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野性的媒介創業者:台灣有線電視系統先驅者口述傳記研究 / The Savage in Media Entrepreneur: The Oral Biographical Reconstruction of Cable Television Pioneers in Taiwan張煜麟, Chang, Yu Lin Unknown Date (has links)
本研究擬從經濟社會學和創業研究等觀點,對台灣有線電視系統先驅者所進行的媒介創業行動進行考察,嘗試說明早期有線電視系統業者媒介創業行動的行動邏輯,以及揭露其創業行動邏輯的社會根源。
通過媒介創業行動意涵的討論,並彙整當代創業研究的論述,以及參考場域、資本與慣習等概念,本研究將媒介創業行動的考察,聚焦在媒介創業歷程中文化資本、社會資本與象徵資本等不同類型的創業資本,如何進行交換的問題上。
關於研究方法與研究對象的選擇,本研究以口述傳記研究法來蒐集有線電視系統先驅者的媒介經驗,並以台灣選擇社區共同天線系統業者,作為研究的個案。通過對於研究個案的訪談與傳記資料的重構,以及口述傳記訪談法的應用,本文嘗試重建早期有線電視系統業者之媒介創業經驗的整體形貌。
經由對業者之媒介創業經驗的解析,本研究嘗試揭露早期有線電視系統業者所從事之媒介創業的行動邏輯,並推論出:「技術能動性的作用」、「情感互惠的中介」、「『報』的社會常規的應用」、「自尊與歸屬之創業情感的自我期望」等意義結構,是解釋台灣有線電視系統媒介創業行動的關鍵行動邏輯。
進一步,對於媒介創業行動邏輯的社會根源問題,本研究嘗試扣連台灣在地社會的文化傳統,發現在地社會中所強調「人情主義」、「義氣習性」與「技藝精神」等常民規範性,是驅動媒介創業歷程中「情感互惠」、「回報常規」習性與技術能動性的社會文化根源。
結語,本研究指出,受到創業冒險、自信與樂觀等情感因素所導引的台灣有線電視系統先驅者,他們實為一群具有「即興展演」的行動能力,並以文化常規中的「情義」邏輯,來進行創業行動的「野性」的媒介創業者。而相異於當代主流創業論述強調工具理性、資源有效運用的行動思維,這群「野性」的媒介創業者,他們勇於突破政策管制的困境,巧於利用技術物之功能的能力,是他們之所以能夠通過技術與市場的高度不確定性,以及媒體管制政策的壓力,成功進行媒介創業行動的能動性根源。
最終,扣連到傳播生態發展史的論述,本研究發現,這群帶有野性精神的媒介創業者,不僅具有啟動不同資本之交換行動的能動性,他們所具有的創新與創造性行動的力量,更是馴化新傳播的科技特性,使傳播科技得以轉化為日常生活之媒體的關鍵力量。 / This study aims to investigates media entrepreneurial phenomenon which caused by the rise of new communication technology by the viewpoints of economic sociology and entrepreneurship. Based on the unfolding of the oral biography from the cable television pioneers in Taiwan, this study illustrates the action logics of social exchange about media entrepreneurial activities in Taiwan.
Discussed on the contemporary communication phenomenon, entrepreneurship theories and economic sociology theory, this study illustrating the meaning of media entrepreneurship in history, figuring out the overview of media entrepreneurship study, describing the view of ‘media workers as media entrepreneurs’, discussing the meaning and types of ‘media entrepreneurs’, identifying three theoretical dimensions in media entrepreneurial processes, and summarizing the framework of analyzing the media entrepreneurial processes by using the concepts from cultural capitals, social capitals, and symbolic capitals.
According to the work of structural analysis of narration, case reconstruction, and concept crystallization, this study finds: ‘the function of technical agency’, ‘the intermediary of entrepreneurial emotion’, ‘the application of Pao from social codes’, and ‘the project of self esteem and belonging ’ are the core meaning structures about the action logics of Taiwan Cable Television pioneers.
About the problems on social origins of the media entrepreneurial process in Taiwan Cable Television pioneers, this study also finds: ‘the ontology of emotion’, ‘the rules of cultural Yi-Chi disposition’, and ‘the spirit of craftsmanship’ are the social origins from local culture in Taiwan.
In conclusion, this study points out that these pioneers afford the improvisation for the potential of communication technology, and they can domesticate the wildness of new media technology. Further, they can perform the innovation and creative power to encounter the technology-market uncertainty, and overcome the regulation from government.
Finally, this study name there pioneers in Taiwan Cable Television as the ‘Savage in media entrepreneur’, they possess the strong entrepreneurial agency, and they can build the new media ecology for future.
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A relação linguagem-cognição no trabalho com Comunicação Suplementar e/ou Alternativa com a criança com paralisia cerebral / The cognitive-language relation in the Augmentative and/or Alternative Communication intervention in children with cerebral palsySandra Cristina Fonseca Pires 24 March 2005 (has links)
Comunicação Suplementar e/ou Alternativa (CSA) é uma área clínica reconhecida pela ASHA (1991) que visa suprir temporária ou permanentemente dificuldades severas de comunicação oral, seja qual for o fator etiológico e a idade do indivíduo em questão. É uma área ainda recente no Brasil, havendo poucos estudos científicos, sobretudo que a relacionem com o trabalho cognitivo e de linguagem e com quadros de alteração sensório-motora em crianças. A hipótese inicial é que haja pré-requisitos cognitivos e de linguagem para a abordagem direta da CSA. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo relacionar o nível de desenvolvimento cognitivo e de linguagem com o desempenho do trabalho de CSA com crianças com Paralisia Cerebral. Utilizou-se como amostra nove crianças com paralisia cerebral, com idades entre 4;0 e 9;11. Cada criança foi avaliada a partir de um protocolo estabelecido para determinar sua etapa de desenvolvimento cognitivo e de linguagem. Paralela a esta avaliação registrou-se o desempenho da criança no uso da CSA e a descrição detalhada do seu material - tipo de sistema utilizado, número de símbolos no total e por categoria semântica, forma de disposição e tipo de acesso. No caso das crianças que apresentaram uso eficiente da CSA, aplicou-se um questionário sobre sua comunicação aos pais/responsáveis. Os dados foram relacionados e analisados comparando essencialmente a etapa cognitiva com o desempenho no uso de CSA. Quanto ao questionário e análise comparativa do material de CSA, não foi possível estudo mais aprofundado visto que apenas uma criança apresentava uso eficiente da CSA no momento da avaliação. A partir da comparação realizada entre os desempenhos nas provas e no uso da CSA, verificou-se que apenas as crianças caracterizadas no período pré-operatório demonstraram usar a CSA de forma eficiente, o que sugere que de fato há pré-requisitos para o uso de sistemas gráficos de CSA / The Augmentative and/or Alternative Communication (AAC) is a clinical area recognized by ASHA (1991) that attempts to compensate, temporarily or permanently, severe expressive communication disorders, being whatever the etiologic factor and the age of the subject studied. It is still a recent area in Brazil, with few scientific studies, above all that associates the AAC with the cognitive and language intervention and with developmental neuromotor disorder. The initial hypothesis is that cognitive and language pre-requisites exist for a direct intervention with AAC. The present research had the aim of verifying the relationship between the cognitive and language development level and the learning of the AAC, in children with cerebral palsy. The subjects of the research were nine children with cerebral palsy, with age ranging from 4;0 to 9;11 years old. Each child was assessed by a set protocol in order to determine the cognitive and language development level. Moreover, it was registered the performance of the child with the AAC use and the detailed description of her material - type of system and selection, arrangement of symbols, and total number of symbols and by semantic category. In the case the children present efficient use of AAC, a questionnaire about their communication was applied to their parents/responsibles. The data were related and analyzed comparing, essentially (principally), the cognitive level and the performance in the use of the AAC. In relation to the questionnaire and the comparative analysis of the AAC material, it was not possible to make a deeper study due to only one child presented efficient AAC use in the assessment occasion. According to the comparison done between the performance in the tests and the use of AAC, it was verified that only the children in the preoperational level demonstrated an effective use of the AAC. The results suggest that it really exists a pre-requisite for the AAC representational systems use
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Seeing the supplements : a rhetorical visual analysis with fitness advertisementsHarvey, Michael Joseph January 2014 (has links)
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This study uses a rhetorical visual analysis to investigate supplement advertisements within the top three fitness magazines, according to circulation, to provide a richer understanding of the message construction within the visual images the advertisements contain. The advertisements were selected at random over a time span of a year and a half within each of the magazines, totaling nine separate advertisements for analysis. The purpose of this study is to determine to what extent, if any, the construction of advertisements in men's fitness magazines operates as ideographic images establishing legitimacy as determined through application of Sonja Foss' rhetorical visual analysis methodology. Previous research has identified various analyses of visual images within the fitness culture, however, rhetorical visual analysis of supplement advertisement does not appear to have been investigated prior to this project which is the primary concern for the initiation of the current research. Employing rhetorical analysis in order to understand visual images provides a perspective that is imperative to identification of elements and functions of visual images. The current findings indicate that images in advertisements in men's fitness magazines do not establish rhetorical legitimacy, as understood from a rhetorical perspective. However, when examined through a traditional aesthetic intentionalist perspective, the construction of the advertisements operates as ideographic images, establishing legitimacy through the image. This information provides us with the understanding that advertisements within current muscle magazines are operating under a traditional viewpoint, and as such, produce traditional perspectives. The advertisement industry within this genre is reliant upon the consumer first knowing what the product is and then realizing how the image fits into that function. The limitation within this perspective of the advertisement industry is the consumer's knowledge base concerning the product, the product being explained through text and the time the consumer is willing to spend on correlating the intent or function with the images presented.
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