Heusler compounds form a large class of intermetallic materials, which attracted a lot of interest in recent years. The reason is their enormous flexibility, which makes it possible to observe almost every physical effect in one of the 1000 members known nowadays. Especially many magnetic Heusler compounds display promising properties, which offer potential application in fields like rare-earth free permanent magnets, magnetocalorics, spin transfer torque devices and tunnel junctions. Apart from that, magnetic Heusler systems are also interesting for fundamental research since some members host skyrmion lattices and other magnetically complex orders. The search for new Heusler compounds is therefore fruitful in many ways. Accordingly, the present thesis followed the approach of synthesizing and characterizing such Heusler compounds that were either entirely new or had unexplored magnetic properties. Exactly this second approach was demonstrated in Chapter 3, namely for IrMnGa. With help of combined neutron and x-ray diffraction experiments it was possible to correct the structural model from literature and show that the compound crystallizes indeed within the half-Heusler space group but with a substantial degree of Y -disorder. In contrast to older suggestions, the subsequent magnetic characterization revealed a robust canonical spin glass state instead of antiferromagnetic order. The magnetic phase diagram was found to be similar to Au1−xFex and thus hinted on a Heisenberg-like spin glass with considerable anisotropy. Contrary to synthesis route and heat treatment, changing the composition allowed to tune the spin glass state extensively. Increasing the Mn content caused a transition from spin to cluster glass behavior and for Mn contents above 40 at%, it was even possible to introduce ferrimagnetic order. Notably, the composition dependence of spin glasses was only studied for binary systems before. It turned out that many trends are quite similar for the Ir-Mn-Ga ternary scenario with the exception of magnetic behavior near the percolation limit being more complex. Generally, spin glass order is rather rare in Heusler compounds and especially for half-Heusler systems a report remained elusive up to IrMnGa. Chapter 4 then summarized investigations on the Heusler series Fe3−xMnxSi, which features a spin reorientation transition at low temperatures. Despite being one of the most studied Heusler systems, the magnetotransport properties were not yet covered systematically in literature. The presented investigations unveiled that the mechanisms of longitudinal as well as Hall resistivity change upon cooling through the spin reorientation transition. For the Hall effect, skew scattering dominates above TR whereas it is the intrinsic mechanism below. The finding emphasizes the dependency of the intrinsic Hall contribution on the magnetic structure and it should be possible to generalize this change of the Hall mechanism to all magnetic transitions, where the intrinsic contribution is affected. The subsequent Chapter 5 provided a reevaluation of the Fe-Mn-Si phase diagram. The approach seemed well justified since the obtained phase boundaries agreed better with theory than the old experimental studies. Furthermore, it was found that those compounds, which were previously identified as β-Mn, actually crystallize in a superstructure. The ordered version has a Mn3IrSi as prototype and derives from β-Mn by splitting of the 8c site into two 4a sites. Due to the close relation of both structures, this phase was named β’-Mn. Moreover, it turned out that the ’mysterious’ secondary phase, which was mentioned for Mn-rich Fe3−xMnxSi Heusler compounds but never specified, is given exactly by β’-Mn. The investigations of its magnetic properties indicated a transition to a canonical spin glass state at low temperatures. β’-Mn thus adds a further type of magnetic ordering to the Fe-Mn-Si system. Indeed, the latter comprised all kinds of solid state magnetism but no spin glass order was reported before. Finally, the spin glass state was demonstrated to exhibit a similar composition dependence as in Ir-Mn-Ga, which illustrated nicely the universal character of the spin glass concept. The last chapter dealt with the difficult search for entirely new Heusler compounds. It was explained that high-throughput studies struggle to predict phase stabilities, which is why they have to be treated with care. To overcome these issues, some design rules were suggested to evaluate whether a Heusler compound is likely to be experimentally stable or not. Usually, there are no reports for systems, which do not form as single phase. Since this is a highly inefficient habit, 26 multi-phase ’Heusler compounds’ were listed. In the end of the chapter, the successful synthesis of three new compounds was presented, namely Ru2CrAl, Ru2CrGa and Ru2CrSb. Ru2CrGa was identified as Pauli paramagnet whereas Ru2CrSb exhibited an antiferromagnetic transition around 100 K. A second transition at 40 K was accompanied by a small increase of magnetization, which hinted on some more complex magnetic structure at low temperatures.

Recent genomic data indicate that RNA polymerase II (Pol II) function extends beyond conventional transcription of primarily protein-coding genes. Among the five snRNAs required for pre-mRNA splicing, only the U6 snRNA is synthesized by RNA polymerase III (Pol III). Here we address the question of how Pol II coordinates the expression of spliceosome components, including U6. We used chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and high-resolution mapping by PCR to localize both Pol II and Pol III to snRNA gene regions. We report the surprising finding that Pol II is highly concentrated ∼300 bp upstream of all five active human U6 genes in vivo. The U6 snRNA, an essential component of the spliceosome, is synthesized by Pol III, whereas all other spliceosomal snRNAs are Pol II transcripts. Accordingly, U6 transcripts were terminated in a Pol III-specific manner, and Pol III localized to the transcribed gene regions. However, synthesis of both U6 and U2 snRNAs was α-amanitin-sensitive, indicating a requirement for Pol II activity in the expression of both snRNAs. Moreover, both Pol II and histone tail acetylation marks were lost from U6 promoters upon α-amanitin treatment. The results indicate that Pol II is concentrated at specific genomic regions from which it can regulate Pol III activity by a general mechanism. Consequently, Pol II coordinates expression of all RNA and protein components of the spliceosome.

The subject of the master's thesis is elaboration of the complete project design documentation of a administrative building, ready for implementation in the construction phase. The object is divided into four above-ground floors and one underground floor. It is divided into three blocks A, B, K and into three independent functional units. The prevailing part of building is administrative part, which is located in blocks A and B. In the basement there is a compound garage. Part of the building comprises of a service, a café, located and operated on the first floor above ground in block K. The individual blocks have separate entries and are without any mutal limitation to their independent operations. The building has a carrier system designed as a monolithic, reinforced concrete skeleton with two reinforced cores, placed on reinforced concrete feet. Ceramic fittings are slated for filling . The roof structure designed as a single-shell flat roof area, eventually vegetative. The facade is designed as ventilated with cement-bonded particle boards. Within the specialization is the solution of technical equipment, forced ventilation by means of air-conditioning system.

The project elaborated design of technology production of the metal yoke of electrical socket made of steel DX51D + Z200 by compound progressive tool. Stock material for series of 200 000 pieces is a strip of coil. Manufacturing is realised in five steps consist of cutting, bending and flanging. For flanging was constructed a special mechanism for whose is necessary to use hydraulic counterholder, which is sold as a special peripheral equipment of manufacturing machine. The machine choice was adapted to this criterium. The servopress DSF-N1-800A was chosen as a manufacturing machine, which is made by AIDA company. The press can produce force of 800 kN and make work of 4000 J. Selling price of a one yoke is 24,5 Kč when the profit is one hundred percent. The break-even point comes with 58 140 made piece.

The main goal of this thesis was to study plasma generated by surface discharge and its application in volatile organic compound destruction. Introduction of this thesis deals with the issue of volatile organic compound. The term of volatile organic compound was defined and explained. Summary of the most important sources of volatile organic compound emissions and possible technics for their elimination was presented. This thesis drew attention on negative aspects of volatile organic compounds on human organism and on the whole environment. The problems of surface discharge and its possible application in various branches are known only few years therefore construction of plasma reactor itself was the first independent step of this work. The plasma reactor was consisted of electrode, which was created from the series of metal stripes each other separated by dielectric barrier. On the surface of the electrode, discharge was regulated and distributed. For the reason of technical limits experiment time was limited up to one minute. The experimental part describes reactor for surface discharge and other parts of apparatus in which degradation volatile organic compound was carried out. Nitrogen was used as carrier gas and it was mixed with air before entering into the reactor. Samples of compounds after degradation process were taken from reactor for the subsequent analysis. Analysis of the products proceeded in a gas chromatogram linked to mass spectrometer. The decomposition products were adsorbed in the SPME filaments or in sorption tubes. The decomposition products were analysed also through the mean of Testo 350 M/XL. This apparatus provided the information on the concentration of small molecules such as CO, H2, NO, NO2 and CxHy Hexane, cyclohexane and xylene were used as VOC examples. Analysis of GC-MS showed decomposition products of hexane, cyclohexane and xylene. The decomposition products were especially various alcohols, ketones, aldehydes and benzene compounds. The apparatus Testo 350 M/XL was unable to detect any CxHy, only large quantity of NO2. This thesis was further focused on possible factors which could have an influence on degradation of compounds, for example input power or different flow of oxygen. It was found that increasing power declined the removal efficiency. The maximum removal efficiency was 87 % for degradation of hexane at the lowest input power. Next part of this thesis was focused on diagnostics of plasma generated in the surface discharge form. The optical emission spectroscopy has been chosen as the best method for plasma characterisation. By this method, various important discharge parameters can be determined, e.g. vibration and rotation temperature. The obtained numeric value of rotation temperature was 840±80 K and vibration temperature was 1880±140 K. The obtained results may be used as a fundament for further study of VOC decomposition in surface discharge.

Strength and strain analysis of high pressure compound vessel, which is used to produce superhard materials (for example synthetic diamond). This work was elaborated to compare the stresses and strains calculated by Prof. Jan Vrbka making use of the FEM program ‘Prokop’17 years ago with those gained with the contemporary FEM Ansys program. The vessel is loaded by internal pressure of size 6 GPa. The elastic-plastic material be-haviour is taken into account. Real value of friction between rings and non-uniform temperature field is included into the calculation. The process of assembling the compound vessel is simulated step by step.

The project drawn up within engineering studies, field N2307-00, presents a design for processing a single part – the part is made of sheet steel number S235JRG1 by shearing and bending. On the basis of literary study was design compound tool which is working in three steps. The tool is fixed in eccentric press LEN 40 C (producer TOMA Industries, s.r.o.) with nominal force 400 kN. Blanking punch and blanking die are made from tool steel 19 436 according the drawing documentation.

This master’s thesis focuses on the concept of large-lot manufacturing of sheet metal component made from DC01 steel. Based on forethought, the method of compound tool combining shearing and bending was chosen. The theoretical part analyses used technologies in detail. In the next part specific course of manufacture was created and supplied with technological calculations. Based on all needed facts the tool was designed and after that forming machine, LDC 160 crank press, was chosen. At the end the usability of designed concept was confirmed with economical calculations.

Academic thesis, drawn up within the framework of engineering studies, presents a proposal optimal production of garage door lock striker. The part is manufactured from steel sheet S275JR of 1.5 mm thickness. By the analysis of its possible methods of production, with regard to the required annual series of 500,000 pieces, was chosen technology of manufacturing the part in the compound tool by blanking and bending processes. For these technologies was designed solution of the compound tool and automatic production line with the eccentric crank press SMERAL S160, where is the compound tool fixed. The measure of financial performance of manufacturing the part is economical assessing. In the current state is investment return in the production of 179,186 pieces of the parts.

The thesis is in the first part focuses on the description of the technology and tumbling overview of the applications in which it is possible to use this technology. This topic is the description tumbling wet using ceramic beads. In the third part of this work is performed a brief overview of the types of tumbling machines. The following is a list of their own design variant tumbling machine with a choice of optimal design variants. Then follows the design of the tumbling machines, followed by an overview of the calculations. In the last part of this work are the technical parameters of the designed tools, including a description of its operation and maintenance.