The purpose of this study is to better understand the classroom experiences of current secondary school students, in light of the present policy drive towards participation. Using an approach with ethnographic intent (participant observation, interviewing, shadowing and field notes) this research explores six students’ experiences, in one secondary school in Scotland. Emerging themes from the literature, regarding participation and participatory approaches, suggest that these can be understood in different ways, ranging from economic instrumentalism to democratic renewal. This study took a fresh theoretical approach, employing an ecological, temporal-relational understanding of the achievement of agency. This understanding acknowledges a young person’s awareness of, and capacity to engage with, a range of different possible actions, by means of a particular context at a particular time. This approach provided theoretical tools, with which to interpret aspects of these students’ school experiences. The findings are detailed in terms of teacher-student relationships, the cultural realm, and young people’s aspirations. Students’ achievement of agency in the school setting is complex, but one major finding is that the quality and type of teacher-student relationship are significant in enabling these students to achieve agency. Peer relationships and ties beyond the school gates are also significant. The ecological understanding of agency provides a basis for educators to better understand the interdependence of the individual and the environment and to explore how participation might afford a wider range of possibilities for young people. This reflection on participation is important if we want to shape educational ecologies to encourage practices which facilitate the achievement of agency by young people.

Taylor, Cooren, Giroux, and Robichaud (1996) theorize that an organization is created entirely through the interpretations of its members and it evolves as those conversations change. Demonstrating the Taylor et al. theory, the current study focuses on the outcomes of management vision and strategic planning sessions in a division of a large Southwestern University. It explores the ways organization emerges through the discourse of the managers, how text is amplified to support the organization as a whole, the ways organization continues to emerge in communication, and in what ways the emergent view of organization exists throughout the division. The results of the study support the Taylor et al. theory. Management participants created an expanded view of the organization through discourse and then linked it to the university as a whole. Evidence was found supporting continued reformulation but it was limited to the management participants and did not include hourly employees.

Esta investigação tem como objetivo buscar uma educação ambiental crítica, dialógica e democrática, que potencialize a mudança de hábitos e comportamentos, melhorando a qualidade de vida em nosso planeta. A educação ambiental surge comprometida com a proteção da vida na Terra, reconhecendo o papel central da educação na formação de valor e para a ação social. Partiremos de uma concepção complexa e sistêmica da sustentabilidade, chegando a ideia de sustentabilidade humanista. Na USP, a Superintendência de Gestão Ambiental (SGA) lançou em 2013 o Programa de Incentivo à Sustentabilidade da USP, com o intuito de apoiar projetos que tivessem como objetivo a promoção da educação visando à sustentabilidade para construir de forma participativa uma Universidade sustentável, como modelo para a sociedade brasileira. Um dos projetos aprovados, \"A ECA e a EACH em união para a sustentabilidade na USP\", criou a disciplina \"Educomunicação Socioambiental\" no Curso de Educomunicação (ECA/USP), colocando em prática a reflexão sobre os fundamentos e as implicações da Educação Ambiental e produzindo um ecossistema comunicativo capaz de dialogar com as práticas ambientais. Concluiu-se que a Educomunicação Socioambiental tem um grande potencial para desenvolver uma EA eficiente, capaz de transformar hábitos e comportamentos. Ao introduzir o diálogo, empoderando a comunidade e desenvolvendo o protagonismo nos processos de reflexão e produção, ela facilita o intercâmbio de experiências, garantindo uma comunicação participativa e cidadã, capaz de contribuir para a preservação dos recursos naturais. / This research aims to seek a critical environmental education, dialogue and democratic, that leverages the changing habits and behaviors, improving the quality of life on our planet. Environmental education appears committed to the protection of life on Earth, recognizing the central role of education in shaping values and social action. Depart from a complex and systemic concept of sustainability, reaching the idea of humanistic sustainability. We will start from a complex and systemic concept of sustainability, reaching the idea of humanistic sustainability. At USP, the Board of Environmental Management (BEM) launched in 2013 the Incentive Program to Sustainability at USP, in order to support projects that have as an objective the promotion of education aiming at sustainability to build in a participatory manner a sustainable University, as model for the Brazilian society. One of the approved projects, \"ECA and the EACH in union for sustainability at USP,\" created the discipline \"Environmental Educommunication\" in Educational Communication Course (ECA / USP), putting into practice the reflection on the foundations and implications of Education Environmental and producing a communications ecosystem capable of dealing with environmental practices. It was concluded that the Environmental Educommunication has great potential to develop an efficient EA, able to transform habits and behaviors. By introducing the dialogue, empowering the community and developing the role of the reflection and production processes, it facilitates the exchange of experience, ensuring a participatory and citizen communication, able to contribute to the preservation of natural resources of the planet.

Employment coaching is essential for performing job duties and for developing and enhancing skills. Coaching in the school setting typically follows the traditional format of pre-conference, observe, and post-conference, where feedback on teaching performance is shared but often delayed. Professional development provides teachers with skills to enhance their teaching practice with little to no follow-up or support. The most effective way to produce change in the school setting is to show the connection between professional development and student performance, and iCoaching can help to bridge the gap. Research shows that effective feedback is immediate, systematic, positive, constructive, and detailed (Scheeler & Lee, 2002). Bug-in-ear (BIE) coaching is a way to provide immediate feedback so correction can be made live, and errors are reduced. iCoaching uses iPods as a BIE device with a coach serving as a remote observer providing coaching prompts or immediate feedback to the teacher to allow the teacher to implement ideas or make corrections immediately. Increasing opportunities to respond (“Increasing Opportunities to Respond,” 2015) is a way to increase academic achievement and on task behavior (Sutherland, Alder, & Gunter, 2003). This study utilized a multiple probe across participants design to investigate the effect of iCoaching on teacher-delivered OTR. Four teacher participants and their students participated in the study, where the teachers completed a teacher preparation session and live iCoaching sessions to increase their OTR. Data were collected on OTR (including the type of OTR), coaching comments, student responses, and student curricular performance. The results indicate that iCoaching was effective in increasing teacher-delivered OTR and increasing student responses and academic performance. Implications for future research are discussed. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2017. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

The qualitative research study examined the teacher-student and student-student interactions that took place in two elementary parochial classrooms staffed by teachers nominated as effective by their supervisors. The study also examined relationships, similarities and differences between the teacher-student and student-student interactions. Qualitative data were collected including classroom observations, interviews with teachers, and focus group interviews with students. Results indicated that effective teachers supported their students organizationally through well-organized learning environments ; instructionally by using a variety of instructional scaffolds, strategies and materials while holding students accountable for their learning ; and emotionally by meeting students' needs for belonging and safety. Student-student instructinal and emotional supports reflected most of the elements of teacher-student organizational, instructional and emotional supports but also included some negative interactions not present in teacher-student interactions. Implications for classroom practice, public policy and further research in classroom interactions are given. / by Eudora A. Stephens. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2012. / Includes bibliography. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / System requirements: Adobe Reader.

There are numerous empirically described problems of communication in healthcare. The doctor/patient relationship is fundamental to many such problems. The changing nature of healthcare and the doctor/patient relationship is explored in this thesis. An increasing evidence base demonstrates that patient outcomes in healthcarea re directly relatedt o clinical communication. However, more fundamental than patient outcomes is the very nature of personhood and the effects illness has on individual autonomy. A theory of human need provides the foundation for discussion. Autonomy in healthcare is discussed in these terms and is argued as a basic human need. Moreover, human communication is argued as a basic human need using the same theoretic approach. It therefore follows logically that health professionals have the same duties and responsibilities to meet basic human communication needs on the same terms as those for autonomy. The relationship between autonomy and communication is shown to be a reflexive one. A theory of democratic communication is drawn on to describe the type of communication that will meet autonomy and communication needs. This is set in the context of healthcare. Consent in healthcare is used to show how far we have come in meeting communication and autonomy needs. Given the arguments o far it is reasonable to expect medical education to respond to the changing and recognised needs of the users of healthcare. The role of effective communication in medical education programmes is explored. Finally, a strategic approach to organising and delivering a communication curriculum is proffered which tries to meet both the philosophically and democratically argued basic needs. The resulting communication curriculum combines theoretic foundations with a pragmatic approach to the problems of clinical practice. If the approaches in this thesis are followed then communication can no longer be perceived as something doctors do after they have completed other medical tasks. Effective doctors have to be effective communicators in order to meet patients' needs.

Orientador: Oswaldo Francisco de Almeida Júnior / Banca: / Resumo: O panorama científico de um campo do conhecimento é fundamental para a compreensão de seu surgimento, estabelecimento e desenvolvimento. Apresenta uma discussão em relação ao estado da arte da mediação da informação a partir da constituição e desdobramentos dos conceitos de mediação na produção científica brasileira. Tem como objetivo geral investigar, apresentar e analisar o estado da arte da mediação da informação na literatura de Ciência da Informação e áreas afins no Brasil, e como objetivos específicos: identificar a produção científica em mediação nos periódicos nacionais e internacionais, anais do Enancib, teses e dissertações; descobrir a origem epistemológica da mediação; levantar quais são as principais discussões sobre mediação da informação e como os conceitos foram constituídos; conhecer qual é a elite científica responsável pela consolidação do campo da mediação; mapear os Grupos de Pesquisa, as instituições de ensino e pesquisa que lidam com a temática e influenciam na constituição dos conceitos na Ciência da Informação. Realiza uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório e descritivo, de natureza básica e adota como métodos a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Utiliza as teorias da Análise do Discurso de Eni Puccinelli Orlandi, Helena Hathsue Nagamine Brandão e Michel Pêcheux; dos Estudos Métricos a partir de Derek John de Solla Price; e da História dos Conceitos segundo Benoit Hardy-Vallé, José D'Assunção Barros e Reinhart Koselleck para analisar os dados sob a ót... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The scientific panorama of a field of knowledge is crucial for the understanding of its birth, establishment and development. It presents a discussion regarding the state of the art of information mediation from the constitution and unfolding of mediation concepts in Brazilian scientific production. Its general objective is to investigate, present and analyze the state of the art of information mediation in the literature of Information Science and related areas in Brazil, and as specific objectives: to identify the scientific production in mediation in the national and international periodicals, annals of Enancib, theses and dissertations; find out the epistemological origin of mediation; to raise the main discussions about information mediation and how the concepts were constituted; to know the scientific elite responsible for the consolidation of the field of mediation; map the Research Groups, the teaching and research institutions that deal with the theme and influence the constitution of the concepts in the Information Science. It performs an exploratory and descriptive research, of a basic nature and adopts bibliographic and documentary research methods. It uses the theories of Discourse Analysis by Eni Puccinelli Orlandi, Helena Hathsue Nagamine Brandão and Michel Pêcheux; of Metric Studies from Derek John de Solla Price; and the History of Concepts according to Benoit Hardy-Vallé, José D'Assunção Barros and Reinhart Koselleck to analyze the data from the perspective ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Resumen: El panorama científico de un campo del conocimiento es fundamental para la comprensión de su surgimiento, establecimiento y desarrollo. Presenta una discusión en relación al estado del arte de la mediación de la información a partir de la constitución y desdoblamientos de los conceptos de mediación en la producción científica brasileña. Tiene como objetivo general investigar, presentar y analizar el estado del arte de la mediación de la información en la literatura de Ciencia de la Información y áreas afines en Brasil, y como objetivos específicos: identificar la producción científica en mediación en los periódicos nacionales e internacionales, anales del Encuentro Nacional de Investigación en Ciencia de la Información, tesis y disertaciones, descubrir el origen de la epistemología de la mediación de la información y como los conceptos fueron constituidos; conocer cuál es la elite científica responsable por la consolidación del campo de mediación; mapear los Grupos de Investigación, las instituciones de enseñanza y pesquisa que trabajan con la temática e influencian en la constitución de los conceptos en la Ciencia de la Información. Realiza una investigación de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo, de naturaleza básica y adopta como métodos la investigación bibliográfica y documental. Utiliza las teorías del Análisis del Discurso de Eni Puccinelli Orlandi, Helena Hathsue Nagamine Brandão y Michel Pêcheux, de los Estudios Métricos a partir de Derek John de Solla Price; y de la... (Resumen completo clicar acceso eletrônico abajo) / Doutor

This study introduces themes and trends apparent from notable research and literature regarding the value and usefulness of bilingual teaching methods in the ESOL classroom, and the perceptions of ESOL managers and teachers regarding these, both from an international and a New Zealand perspective. From this, a shortage of awareness and research in the New Zealand context was identified, which created an opportunity for further research. The study aimed specifically to investigate the knowledge and perceptions of Auckland based ESOL-school professionals regarding the value of teacher bilingualism and the use of other languages in the ESOL classroom. The basic method employed was a survey involving the distribution of questionnaires to 60 Auckland language school teachers and 20 Auckland language school managers, and included both qualitative and quantitative type questions. The study probed the foreign language skills and overseas work experience of the managers and teachers, and investigated whether these factors had influenced their perceptions regarding the value of teacher bilingualism and the use of other languages as an ESOL teaching tool. The study identifies the perceptions of Auckland ESOL professionals regarding these issues and analyses further differentiating factors likely to have influenced these perceptions. It identifies differences of opinion between managers and teachers and investigates reasons for these. The study analyses the linguistic composition of the Auckland language school clientele and considers implications for the industry resulting from the identified perceptions of ESOL professionals. Finally, the study offers suggestions for further future research, in the interest of improvement and enhancement of the industry.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Delaware, 2005. / Principal faculty advisor: Bahira Sherif-Trask, Individual & Family Studies. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 193-204).