Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Stockholm. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 288-308).

Tesis--Bologna, 1966. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Princeton university, 1918. / Cover-title. Without thesis note. Bibliography : p. [407]-411.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-12-05Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:30:46Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 birelli_bs_me_assis.pdf: 979465 bytes, checksum: 71a8435266d89b50ae1b70f57d8a250c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / En utilisant le livre Táxi e crônicas no Diário Nacional, organisé par Telê Porto Ancona Lopez (2005), nous avons l‘intention d‘étudier le genre chronique, ainsi que présenter des hypothèses qui élucident l‘importance des allusions aux écrivains français Marcel Proust, Julien Benda et Blaise Cendrars, présentes dans 14 des 173 chroniques de Mário de Andrade qui composent l‘oeuvre. Antonio Candido (1977, p. 12) affirme qu‘au XVIIIe siècle la langue française était déjà le « langage universel des personnes cultivées ». Un siècle plus tard, elle était au « sommet de son prestige et de sa fonction civilisatrice », et son enseignement est devenu « obligatoire et indispensable ». Au Brésil, les écrivains accompagnaient les discussions littéraires et philosofiques qui avaient lieu en France, car l‘Indépendance et le Romantisme ont précipité l‘affirmation de notre nationalité et l‘ancienne colonie a commencé à nourrir une sorte de mépris pour toute forme de lien qui puisse mettre la littérature brésilienne en situation de dépendance par rapport à celle du Portugal. La France, centre irradiateur de culture de l‘époque, est devenue une source d‘inspiration pour les écrivains qui lisaient et admiraient les oeuvres de Balzac, Victor Hugo et Dumas Fils. Cette irradiation est arrivée au XXe siècle et était présente dans les oeuvres de Manuel Bandeira, Oswald de Andrade et Sérgio Milliet. C‘est dans ce contexte qui s‘inscrit Mário de Andrade et que nous irons analyser ses textes journalistiques, en se concentrant sur la façon dont l‘écrivain a mis l‘élement français dans ses chroniques, vu qu‘il l‘a inséré dans un discours léger et familier / Utilizando o livro Táxi e crônicas no Diário Nacional, organizado por Telê Porto Ancona Lopez (2005), pretende-se estudar o gênero crônica, bem como apresentar hipóteses que elucidem a importância das alusões aos literatos franceses Marcel Proust, Julien Benda e Blaise Cendrars, presentes em 14 das 173 crônicas de Mário de Andrade que compõem a obra. Antonio Candido (1977, p.12) afirma que já no século XVIII, a língua francesa era a ―língua universal das pessoas cultas. Um século mais tarde, estava no ―clímax de seu prestígio e de sua função civilizadora, tornando-se ―ensino obrigatório e indispensável‖. No Brasil, os escritores acompanhavam as discussões literárias e filosóficas que ocorriam na França, pois a Independência e o Romantismo tornaram urgente a afirmação da nossa nacionalidade e a ex-colônia passou a nutrir uma espécie de desprezo por toda e qualquer forma de vínculo que pudesse colocar a literatura brasileira em situação de submissão à portuguesa. A França, grande centro irradiador de cultura da época, passou a ser a fonte de inspiração para os escritores que liam e admiravam as obras de Balzac, Victor Hugo e Dumas Fils. Esta irradiação chegou ao século XX, tornando-se presente na obra de Manuel Bandeira, Oswald de Andrade e Sérgio Milliet. É neste panorama que se insere Mário de Andrade e que iremos analisar seus textos jornalísticos, focalizando a maneira pela qual o escritor utilizou-se do elemento francês em suas crônicas, inserindo-o em um discurso leve e coloquial

During the period of military government in Argentina, Brazil (1964 –1982) and the present day communist Cuban regime, a machinery of cultural repression was established in these countries, these states had a systematic plan of cultural repression of any kind of opposition, dictatorships had an organized and sophisticated operating control over the press and all publications. The dissident writers examined in this dissertation developed strategies of resistance that depended largely on allegory to carry their messages against their respective oppressive regimes. By means of a detailed rhetorical analysis, our study examines the lookings of allegory and cultural resistance under the constraints of repression. Our corpus includes six novels written by dissident writers during the period studied in this dissertation. The fictional narratives selected in this study are divided into novels from Brazil, Argentina and Cuba. The Brazilian novels: of Jorge Amado Dona Flor e seus dois maridos (1966) and Érico Verissimo, Incidente en Antares (1971); two Argentine novels: Ricardo Piglia’s, Respiración artificial (1980) and Martin Khoan’s, Dos veces junio (2002); and by two Cubans: Jesús Díaz, Las iniciales de la tierra (1987) and Zoé Valdés, La nada cotidiana (1995). This dissertation demostrates that allegory and ghosts, as literary figures, can evolve and assume new functions of resisting oppressive governments through confronting, denouncing, identifying and conjuring national traumas as well as adapting themselves to the different political circumstances in which they are used.

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The objective of this dissertation is to converge and apply Elijah P. Anderson’s concept of “Nigger Moment,” as delineated in his 2011 work, The Cosmopolitan Canopy, as a particular category of trauma, experienced exclusively by Africana men, women, and children, with William E. Cross’ theory of racial socialization called “Nigrescence,” to Comparative Black Literature (CBL). While experiences with racism in both individual and structural forms have played a fundamental role in analyses of Africana literature, a focus on the incidence of these “Moments,” as they contribute to the subject’s “Nigrescence” (the series of racial encounters both within and without the group that precipitate the subject’s exploration of their racial identity) through an intersectional lens applied to CBL, allows the analyst or critic to observe how the means by which the “Moment” is experienced, in what context it is experienced, and how the identity of the literary subject(s) manifest patterns of Africana identity formation within fiction and non-fiction narrative, and, ultimately, Africana individuals. Ultimately, I will explore the pedagogical implications of applying the “N-Moment” to Comparative Black Literature within a multi-cultural and multi-racial classroom in the interest of social cohesion and positive identity formation. This will be done by outlining the various dimensions of the N-Moment within classed, gendered, and migrant contexts, as they apply to Claude McKay’s Banana Bottom, Jessie Redmon Fauset’s There is Confusion, Toni Morrison’s Bluest Eye, James Baldwin’s Another Country, Chimamanda Ngozie Adichie’s Americanah, and Edwidge Danticat’s Breath, Eyes, Memory. / African American Studies

<p>This thesis employs Mikhail Bakhtin’s notion of architectonics to examine the poetry of Nima Yushij, the father of “New Persian Poetry.” The architectonic structure of Nima’s poems presupposes an authorial position situated outside the whole of the work. Outsideness provides the author with the distance that is necessary for consummating the hero and all other elements inside the work’s environment in determinate spatial and temporal boundaries. As Bakhtin puts it, only in this way can the author acquire a surplus of seeing that is required for adopting a valuational stance in relation the hero and the work as a whole. To Bakhtin, the author’s valuational stance toward the hero is the essence of the aesthetic product. This valuational position vis-à-vis the other, which generates what Michael Holquist calls the “structure of authoring,” is enacted on multiple levels in Nima’s poems as the hero, and sometimes the narrator, also perform the authorial function vis-à-vis other characters inside the poem, i.e., fixing them in determinate spatial and temporal boundaries. Of course, from the author’s perspective, the hero and the narrator are also situated inside the poem and occupy specific horizons in its environment. In this sense, their authoring activity is not a precisely aesthetic activity. Nevertheless, Nima utilizes the hero and the narrator’ activity to foreground the structure of authoring inside the poem, to make its dynamics “viewable.” This is a point that I will try to elucidate fully in the course of this study.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Originally presented as the author's thesis, Columbia University. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 246-249).

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