Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

Syftet med vår studie var att beskriva och söka kunskap om det offentliga samhällsarbetet i Örebro kommun .  Problemområdet var  hur utförarna av samhällsarbete förklarar  social problematik, hur samhällsarbetet utförs, samt på vilket sätt medborgarna är delaktiga. Empiri insamlades genom en  kvalitativ intervjustudie. Respondenterna  var  fyra  offentligt anställda samhällsarbetare  i Örebro. Resultaten analyserades med utgångspunkt i marxistisk teori och strategier samt principer för samhällsarbete. Analysen visade likheter mellan respondenternas orsaksförklaringar till social problematik  och  marxistisk teori. Arbetssätten har  vissa kopplingar till marxistisk teori, men  inte i samma utsträckning som orsaksförklaringarna. Medborgarna är delaktiga i arbetet, men visst företrädarskap förekommer, något som svårligen kan betraktas som samhällsarbete  på grund av att medborgarna ej är delaktiga i detta.  Offentligt samhällsarbete i Örebro bedrivs huvudsakligen utifrån ett konsensusperspektiv.  Nyckelord: Samhällsarbete, offentligt, områdesutveckling, delaktighet, marxism / The purpose of this study was to describe and seek to understand the public community work in Örebro municipality. The questions  were  how the community workers explain social problems, how the community work is executed and in what way the citizens participate in community work. This is a qualitative interview study. The respondents were  four publicly employed community workers in Örebro. The results were analyzed with marxist theory and strategies and principels for community work. The analysis showed similarities between  the respondents’  explainations of social problems and  marxist theory. The strategies of community work have some similarities with marxist theory, but not to the same extent as the responents’ explainations of social problems. The citizens participate in the community work, but advocasy is used to some extent, and this can hardly be described as community work due to lack of citizen participation. Public community work in Örebro is mostly conducted with a consensus perspective.   Keywords: Community work, public, community development, participation, marxism

Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

The main aim of this thesis was to define one of the alternative punishments - community service from different points of view. Firstly from a historical and descriptive point of view, regarding procedural aspects and further specifics, namely cooperation with the Probation and Mediation Service. Further the thesis outlined the alternative end of the performance, specifically postponing the sentence, parole and waiving of sentence, which may happen to the offender in certain cases. Pros and cons of this kind of punishment were discussed in detail and also its position in the system of penalties, especially competition with the punishmnt house arrest. This thesis also contains a procedure for failure regarding the sentence of community service, thus transforming the prison sentence into inprisonment, the range of conditions, and other aspects. Part of the work includes a comparison with other countries, especially Slovak Republic, having this kind of punishment for a shorter time. The second half of the thesis deals with partially unfulfilled potential regarding sentence of community service, its and ability to empty the prisons and become a universal punishment used in case of most minor offenses. This thesis also included enumeration of the conditions that must be fulfilled to ensure that this...

I hela Västeuropa och i Sverige pågår en utveckling där välfärdsstaten sakta drar sig tillbaka och överlåter mer och mer av det sociala arbetet åt frivilliga. Det kan röra sig om organisationer, stiftelser, föreningar, eller enskilda individer. Det rör sig ofta om människor med stort engagemang och en vilja att hjälpa andra. Samtidigt finns det områden i svenska kommuner med stora utmaningar; ”utanförskap”, kriminalitet, fattigdom, arbetslöshet och där otrygghet hamrat sig fast. Det område vi studerat är ett sådant, där det framförallt anses vara ungdomarna som bidrar till och i vissa lägen skapar problemen. För att mildra problemen bedrivs i området ett projekt, midnattsfotboll, med målsättningen att erbjuda barn och ungdomar i området en meningsfull sysselsättning. Projektet är ideellt och bedrivs av frivilliga krafter där en fotbollsförening engagerat sig och samverkar med ett försäkringsbolag, två företag, kommunen och en stiftelse för att kunna finansiera projektet. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka projektet midnattsfotboll som ett socialt projekt. Fokus ligger på att analysera ledarnas för midnattfotbollens beskrivningar dels av vad deras arbete leder till i fråga om social inkludering och dels kring deras kvalifikationer som ledare i fråga om egenskaper som skapar relationer till ungdomarna som deltar i midnattsfotbollen. Studien är kvalitativ och explorativ. Tillvägagångssättet var att med hjälp av sju semistrukturerade intervjuer av ledare inom midnattsfotbollen identifiera vad ledarna beskriver att projektet leder till i fråga om social nytta. Intervjuerna fokuserades på tre olika ämnen som valdes ut i förväg; ledarskap, relationer och social inverkan. De teoretiska utgångspunkter vi använt oss av i detta arbete är symbolisk interaktionism och socialpedagogik. Vi har också använt oss av begreppen; stämpling, socialisering/lärande, inkludering, bildning samt lösning. Vi använde oss av en induktiv tematisk analys för att analysera den empiriska data vi samlat in. Genom analysen identifierades följande fyra teman; kompetenser, relationer på mötesplatsen, pedagogisk praktik och målbilder. Vi har i diskussionsavsnittet också presenterat de fyra fynd vi gjort i vår studie, utifrån vårt empiriska material; Livskompetens, Hem-skola-fritid, bildning av goda samhällsmedborgare samt minskad kriminalitet. Det första fyndet är att livskompetens är en viktig och relevanta kompetens som ledarna påstår att de har. Andra fyndet är att respondenternas utsagor pekar på att de tre delarna; hem, skola och fritid allihop är viktiga instanser som bör fungera för att ungdomarna inte ska riskera att hamna i ”utanförskap”. Tredje fyndet är att respondenternas utsagor pekar på att målsättning med midnattsfotbollen är betydligt mycket mer än att bara spela fotboll. Respondenterna hävdar att ungdomarna bildas till att bli goda samhällsmedborgare. Vårt fjärde och sista fynd är att projektet enligt respondenterna bidrar till minskad kriminalitet i området, åtminstone under de tider som midnattsfotbollen äger rum.

Objectives: Theoretical contribution of the research is to extend knowledge about the impact of psychotherapeutic training on its participants. Community and group psychotherapeutic training is an endemic phenomenon which does not appear out of the Czech Republic and has not been systematically investigated yet. Goal: The main goal of my dissertation is to detect the influence of psychotherapeutic community training on its members. Subjects: The subject of investigation is 168 introspectional texts which participants of psychotherapeutic community wrote immediately after completing the training. The texts were developed from the diaries which the members wrote during the 5 years persistence of training. Research methods: Qualitative analyses of documents based on application of methods, techniques and procedures of "grounded theory". Content analysis and focus groups were used as complementary methods. Conclusions: This study formulates an integrated theory of psychotherapeutic approaches including cognitive behavioral methods, psychodynamic psychotherapy and expressive therapeutic techniques concentrated in a system of community and psychotherapy group training. The study describes concrete methods and techniques of leadership work with community and groups which combine social work with large...

and key words School as a community center - reality and possiblities of development of communtiy education Key words: local community, school as a community center, cooperation, community work, lifelong learning, case study. This thesis deals with the community schools in the Czech Republic and the possibilities of their development. Firstly, it defines basic concepts like community education in an international context and the notion of community schools itself. Secondly, it discusses certain theoretical assumptions and presuppositions as well as current challenges of development of the community schools. The research is based on a multiple case study and it describes the current situation of selected community schools. The current situation of the schools is compared to their situation and conditions six years ago. Basing on the diachronic comparison using the academic document "Analysis of environment in the Czech Republic and the possibility of the development of community schools" of 2008, the research revealed that community concepts in schools are almost unchanged. Finally, the work challenges possible causes of this stagnation of development. Its contribution is in addition to the design possibilities for further development of community schools in the Czech Republic. Further value added...

AND KEY WORDS Social - pedagogical goals of community project concerning minorities Key words: Community, community work, community project, minority, social - pedagogical goals, semi-structured interview, field examine The theme of this thesis is community projects in the Czech Republic and their socio- pedagogical goals. The nature of work is theoretical work and research. In the theoretical part are defined basic concepts like community, community work, community project, minority and examples of organizations working with minorities through community projects. Research is based on semi-structured interviews within field examine, which introduces a view to Organisation Český západ, public participation in the implementation of community projects, what projects are highly relevant, to the skills acquired and in what situations seek the services of this organization in 2015. Their utterances are analyzed and interpreted in relation to individual objectives of this work. On the basis of this examine it was found that for informants was important to by employed. The conclusion summarizes the information from the interviews. Further value added of this thesis is the authentic assessment of direct participants in community projects and personal acquaintance with the opinion spectrum of the population...

The dissertation deals with an inquiry concerning how the transformation of community work can be understood from a comparative perspective within the framework of social work in Scandinavia. Community work is examined by means of two main studies: an international literature review and an empirical study in four Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden). The transformation is discussed in the light of theories of modernisation and discourse analysis. The results propose that the transformation is characterised by differentiation, both divergence and convergence. The discourses are far from constant, while the practices seem to remain the same. There are surprisingly many similarities between settlement work and contemporary community strategies across the globe. Since the 1980´s, they have expanded rapidly because of the political and ideological changes within welfare states – towards decentralisation and devolution. The concept of community work has been replaced by a plurality of community-orientated concepts. Within social work, it has converged into community social work. The transformation of Nordic community work has also moved towards a national and local diversity. The Nordic countries share similar phases of transformation of community work, but also have traits of their own. In general, community work has been carried out as projects. Denmark is characterised as the promised land of projects, Finland as the community land of minimal number of projects, Norway as the land of co-ordinated projects, and Sweden as the land of structural project-ideology. The transformation has also resulted in a polarisation – an increased professionalisation in academic communities and deprofessionalisation in practice. A constant problem with community work is its temporary nature, due to dependence upon recurring projects. There is a great need for sector transcending and integrating research, knowledge and practice development within the area of community policy and practice, including community work.