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The self-assembly of magnesium aluminate spinel as a result of dewetting an overlaid thin film of (chiefly) gold was investigated. Thin films of gold were deposited on single-crystalline spinel substrates and were heat-treated to dewet gold film which led to self-assembly of intricate structures consisting of faceted spherical particles atop of frustums. The current work was conducted in continuation of previous studies which reported formation of such intricate structures. The most recent studies had evidently overruled a pure gold self-assembly scenario as was pointed out in preliminary investigations. It was in fact proven that these structures consist of three distinct parts: (i) a single or polycrystalline gold faceted sphere, (ii) quasi-phase interfacial bilayer, and (iii) a crystalline MgAl2O4 necking structure spontaneously risen from spinel substrate. In the current work, samples were produced through different film deposition methods of sputter, thermal evaporation, and e-beam evaporation coating which underwent thermal annealing to induce dewetting of gold film and subsequent self-assembly of intricate structures. Several characterization methods such as electron microscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and atom probe tomography were utilized to survey the different features of the intricate structures with focus on chemical analysis of the gold-spinel interface. The results rejected the previous findings about formation of interface complexion at the boundary of gold-spinel. It was found out that gold-spinel interface is in fact an ordinary metal-oxide boundary with sharp atomic distinction and no inter-diffusion or formation of interfacial complexion. It was further discovered that dewetting pure gold thin films does not result in formation of spinel self-assembly and existence of elemental impurities of copper (Cu) in the initial film is vital in development of such structures. Finally, it was concluded that chemical composition of metallic overlayer and the heat treatment parameters most fundamentally influence formation and physical characteristics of those self-assembled structures. / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc)

Color (sub)Conscious explores the African American female's experience with colorism. Divided into three distinct sections. The first section is a literary analysis of such works as Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye, Gloria Naylor's The Women of Brewster Place, Maya Angelou's I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings and Alice Walker's "If the Present Looks Like the Past, What Does the Future Look Like?" an essay from her collection In Search of Our Mothers' Gardens. The second section is a research project based on data gathered from 12 African American females willing to share their own experiences and insights on colorism. The final section is a creative non-fiction piece of the author's own personal pain growing up and living with the lasting effects of colorism.

O difosfato de cloroquina é um fármaco antimalárico, de conhecida fotossensibilidade. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver, caracterizar e avaliar a fotodegradação de complexos binários e ternários de difosfato cloroquina. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma metodologia analítica que permitiu identificar e quantificar o fármaco por CLAE com detecção UV, que mostrou seletividade, além de adequada especificidade, sensibilidade, linearidade, precisão exatidão, frente a seus respectivos produtos de degradação e fotodegradação. Os complexos com β-ciclodextrina e HP-β-ciclodextrina obtidos não foram capazes proteger o fármaco da degradação promovida pela luz nos meios água, HCI 0,1N e tampão fosfato pH 6,8. Em HCI 0,1N verificou-se que alguns complexos capazes, inclusive, de acelerar a degradação promovida pela luz. Foram também realizados estudos de recristalização do fármaco em diferentes solventes para avaliar o impacto sobre suas características físico-químicas, os quais resultaram possíveis modificações cristalinas observadas mediante técnica de DSC quando foram utilizados etanol e clorofórmio como solventes para o processo. / The chloroquine diphosphate is an antimalarial drug of know photosensibility. The present work had as objective to development, characterize and evaluate photodegradation of binary and ternary complex of chloroquine diphosphate. For such a way, an analytical methodology was developed that allowed to identify and quantify the drug for CLAE with detection UV, that showed good selectivity, beyond adjusted specificity, sensitivity, linearity, precision and accuracy, front its respective products of degradation and photodegradation. The complexes with &#946-ciclodextrin and HP-&#946-ciclodextrin had not been capable to protect the drug of the degradation promoted by the light in solvent water, HCl 0,1N and buffer phosphate pH 6,8. In HCl 0,1N is verified that some complex are capable to speed up the degradation promoted by the light. Also studies of recrystallization of the drug in different solvents were carried trough to evaluate the impact on its physical-chemistry characteristics, which had resulted in possible observed by DSC crystalline modifications technique when ethanol and chloroform had been used as solvent for the process.

O difosfato de cloroquina é um fármaco antimalárico, de conhecida fotossensibilidade. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver, caracterizar e avaliar a fotodegradação de complexos binários e ternários de difosfato cloroquina. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma metodologia analítica que permitiu identificar e quantificar o fármaco por CLAE com detecção UV, que mostrou seletividade, além de adequada especificidade, sensibilidade, linearidade, precisão exatidão, frente a seus respectivos produtos de degradação e fotodegradação. Os complexos com β-ciclodextrina e HP-β-ciclodextrina obtidos não foram capazes proteger o fármaco da degradação promovida pela luz nos meios água, HCI 0,1N e tampão fosfato pH 6,8. Em HCI 0,1N verificou-se que alguns complexos capazes, inclusive, de acelerar a degradação promovida pela luz. Foram também realizados estudos de recristalização do fármaco em diferentes solventes para avaliar o impacto sobre suas características físico-químicas, os quais resultaram possíveis modificações cristalinas observadas mediante técnica de DSC quando foram utilizados etanol e clorofórmio como solventes para o processo. / The chloroquine diphosphate is an antimalarial drug of know photosensibility. The present work had as objective to development, characterize and evaluate photodegradation of binary and ternary complex of chloroquine diphosphate. For such a way, an analytical methodology was developed that allowed to identify and quantify the drug for CLAE with detection UV, that showed good selectivity, beyond adjusted specificity, sensitivity, linearity, precision and accuracy, front its respective products of degradation and photodegradation. The complexes with &#946-ciclodextrin and HP-&#946-ciclodextrin had not been capable to protect the drug of the degradation promoted by the light in solvent water, HCl 0,1N and buffer phosphate pH 6,8. In HCl 0,1N is verified that some complex are capable to speed up the degradation promoted by the light. Also studies of recrystallization of the drug in different solvents were carried trough to evaluate the impact on its physical-chemistry characteristics, which had resulted in possible observed by DSC crystalline modifications technique when ethanol and chloroform had been used as solvent for the process.