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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 2005. / Partial embargo. Vita. Bibliography: 84-91.

Thesis--University of Oklahoma. / Bibliography: leaves 77-85.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oklahoma. / Bibliography: leaves 168-181.

Thesis--University of Oklahoma. / Bibliography: leaves 154-165.

<p>Islamic banking and finance in Pakistan started in 1977-78 with the elimination of <em>interest</em> in compliance with the Principles of Islamic Shari’ah in Islamic banking practices. Since then, amendments in financial system to allow the issuance of new interest-free instrument of corporate financing, promulgation of ordinance to permit the establishment of Mudaraba companies and floatation of Mudaraba Certificates, constitution of Commission for Transformation of Financial System (CTFS), and the establishments of Islamic Banking Department by the State Bank of Pakistan are some of the key steps taken place by the governments.</p><p> </p><p>The aim of this study is to examine and to evaluate the performance of the first Islamic bank in Pakistan, i.e. Meezan Bank Limited (MBL) in comparison with that of a group of 5 Pakistani conventional banks. The study evaluates performance of the Islamic bank (MBL) in profitability, liquidity, risk, and efficiency for the period of 2003-2007. Financial ratios (12 in total) such as Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Loan to Deposit ratio (LDR), Loan to Assets ratio (LAR), Debt to Equity ratio (DER), Asset Utilization (AU), and Income to Expense ratio (IER) are used to assess banking performances. T-test and F-test are used in determining the significance of the differential performance of the two groups of banks. The study found that MBL is less profitable, more solvent (less risky), and also less efficient comparing to the average of the 5 conventional banks. However, there was no significant difference in liquidity between the two sets of banks. The reasons are due to the facts that conventional banks in Pakistan have longer history and experience in doing banking business and hold dominating position in the financial sector with its large share in the overall financial assets of Pakistan, as compared to Islamic banks, which in true sense, started only a few years back with all letter and spirit.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p>Albeit, the study found that MBL is less profitable, more solvent (less risky), and less efficient during 2003-2007, however, it is improving considerably over time indicating convergence with the performance of the conventional banks.</p>

Thesis (M.S.)--Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 2006 / Typescript (photocopy)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Cetirizine is an antihistamine of second-generation used to relieve physical symptoms of allergic rhinitis. The benefits of possessing initial fast action, delayed effect and less cholinergic and sedative activity, comparing with other compounds of the same class are highlighted. The drug is commercially available as tablets, oral solution and compounded capsules. There are no official monographs, up to this moment, to control the quality of this drug in its pharmaceutical forms. In the present work, methods for the quantification and dissolution evaluation of the drug in tablets and capsules were developed and validated. Comparative studies among some commercially formulations and a preliminary stability study of tablets were also conducted. UV spectrophotometry, liquid chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis methods were developed and validated for quantitative determination, and showed linearity, precision and accuracy. The selected conditions for the dissolution test were 900 mL of 0.1 N HCl as medium, using paddles for tablets and basket for capsules, with rotation speed of 50 rpm. The comparative study presented that some products showed quality deviations. Moreover, we observed that important characteristics for solid oral pharmaceutical formulations were modified after three months storage at 40ºC ± 2ºC and 75% ± 5% relative humidity. / A cetirizina é um anti-histamínico de segunda geração utilizado no alívio dos sintomas físicos da rinite alérgica, apresentando a vantagem de possuir rápido início de ação, efeito prolongado e menor atividade colinérgica e sedativa, quando comparada com os demais compostos da mesma classe. Encontra-se comercialmente disponível na forma de comprimidos, solução oral e cápsulas manipuladas. Não existem, até o momento, monografias em códigos oficiais para controlar a qualidade desse fármaco em suas formas farmacêuticas. Neste trabalho foram desenvolvidos e validados métodos de quantificação e de avaliação da dissolução do fármaco em comprimidos e cápsulas. Estudo comparativo entre algumas formulações disponíveis comercialmente, bem como estudo preliminar da estabilidade dos comprimidos, foram também realizados. Os métodos desenvolvidos e validados para determinação quantitativa foram: espectrofotometria na região do ultravioleta, cromatografia líquida e eletroforese capilar, os quais apresentaram linearidade, precisão e exatidão. As condições selecionadas para o teste de dissolução foram 900 mL de HCl 0,1N como meio, utilizando pá para comprimidos e cesta para cápsulas, com velocidade de rotação de 50 rpm. O estudo comparativo realizado demonstrou que alguns produtos apresentaram desvios da qualidade. Verificou-se, também, que características importantes para formas farmacêuticas sólidas de uso oral foram alteradas após três meses de armazenamento a 40ºC ± 2ºC e 75% ± 5% de umidade relativa.

L'étude a pour objet de montrer les différentes manières dont le mécanisme translatif peut être envisagé. En droit allemand, les aspects ressortissant du droit des biens sont ainsi extraits du contrat créateur d'obligations pour s'ordonner autour de l'exécution de celui-ci, laquelle prend la forme d'une convention translative. Le potentiel de la convention translative allemande peut inviter à penser une nouvelle modélisation du transfert en droit français, qui aurait le mérite de rationaliser une problématique hantée par le « mythe» de l'obligation de donner. Lorsqu'aux deux phases de conclusion et d'exécution du contrat correspondent deux actes juridiques distincts, la question se pose de leurs rapports. C'est sur ce point que l'originalité du droit allemand est connue: en vertu du principe d'abstraction, la validité de l'acte translatif est indépendante de celle du contrat. La portée de ce principe n'est cependant pas toujours appréciée à sa juste mesure. Elle doit en effet être relativisée dans le rapport entre les parties, où la logique causale du transfert, plus intuitive, semble s'imposer d'elle-même. Dans les rapports avec les tiers, le principe d'abstraction permet de légitimer des choix de politique juridique que n'a pas fait le droit français, fidèle à la logique du transfert causal. La confrontation des deux systèmes de transfert permettra ainsi de comprendre leurs tenants et aboutissants respectifs, afin que chacun puisse évaluer l'intérêt de l'un ou l'autre des modes de transfert. La coexistence effective de différents modèles de transfert n'est pas sans poser des problèmes dans le commerce international, ce qui implique de réfléchir à leur coordination. / The study aims to show the ways in which the conveyance mechanism can be envisaged. Under German law, the national aspects of property law are thus extracted from the creator of contract obligations to be ordered around the execution thereof, which takes the form of a translational convention. The potential of the German conveyancing convention may invite suggests a new model of transfer French law, which would have the advantage of streamlining problematic haunted by the "myth" of the obligation to give. Where, two phases conclusion and execution of the contract correspond to two separate legal acts, the question arises of their reports. It is on this point that the original German law is known: under the principle of abstraction, the validity of the deed is independent of the contract. The scope of this principle, however, is not always appreciated at its true value. It must indeed be relativized in the relationship between the parties, where the causal logic of the transfer, more intuitive, seems to impose itself. In dealing with third parties, the principle of abstraction allows legitimize choice of legal policy that did not French law, faithful to the logic of causal transfer. The confrontation of the two transfer systems will thus understand their ins and outs respectively, so that everyone can evaluate the interest of one or the other transfer modes. The effective coexistence of different models of transfer is not without problems in international trade, which involves reflecting on their coordination.

Denna studie är avsedd att utreda vilka förutsättningar rektorer har att utföra sitt arbete samt om det skiljer sig åt mellan kommunala skolor och friskolor. Detta har undersökts genom att studera den bakomliggande ledningsstrukturen samt styrverktygen och hur de har format förutsättningarna för rektorer. Studien baseras på intervjuer med huvudmän, rektorer och en kvalitetschef från den kommunala skolan respektive friskola. Studien visar att styrverktygen; mål, kommunikation, mandat och beslut samt stödfunktioner och till viss del ledningsstruktur formar förutsättningen för rektorn. Dessa styrverktyg har också undersökts för att se hur väl de fungerar för att skapa rätt förutsättningar för rektorns arbete i den kommunala respektive friskoleverksamheten. Från resultaten som erhållits i denna studie anser vi att styrverktygen inte fungerar optimalt för att skapa bra förutsättningar till rektorerna, för att utföra sitt arbete. Framförallt har resultaten visat på att rektorer i friskolan har bättre förutsättningar än rektorer i den kommunala skolan. / This study is intended to investigate the prerequisites for the principals to perform their work and whether they differ between schools. This has been investigated by studying the underlying management structure and the management instrument and how they have shaped the prerequisites for the principals. The study is based on interviews with princi- pals and a quality director from both public school and private school. The study shows that the management instruments goals, communication, mandate and decision as well as support functions, and to some extent the management structure, shapes the prerequisites for the principals. These management instrument have also been looked into more thor- oughly, in order to see how well they work to create the right conditions for the principals in the public school and private school. From the results that was obtained from this study, we could see that the management instruments don’t work optimally in order to give the right prerequisites for the principals. Mainly have the results shown that the principals in the private school have better perquisites than the principals working in the public school.