros sąrašas.

This study showed that hydrodynamic particle breakage had potential as a method to help improve the disinfection of wastewater effluents. The physicochemical properties of flocs from four distinct effluents sources (combined sewer overflow, settled combined sewer overflow, primary effluent, and final effluent) were compared before and after hydrodynamic treatment. The use of hydrodynamic force to cause floc breakage was shown to be effective, though variable, across all source types. This variation in floc breakage did not have a significant impact on the UV disinfection achieved, as the UV dose kinetics were similar across samples from the same source type. The results of this study demonstrate how the physicochemical properties of floc are affected when exposed to shear force. These observations further the understanding of floc composition and behaviour when shear forces are applied while also providing evidence to indicate this process improves the performance of UV disinfection technology.

Šiuo metu populiariausias konservavimo būdas yra džiovinimas. Džiovinimas – tai technologinis procesas, kurio metu yra pašalinama iš produkto drėgmė, tokiu būdu prailginamas produkto tinkamumo laikas, tuo pačiu išlaikomos arba pagerinamos medžiagų savybės. Džiovinimo metu svarbiausia išlaikyti kokybę, kad džiovinamoje medžiagoje nepakistų pagrindinės medžiagų savybės. Ekstrudavimo procesas suintensyvina kombinuotųjų pašarų džiovinimo procesą. Magistrantūros darbo tikslas – ištirti ekstruduotų kombinuotų pašarų šunims džiovinimo procesą konvejerinėje džiovykloje. Atlikus informacijos šaltinių apžvalgą yra išanalizuotas džiovinimo procesas,džiovinimo būdai, džiovinimo proceso teoriniai pagrindai, šilumos rekuperatorių panaudojimo studija ir kombinuotų pašarų šunims procesas. Ekstruduotieji kombinuotieji pašarai konservuojami išgarinant perteklinę drėgmę konvejerinėje džiovykloje, sumažinant drėgnumą nuo 19,60 iki 8,51 %, kuris atitinka standarto reikalavimus. Džiovinant pašarus konvejerinėje džiovykloje buvo sunaudota 14000 kJ/kgvandens šilumos vienam kilogramui drėgmės išgarinti. Šilumos kiekis reikalingas džiovinimo procesui 654,48 kW. Nustatyta, kad rekuperatoriaus naudingumo koeficientai yra 72%. Šilumos kiekis reikalingas džiovinimo procesui 654,48 kW. Rekuperatorimi konpensuojamos grąžinamos šilumos kiekis yra 471,50 kW. / Currently drying is the most popular conservation method. Drying is a technological process, which removes moisture from the product, in this way the shelf life of the product is extended, at the same time the properties of materials are maintained or upgraded. It is important to maintain the quality in the process of drying in order to avoid unwanted changes of main characteristics of the drying material. The aim of master thesis is to explore drying process in conveyor dryer for the extruded combined feed for dogs. The analysis of the material data was performed specific attention paying to the process of drying, the methods of drying, theoretical background of drying, the study of the heat recuperator use and the process of combined feed for dogs. Extruded combined feed in conveyor dryer is preserved by evaporating excess moisture, the moisture is reduced from 19,60 to 8,51%, which complies with the requirements of the standard. For the feed drying the amount of heat to evaporate one kilogram of water in the conveyor dryer is 14000 kJ/kgH2O. The quantity of heat needed for the drying process is 654,48 kW. It was established that the efficiency units of recuperator are 72 %. The quantity of heat needed for the drying process is 654,48 kW. Compensated returned heat amount in recuperator is 471,50 kW.

Organizations with older legacy systems face a number of challenges, including obsolescent technologies, brittle software, integrating with modern applications, and rarity of properly skilled human resources. An increasingly common strategy for addressing such challenges is application modernization, which transforms legacy applications into (a) newer object-oriented programming languages, and (b) modern Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA). Published approaches to legacy application modernization focus either on technology transformation or SOA transformation, but not both. Given that both types of transformation are desirable, it is valuable to explore how to combine existing approaches to perform both transformations types within a single project. This thesis proposes principles for combining such approaches, and demonstrates how these principles can be applied through an example of a combined approach along with a simulated application of this example. The results of this simulated application leave us with considerable confidence that both transformations can be successfully incorporated into a combined project.

This study examines the attitudes and perceptions of students who are beaten or physically punished at Amaqadi C.P. School. The response of the school to the South African Schools Act no 27 of 1996 ruling against the exercising of corporal punishment of students is assessed. Observations, interviews, questionnaires and the school record books were the research tools used in this thesis. Most students and teachers favour the continued use of corporal punishment. Even the provincial education minister has shown support for its retention. Various reasons are given by the teachers and students for their support of corporal punishment. Evidence suggests that students are beaten because of the lack of alternative ways of discipline and because corporal punishment is still routinely used in the home. There are many reasons for the retention of corporal punishment in this school but most of these rest on parents, teachers and students. / Thesis (M.Ed.) - University of Natal, Durban, 1999.

An experimental program was conducted to investigate some aspects of in-plane behaviour of masonry infilled steel frames. Eight concrete masonry infilled steel frames, consisting of three fully grouted and five partially grouted infills, were tested under combined lateral and axial loading. All specimens were constructed using one-third scale concrete masonry units. The in-plane lateral load was gradually increased at the frame top beam level until the failure of the specimen while an axial load was applied to the top beam and held constant. The parameters of the study included axial load, extent of grouting, opening, and aspect ratio of the infill. The experimental results were used, along with other test results from the literature, to evaluate the efficacy of stiffness and strength predictions by some theoretical methods with a focus on Canadian and American design codes. Cracking pattern, stiffness, failure mode, crack strength, and ultimate strength of the specimens were monitored and reported. Presence of axial load was found to increase the ultimate strength of the infilled frame but had no marked effect on its stiffness. Two specimens exhibited “splitting failure” due to axial load. Partially grouted specimens developed extensive diagonal cracking prior to failure whereas fully grouted specimens showed little or no cracking prior to failure. An increase in grouting increased the ultimate strength of the frame system but reduced its ductility. Presence of opening reduced the ultimate strength of the infilled frame and increased its ductility but its effect on the stiffness of the frame system was not significant. A review of current Canadian and American design codes showed that the Canadian code significantly overestimates the stiffness of infilled frames whereas the American code provides improved predictions for stiffness of these frame systems. Both design codes underestimate the strength of masonry infilled steel frames but grossly overestimate the strength of masonry infilled RC frames. / Masonry infilled steel frames tested under combined axial and lateral loading. Behaviour as affected by axial load, grouting, aspect ratio and openings discussed. Correlation between axial load level and the infill lateral resistance examined. Efficacy of the Canadian and American masonry standards on infill design was examined.

No description available.

Hearing loss from noise exposure is one of the most common occupational injuries, and exposure to vibrations may increase the risk of noise-induced hearing loss. Earlier cross-sectional and longitudinal studies found an increased risk of noise-induced hearing loss among workers with vibration-induced white fingers (VWF) symptoms compared to workers without such symptoms. It has been suggested that vibrations to the hand stimulate the sympathetic nervous system and cause vasoconstriction in both the exposed hand and the ears and that this contributes to noise-induced hearing loss. The overall aim of this thesis was to examine how hand-arm vibrations (HAV) interact with noise in the development of noise-induced hearing loss. The experimental study in this thesis examined the effects of HAV and noise, both separately and combined, on the temporary threshold shift (TTS) in hearing in 22 healthy male and female subjects. The two longitudinal studies in this thesis were based on a cohort of 189 male workers at a heavy engineering workshop. The first cohort study examined the risk of noise-induced hearing loss from long-term exposure to HAV and noise. The second cohort study examined if workers with VWF had an increased risk of noise-induced hearing loss compared to workers without such symptoms. Finally, the questionnaire study in this thesis examined the occurrence of Raynaud’s phenomenon among 133 men and women with noise-induced hearing loss in relation to exposure to vibrations. In the experimental study, no differences in TTS in hearing were observed after combined exposure to HAV and noise compared to exposure to only noise. In the first cohort study, there was an increased risk of noise-induced hearing loss with increased exposure to HAV in a noisy environment. In the second cohort study, it was found that workers with VWF had an increased risk of noise-induced hearing loss compared to workers without VWF. In the questionnaire study, many men and women with noise-induced hearing loss had used hand-held vibrating machines suggesting that vibrations might contribute to noise-induced hearing loss. A high prevalence of Raynaud’s phenomenon was found among men. This thesis demonstrated that there was a long-term effect on noise-induced hearing loss from combined exposure to noise and HAV, but no short-term effect, and that having Raynaud’s phenomenon may also increase the risk of noise-induced hearing loss. / Många arbetare använder sig av handhållna vibrerande verktyg. Det utsätter dem för höga nivåer av både buller och vibrationer. Människor som utsätts för höga bullernivåer under lång tid kan skada sin hörsel. Risken för hörselnedsättning orsakad av buller kan eventuellt öka om personen samtidigt är utsatt för vibrationer från handhållna vibrerande verktyg. Syftet med avhandlingen var att studera om vibrationer i kombination med buller ökar risken för hörselnedsättning. Avhandlingen består av fyra studier. Den första studien är en experimentell studie med 22 friska deltagare med god hörsel. Denna studie undersökte hur hörseln tillfälligt påverkas av buller och vibrationer, separat och i kombination. Den andra och tredje studien bygger på en population bestående av 189 verkstadsarbetare i Sundsvall som följts regelbundet sedan 1987. Den andra studien undersökte om det finns en ökad risk för hörselnedsättning för arbetare som utsätts för buller och vibrationer under lång tid. Den tredje studien undersökte om arbetare med vita fingrar har en ökad risk för hörselnedsättning än arbetare utan vita fingrar. Vita fingrar är en kärlskada orsakad av vibrationer som gör att fingrarna reagerar onormalt snabbt på kyla. Fingrarna blir vita när blodtillförseln till dem stryps. Den fjärde studien är en enkätstudie med 342 kvinnor och män som har en bekräftad hörselnedsättning orsakad av buller. Studien undersökte hur många ur denna grupp som utsätts för vibrationer samt har vita fingrar. Resultaten från studierna visar att det inte finns någon skillnad i hörselpåverkan från buller och vibrationer i kombination jämfört med enbart buller under kort tid. De som utsätts för vibrationer från handhållna vibrerande verktyg i en bullrig miljö under lång tid har en ökad risk för hörselnedsättning. Arbetare med vita fingrar har en högre risk för hörselnedsättning än de utan. En hög andel av de med hörselnedsättning orsakad av buller använder sig av handhållna vibrerande verktyg. I studien fanns även en hög andel med vita fingrar. Sammanfattningsvis visar resultaten att det finns en långtidseffekt av buller och vibrationer på hörselnedsättning men inte någon korttidseffekt, och att vita fingrar kan påverka risken för hörselnedsättning.