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Compliance organization and compliance function must constantly evolve and be adaptable, both through further development within the company and changes in the political and legal situations in which companies operate. In this issue, we kick off with a piece of thought in which Michele DeStefano (Content Curator) engages with experts from compliance practice, including Markus Endres (Advisory Board CEJ) on the question: What role can and should compliance play in digital transformation in the enterprise? From a legal perspective, it is clear that determining the 'role' of compliance is exceedingly relevant, if only because of liability. Furthermore, our authors in this issue deal with the 'Monaco Memo' and its significance for antitrust investigation in the USA and with the continuing relevant topic of sanctions compliance. In addition, our authors from Austria and Liechtenstein describe the implementation of an effective compliance management system in the company and the Compliance Officer’s duty to monitor.

Submitted by Gisely Teixeira (gisely.teixeira@uniceub.br) on 2018-07-19T14:01:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 61500049.pdf: 1402747 bytes, checksum: 9e8a967667f4e0345dc8ee92c127e9af (MD5) / Rejected by Fernanda Weschenfelder (fernanda.weschenfelder@uniceub.br), reason: é mestrado on 2018-07-23T14:52:13Z (GMT) / Submitted by Gisely Teixeira (gisely.teixeira@uniceub.br) on 2019-01-14T15:35:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 61500049.pdf: 1402747 bytes, checksum: 9e8a967667f4e0345dc8ee92c127e9af (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Fernanda Weschenfelder (fernanda.weschenfelder@uniceub.br) on 2019-01-14T16:22:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 61500049.pdf: 1402747 bytes, checksum: 9e8a967667f4e0345dc8ee92c127e9af (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-01-14T16:22:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 61500049.pdf: 1402747 bytes, checksum: 9e8a967667f4e0345dc8ee92c127e9af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Esta dissertação se propõe a analisar a existência ou não de uma deontologia aplicável ao Chief Compliance Officer (CCO) a partir da modelagem normativa, regulatória e de controle dos programas de compliance transplantados pela Lei nº 12.846/2013(Lei Anticorrupção), enquanto instrumentos da política pública brasileira de enfrentamento da corrupção transnacional. Para tanto, são inicialmente examinados os regramentos internacionais – hard e soft law – que conformaram a internalização dos programas de compliance anticorrupção no Brasil sob a ótica da governança pública em rede. Objetiva-se perquirir a necessidade ou não de harmonização do instrumento e, posteriormente, verificar os limites a serem observados na tradução dos direitos e deveres aplicáveis ao Chief Compliance Officer – CCO, com vistas a superar possíveis distorções na política pública e potencializar a contribuição desse profissional na configuração, implementação e execução de programas de compliance anticorrupção efetivos no Brasil. Consubstancia-se a análise a partir de revisão de literatura em produções acadêmicas nacionais e internacionais, exame de relatórios de organizações governamentais e não governamentais, julgados nacionais e estrangeiros bem como surveys produzidos por associações privadas.

Corporations around the globe are embracing Digital Transformation (“DT”) to enhance competitiveness i.e., streamline operations, strengthen relationships with customers, and increase revenue.1 In this dynamic digital world, where data and algorithms are increasingly leveraged both for decisionmaking and to achieve economic and social objectives, a relevant digital transformation requires corporations to, not only onboard new technologies and ways of working, but also to address how they will be using tech in a responsible, ethical, customer/consumer-centric, and sustainable way.2 Necessarily, functions that directly impact the bottom line (like Sales, R&D, Supply Chain) are deeply engaged in these DT efforts.3 The question is what role is and should Compliance be playing in these DT efforts. This thought piece focuses on the evolving role of the Compliance function in this rapidly developing ecosystem, analyzing what role does – and should – the Compliance function play in DT and how should the Compliance function future-proof itself to better manage the governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) aspects of their corporation’s DT initiatives and better leverage the environment, social, and governance (“ESG”) objectives of their company. To address these questions, the authors interviewed two heads of Compliance at larger multinational corporations and facilitated a Salon hosted by the Digital Legal Exchange, entitled 'The Role of Compliance In Digital Transformation: Old Habits Risk Harm”. This event was attended by 12 participants including several General Counsel and Compliance professionals. The Salon was conducted under the Chatham House rule. All participants consented to an anonymised write up for these purposes.4 The purpose of this piece is to provoke more international, cross border discussion around the role of Compliance in digital transformation.

The text explores the multifaceted role of a compliance officer in the Liechtenstein financial market. Drawing parallels to Forrest Gump's life analogy, the compliance officer's routine is marked by unpredictability, earning them the reputation of either a business killer or an everyday hero. Their primary responsibility is ensuring that their company adheres to legal and regulatory requirements. The compliance officer is a vigilant source of information, staying abreast of law amendments, geopolitical developments, and fraud schemes. They act as a second line of defense, rigorously assessing business profiles and monitoring risks associated with client relationships. Additionally, compliance officers play roles as counselors/psychologists, subject matter experts, protectors, and liaisons with the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU). The text emphasizes their liability for actions or inactions, citing examples of legal repercussions for non-compliance. Despite the challenges, the conclusion depicts compliance officers as everyday heroes contributing to the integrity of the financial industry in Liechtenstein.

Il est une idée généralement admise consistant à dire que la fonction de Compliance officer est conçue autour d'une obligation de moyen, négative pour la fonction. Nos travaux nous ont amenés à conclure de la nécessité de poser une notion d'intégrité financière dont la définition réponde également aux exigences des missions du Compliance officer. il s'agit ainsi d'envisager les outils techniques et juridiques inhérents au poste de Compliance officer. Ces outils trouvent leur fondement logique dans la notion d'intégrité financière, à l'issue d'un examen clinique du poste de Compliance officer. La nécessité d'une notion qui soit fonctionnelle amène à retenir que l'intégrité financière consiste en la protection de la circulation légitime de la monnaie et des obligations monétaires. Les réflexions autour de cette notion d'intégrité financière permettent d'isoler une notion d'intégrité qui est opératoire dans la lutte contre la criminalité financière. Ainsi, au même titre qu'il y a dans les sciences criminelles un champ d'étude consacré à l'intégrité physique ou morale de la personne, il était souhaitable que fût identifié un champ d'étude consacré à la circulation de la monnaie. La conséquence d'une telle approche consiste en la reformulation des besoins des institutions impliquées dans la lutte contre la criminalité financière et à une redéfinition de l'offre de formation universitaire sur cette thématique. / People think that the function of Compliance Officer is conceived on an obligation of means. Then, the Compliance Officer is rather seen as "spoilsport". Therefore, seeking for the element for lack of which the Compliance Officer could not be effective became a necessity. Our thoughts lead us to conclude about the need to put down a financial integrity notion whose definition also answers to the duty of the Compliance Officer. Furthermore, we wanted to have a clinical look on the position of Compliance Officer. The will to have a definition of the financial integrity that can be practical has leaded us to retain that financial integrity was the guarding of the rightful flow of money and monetary debentures. Put in those terms, the definition of the financial integrity firstly required presenting monetary items and their protection system. Then, the operating qualities of such a notion in the achievement of the Compliance Officer duty needed to be presented secondly. Beyond the only purpose of the Compliance Officer, our thoughts about the notion of financial integrity aimed at isolating an integrity notion that could be functional in the fight against financial criminality. In other words, as there is a field dedicated to the study of physical or moral integrity of a person, it was desirable that a field dedicated to the flow of money and monetary items could be identified in criminal sciences. Such an approach could participate to reword the needs of financial institutions involved in the fight against crime, and to redefine the university schedule of training by basing the learning process of financial methods on the circulation of items and the monetary objects.

La préservation de la bonne santé du secteur bancaire a toujours été au cœur des préoccupations de la profession bancaire mondiale. La lutte contre le blanchiment des capitaux constitue un moyen pour les banquiers de préserver cette santé. En effet, les banques camerounaises et françaises bien qu’assujetties à la lutte contre le blanchiment des capitaux, ont plus d’un intérêt à mettre en œuvre le dispositif préventif anti-blanchiment. D’une part, au niveau organisationnel, les banques camerounaises et françaises se sont dotées d’un service anti-blanchiment et de dispositifs informatiques qui veillent à stopper leur utilisation à des fins de blanchiment de capitaux. Au plan fonctionnel, les obligations de vigilance imposées aux banques au titre de la lutte contre le blanchiment des capitaux rejoignent et renforcent les règles bancaires déjà instaurées en vue d’une saine pratique des activités bancaires. Cependant, le dispositif préventif anti-blanchiment n’a pas été bien accueilli au sein de la profession bancaire. Pour cause, celui-ci s’attaquait à des principes chers à la profession bancaire notamment, le secret bancaire et le devoir de non-ingérence. De même, la mise en œuvre du dispositif a fait naître de nouvelles obligations dont la violation fait l’objet de sanctions. / The preservation of the good health of the banking sector has always been at the heart of the concerns of the world banking community. The fight against money-laundering is a way for bankers to preserve this health. Indeed, French and Cameroonian banks though assujetties subject to the fight against money-laundering have more than one interest to implement operative preventive anti-money laundering. Firstly, at the organizational level, Cameroon and French banks have an anti-money laundering service and computer devices that shall stop their use for the purpose of money-laundering. Functionally, the vigilance obligations imposed on banks in respect of the fight against money-laundering join and strengthen banking rules already implemented in practical with a healthy level of banking activities. However, operative preventive anti-money laundering is not well-received within the banking profession. For cause, it was attacking principles dear to the banking profession in particular, secrecy and the duty of non-intervention. Similarly, the implementation of operative has brought new obligations whose violation is the subject of sanctions.

On June 23, 2023, the Professorship for Economic Criminal Law, Compliance, and Digitalization at the University of Liechtenstein successfully continued its hybrid event series, 'Liechtenstein Talks on Economic Criminal Law.' The central theme of the fourth conference was 'Criminal Compliance,' a key focus of the professorship's research. Experts from various countries discussed relevant aspects of compliance, particularly for Liechtenstein as a financial center, through five presentations and subsequent discussions. In her opening speech, Prof. Dr. Konstantina Papathanasiou emphasized the practical significance of 'Criminal Compliance' and its growing importance in economic regulation. The conference covered a wide range of topics, from insights into the role of a compliance officer to internal investigations, compliance risk analysis, and the use of IT tools in data forensics. Papathanasiou also highlighted the recent publication of 'Corporate Criminal Law and Criminal Compliance,' available to participants in the LL.M. program in economic criminal law. The presentations delved into diverse areas, such as the role of a compliance officer in Liechtenstein's financial market, the privatization of law enforcement through internal investigations, data protection in internal investigations, compliance risk analysis, and technological innovations in internal investigations. The speakers discussed tools like whistleblower platforms and AI-supported data forensics, addressing both opportunities and challenges.