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The World Economic Forum (WEF) found that Botswana's information and communication technology (ICT) networked readiness index (NRI) had declined from position 89 in 2012 to 104 in 2015. A decline in Botswana's ICT NRI resulted in a modest gross domestic product (GDP) growth increasing from 4.2% in 2012 to 5.0% in 2015. The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies ICT service provider managers use to build employee competencies to address ICT infrastructure performance deficiencies. The target population for this study consisted of over 120 managers from 2 ICT service providers located in Gaborone and Francistown in Botswana. The conceptual framework for this study was information technology (IT) competency model. Face-to-face interviews with 15 managers and a review of 12 company documents were gathered and all interpretations from the data were subjected to member checking to ensure the trustworthiness of the study findings. The thematic analyses of participants' interviews and company documents resulted in the emergence of 3 common themes: developing professional employee competencies through training, promoting knowledge acquisition and skills transfer, and developing budgets for funding the development of employee competencies. Participants cited training and professional development as a reason for ICT infrastructure performance deficiencies. Social implications from this study include developing strategies business managers can use to build employee competencies to improve ICT infrastructure performance, which could result in improved services to citizens and enhanced national development, social transformation, and economic diversification.

This research study is a concept analysis of the Critical Cross-Field Outcomes (CCFOs). Legislation and related documentation such as SAQA Bulletins, respective Acts, and position papers of the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) and the National Qualifications Framework (NQF) describe the CCFOs as one of the transformational tools utilised by the SAQA to ensure access, portability and lifelong learning. CCFOs express the intended results of education and training and underpin all learning processes, thus enhancing the learning process and contributing to the full development of an individual. CCFOs are generic and cross-curricular, they are not restricted to any specific learning context, but inform the formulation of specific outcomes in the individual areas of learning for all learners at all levels on the NQF. CCFOs should direct education, training and development practices, as well as the design and implementation of learning programmes. Learning materials should also be designed and utilised accordingly. Critical Cross-Field Outcomes are also referred to as soft competencies, personal competencies, thinking competencies and life competencies, which are the abilities that people need to be active, responsible and successful members of society. They provide the means to build a career and make the person more effective in executing a job. CCFOs should be developed during learning processes so that learners are able to deploy them when achieving work-related outcomes. Knowledge is of little value if it cannot be utilised in new situations or in a form very different from that in which it was originally encountered. Although knowledge is a necessary requirement in education, training and development, it is not sufficient for becoming an expert. What is needed is some evidence that the learners can do something with their knowledge, which implies that they can apply what they know to new situations and problems. The CCFOs are tools that the learner or facilitator can utilise to access knowledge and to develop new knowledge of purposeful objectives. The outcome of this research is a categorisation of underpinning competencies related to the CCFO statements that facilitators, proposers of qualifications, service providers and Education and Training Quality Assurance (ETQA) Managers can use to incorporate the CCFOs in the education, training and development initiatives. These competencies also serve as the starting point for the outcomes-based principle of designing back. These competencies can also be utilized as a benchmark for conducting competencies audits on the CCFOs. Selected competencies are to be implemented at all levels of the NQF in all the fields as identified by SAQA. / Thesis (PhD (Curriculum Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Curriculum Studies / unrestricted

Este estudo caracteriza as competências organizacionais de um empreendimento cooperativo do ramo crédito, visando a identificação da estratégia de gestão de pessoas adequada à organização. A partir da caracterização das competências organizacionais próprias à organização, busca indicar as contribuições específicas da área de gestão de pessoas na construção e consolidação dessas competências organizacionais e, nesta perspectiva, desenvolver a estratégia de gestão de pessoas. Para tanto, parte da revisão da literatura nacional e internacional sobre Gestão por Competências e Estratégia de Gestão de Pessoas, articula essas referências à pesquisa de campo (entrevistas com as principais lideranças) e à pesquisa documental (estudo das fontes institucionais de informação sobre os planos estratégicos), a fim de atingir os objetivos acima. Os resultados demonstram que o mapeamento das competências organizacionais facilita o alinhamento das diretrizes de gestão de pessoas a fim de que esta possa estabelecer suas práticas e contribuir efetivamente para a consolidação das estratégias da organização. / This study aims to identify and analyze the organizational competencies of a cooperative venture of the credit industry, to establish the model of management by competencies applicable in the organization. From the mapping of their own organizational competencies to the organization, seeks to identify the specific contributions of the human resources area in the construction and/or organizational competencies consolidation and, therefore, to develop a strategy for human resources. Thereunto, par of national and international literature review about Competencies and Strategies for Human Resources Management, articulates the field survey (interviews with a sample of main leaders) to the research (study of the institutional sources of information on strategic plans ) in order to achieve the proposed above. It is assumed that the results of this research will contribute to building a strategy for human resources management able to strengthen organizational and individual skills in the organization under study and therefore to the development of organizational performance.

Este estudo caracteriza as competências organizacionais de um empreendimento cooperativo do ramo crédito, visando a identificação da estratégia de gestão de pessoas adequada à organização. A partir da caracterização das competências organizacionais próprias à organização, busca indicar as contribuições específicas da área de gestão de pessoas na construção e consolidação dessas competências organizacionais e, nesta perspectiva, desenvolver a estratégia de gestão de pessoas. Para tanto, parte da revisão da literatura nacional e internacional sobre Gestão por Competências e Estratégia de Gestão de Pessoas, articula essas referências à pesquisa de campo (entrevistas com as principais lideranças) e à pesquisa documental (estudo das fontes institucionais de informação sobre os planos estratégicos), a fim de atingir os objetivos acima. Os resultados demonstram que o mapeamento das competências organizacionais facilita o alinhamento das diretrizes de gestão de pessoas a fim de que esta possa estabelecer suas práticas e contribuir efetivamente para a consolidação das estratégias da organização. / This study aims to identify and analyze the organizational competencies of a cooperative venture of the credit industry, to establish the model of management by competencies applicable in the organization. From the mapping of their own organizational competencies to the organization, seeks to identify the specific contributions of the human resources area in the construction and/or organizational competencies consolidation and, therefore, to develop a strategy for human resources. Thereunto, par of national and international literature review about Competencies and Strategies for Human Resources Management, articulates the field survey (interviews with a sample of main leaders) to the research (study of the institutional sources of information on strategic plans ) in order to achieve the proposed above. It is assumed that the results of this research will contribute to building a strategy for human resources management able to strengthen organizational and individual skills in the organization under study and therefore to the development of organizational performance.

Este estudo caracteriza as competências organizacionais de um empreendimento cooperativo do ramo crédito, visando a identificação da estratégia de gestão de pessoas adequada à organização. A partir da caracterização das competências organizacionais próprias à organização, busca indicar as contribuições específicas da área de gestão de pessoas na construção e consolidação dessas competências organizacionais e, nesta perspectiva, desenvolver a estratégia de gestão de pessoas. Para tanto, parte da revisão da literatura nacional e internacional sobre Gestão por Competências e Estratégia de Gestão de Pessoas, articula essas referências à pesquisa de campo (entrevistas com as principais lideranças) e à pesquisa documental (estudo das fontes institucionais de informação sobre os planos estratégicos), a fim de atingir os objetivos acima. Os resultados demonstram que o mapeamento das competências organizacionais facilita o alinhamento das diretrizes de gestão de pessoas a fim de que esta possa estabelecer suas práticas e contribuir efetivamente para a consolidação das estratégias da organização. / This study aims to identify and analyze the organizational competencies of a cooperative venture of the credit industry, to establish the model of management by competencies applicable in the organization. From the mapping of their own organizational competencies to the organization, seeks to identify the specific contributions of the human resources area in the construction and/or organizational competencies consolidation and, therefore, to develop a strategy for human resources. Thereunto, par of national and international literature review about Competencies and Strategies for Human Resources Management, articulates the field survey (interviews with a sample of main leaders) to the research (study of the institutional sources of information on strategic plans ) in order to achieve the proposed above. It is assumed that the results of this research will contribute to building a strategy for human resources management able to strengthen organizational and individual skills in the organization under study and therefore to the development of organizational performance.

The diploma thesis deals with the topic of the professional past of managers in social services and its influence on the performance of managerial profession. In my thesis I'm dealing with those workers who are currently working in managerial positions and previously worked as social workers. I am interested about how their professional past influenced the performance of their managerial function and how these managers get new managerial competencies. In the theoretical part, I mainly deal with the competencies of social workers, the competencies of managers and then I compare them. I also deal with the acquisition of managerial competencies. In the practical part, I describe the methodology of research surveys and present the results I have reached. The main method is a qualitative research survey using a semi-structured interview. A supplementary method is a quantitative research survey using a questionnaire. In the discussion, I compare these results with available resources. Finally, I reflect the fulfillment of the goals of my thesis and make recommendations.

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The competences of project managers are a vital role in projects success. An exten-sive literature survey was conducted to determine the constitution of an adequate knowledge base for would-be project managers. A detailed literature study was conducted. The literature review discussed how to assess project management competencies. Technical skills and social cultural skills were identified from the literature review. A comprehensive list of criteria was used to generate the critical success factors.Based on the critical success factors that were obtained from the literature in the content for the knowledge base was constructed. This research then started to address what constitutes certification requirements. Certification programs were identified globally for the study. This study identified what the certification programs offered. This research started by proposing a knowledge base and using the “grounded theory approach” used content analysis to compare the proposed knowledge base with project management certification programs. The study concluded with recommendations on the gaps that exist in project man-agement certification programs.