This article examines the talk of male Psychology students about women and heterosexual relationships in all-male discussion groups. Four vignettes depicting difficult situations in heterosexual relationships were used to initiate discussion. Eight men attending a historically black university participated in the group discussions, which were facilitated by a male postgraduate Psychology student. The study explored masculine identity construction by identifying interpretive repertoires deployed by respondents to construct and account for themselves and their social worlds, within the context of discussions about relationships with women. Three interpretive repertoires of masculinity: the male-as- breadwinner/provider, male-as-protector and the "New Man" repertoire were identified. The complex and contradictory nature of masculine identity construction is highlighted. Drawing on the work of Hollway (1984), two discourses of heterosexuality were also identified: the have/hold discourse and the permissive discourse. The invocation of the "New Man" repertoire and pro-feminist discourses of heterosexuality in the men's talk may signify a move towards more enlightened and less oppressive constructions of masculinity, heterosexuality and gender.

Orientador: Augusto Caccia Bava / Banca: Levi Marques Pereira / Banca: Paulo Santilli / Banca: Ana Paula Soares da Silva / Banca: Sebastião de Souza Lemes / Resumo: Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida, a partir de 2007, junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia, nível doutorado, da Faculdade de Ciências e Letras, UNESP/Araraquara, com o propósito de estudar o envolvimento de grupos de jovens, integrantes do povo Kaiowá e Guarani, nos projetos de vida e resistência de seu povo. A intenção, com a pesquisa, era de contribuir para a interlocução com a temática juvenil num contexto mais amplo, direcionando as discussões para a especificidade das questões da juventude junto aos povos indígenas e fornecendo elementos que contribuam para a visibilidade das múltiplas juventudes no país. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir do método etnográfico, considerado como uma contribuição metodológica valiosa, por permitir explicar a experiência da pesquisa intercultural. A metodologia incorporou, ainda, a análise das narrativas espontâneas dos jovens professores Guarani e Kaiowá, ocorridas em contextos públicos e materiais escritos, como avaliações de curso, planos de aula, documentos oficiais e oficiosos. O terreno de pesquisa foi o Curso Normal Médio - Formação de Professores Guarani e Kaiowá - "Ára Verá" e o Curso de Licenciatura Intercultural Indígena "Teko Arandu", a partir dos quais foi possível o acesso aos jovens professores Guarani e Kaiowá, especialmente... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This paper presents research titled "Between-times: life strategies and resistance among Guarani and Kaiowá youth." Since 2007, the research was developed with the Doctorate Postgraduate Program in Sociology of FCL/Unesp/Araraquara. The research focuses on the study of Kaiowá and Guarani youth in their affirmative practices, especially those aimed at strengthening the larger Guarani "people." It investigates their strategies of interaction with the surrounding society. More specifically, the project aims to investigate and analyze: a) the conceptions and representations of Kaiowá and Guarani youth today; c) how youth appropriate new forms of knowledge c) how male and female youth understand "traditional values;" and d) their strategies for forging internal and external alliances with the group. This research dialogues with the larger context of Brazilian studies of Kaiowa and Guarani youth, aiming to address specific questions related to youth visibility. The research utilizes ethnography as a methodology in order to explain the intercultural research experience. This methodology incorporates in the analysis the spontaneous narratives of young Guarani and Kaiowa professors, which occurred in public contexts and in written materials like course evaluations, lesson plans, and official documents. The research field was an Intermediate Level Course of Training Certification for Guarani and Kaiowá Professors- "Ára Verá.' The aldeia... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

The question of morality related to adolescents now seems to be a thorny issue which gets into those in authority in South Africa. So far, nobody denies that the moral fibre in live of people is deteriorating at all age levels. The adolescents are probably most vulnerable. Various research projects, obviously have been conducted in relation to morality, however, serious problems are still experienced with regard to the perception of morality by adolescents. Consequently, the aim of this research is to explore and describe how adolescents perceive morality, and to draw guidelines which will be used by educators to assist adolescents in their moral development. This research can therefore contribute in helping the adolescents acquire the knowledge of factors that affect their perception of morality. This will help them not to be a menace to society. An explorative, descriptive, contextual and qualitative design was followed to conduct this research. A purposive sample was used and the young people had to satisfy specific criteria pertaining to being adolescents. Focus group interviews were conducted. Adolescents between fourteen and eighteen years of age participated. After the interviews had been recorded on audiotape and were transcribed, Tech’s method of data analysis was followed to analyze the data and ensure that trustworthiness is maintained. The results brought the following themes to light: • Expression of adolescents’ perception of morality • Morality versus immorality • Crime • Parents identified as neglecting and abusive • Adolescents expressed concern that their parents’ perception of certain aspects of life is not acceptable. It is evident that the conduct of adolescents is determined their perceptions of morality. As a result it is hoped that if due acknowledgement is made that educators and parents need to give proper guidance to adolescents about moral principles, harmonious interaction will prevail in both the home and the school. / Prof. C.P.H Myburgh

M.A.

This study measured the resistance to temptation of five-year-old children as related to their sex, Sunday school attendance, and mothers' working status; analyzed the mothers' parenting attitudes as influenced by work, church attendance, and family structure; and examined relationships between children's resistance to temptation and mothers' parenting attitudes.

University of Macau / Faculty of Arts and Humanities / Department of Chinese

M.Ed. (Psychology of Education) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

No description available.

Psychological momentum (PM) is often regarded as an important phenomenon that influences athlete performance. Nevertheless, conceptualisations of PM are criticised for being speculative, vague and impractical for scientific inquiry. In contrast, self-regulation is a long-standing, well researched concept used to explain performance outcomes, yet not clearly integrated in current PM conceptualisations. Hence, this thesis explores self-regulation relative to PM. Golf was considered to be an appropriate context for the empirical inquiries on the basis that it serves as a metaphor for managing life’s challenges. Three studies were conducted. The first study entailed a systematic conceptual analysis of PM based on previous conceptualisations and studies in relevant scientific literature. Self-regulatory processes were identified among the key psychological mechanisms and moderators related to PM. The second study aimed to identify key self-regulation strategies in PM experiences among 16 golfers. A mixed method approach including novel “walk-along” and “think aloud” data collection techniques was used. An inductive thematic analysis yielded a comprehensive typology golfing strategies. Nevertheless, the study did not find consistent strategy patterns in positive or negative PM phases. The third study explored the self-regulation of identity (ego-regulation) in relation to PM phases. A staggered multiple-baseline single-case research methodology was used with five golfers (three professionals and two amateurs). Ego-regulation was manipulated through a mindfulness-based schema mode program tailored to golf (Mindfulness for Golf; MFG). Pre-, mid- and post-intervention data showed positive changes among the participants on two dimensions of PM as well as performance outcomes. Overall the results suggest that golfers use idiosyncratic self-regulation processes to facilitate performance, but these are not directly linked to PM phases. Nonetheless, there are promising indications that enhancing ego-regulation through the MFG program facilitates positive momentum among golfers. Based on the results of the studies in this thesis, and for the sake of scientific parsimony and pragmatism, it is recommended that self-regulation models incorporating motivation are used to explain momentum in athletic activity. In this view, PM has the function of describing, not influencing, goal-driven performance

AFRIKAANS: Die doel van hierdie studie was om die waardeprioriteite van 'n groep jong volwasse vroue vas te stel en die rol wat gesinslede in die oordrag van genoemde waardes speel te identifiseer binne 'n gesinsekologiese perspektief. Die literatuurstudie het die volgende behels: <ul> <li>Die eienskappe, funksies en klassifikasies van waardes asook konsepte wat verwant aan waardes is. </li> <li>Die rol van kultuur in waardes. </li> <li>Die bydrae van strukture, rolle en funksies van die gesin in die ontwikkeling van 'n sisteem van waardes. </li> <li>Die verskillende ontwikkelingsteorieë, wat verband hou met die ontwikkeling van waardes van die jong volwassene.<br></li> </ul> Kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe metodes en tegnieke is in hierdie studie gebruik. Kruisvalidasie, 'n algemene beginsel om geldigheid te verhoog, is in verskillende stadiums van die studie toegepas. 'n Demografiese vraelys is gekonstrueer om die sosiale demografiese profiel van die deelnemers te beskryf. 'n Likert-tipe skaal en twee vraelyste is gekonstrueer om die waardeprioriteite van die twintig gesinsekologiese waardeterreine te bepaal. Die items van die Likert-tipe skaal is met verskillende lewenssituasies in verband gebring. Twee vraelyste, is ontwikkel om vas te stel watter gesinslede (onder andere) verantwoordelik was vir die oordrag van die twintig waardekategorieë. Die deelnemers was 154 jong volwasse vroulike verpleegkundiges aan 'n Gautengse kollege. Hierdie groep het Blanke Afrikaanssprekendes en Engelssprekendes, Kleurlinge, Indiërs, Sotho's, Tswanas, Xhosas en Zoeloesprekende Swartes ingesluit. Bykomend tot genoemde deelnemers is onderhoude aan die hand van gesins- en ontwikkelingstake, met drie Tswanas en drie Afrikaanssprekende Blankes gevoer om groter duidelikheid oor waardeoordrag binne die gesin te verkry. Veldstudies en onderhoude met saakmakende persone is op verskillende stadiums van die navorsing gevoer om die data te bevestig en te interpreteer. 1. Wat waardeprioriteite betref: <ul><li>Die volgende kategorieë van waardes is as hoë prioriteit vasgestel: religieus, beroep, verhoudings, ligggaamlik, lewe, ekonomie, morele, self, veiligheid, intelletuele en gemoed. </li> <li>Waardekategoriee wat nie 'n hoë prioriteit geniet nie is: tyd-ruimtelik, reg, kultuur, ontspanning, natuurlike omgewing en esteties. </li> <li>Die kategorieë wat die laagste prioriteit geniet is: nasionaal, outoriteit en politiek. <br></li></ul> 2. Wat waardeoordrag betref: <ul> <li>Moeders speel die belangrikste rol in sosialiseringsverwante waardes. </li> <li>Vanweë verskeie faktore speel vaders 'n minder belangrike rol. </li> <li>Lede van die kern- en uitgebreide gesinne speel 'n belangrike rol in die oordra van waardes. </li> <li>Die skool en kerk speel belangrike rolle in die oordra van religieuse waardes. </li> <li>Die media, rolmodelle en vriende speel belangrike rolle in die oordra van waardes wat betrekking het op die politiek, natuur en selfbeeld.<br> </li></ul> 3. Wat die demografiese profiel betref: <ul> <li>Die deelnemers was uit die laer en middel inkomste groepe. </li> <li>Die meeste van die groepe behoort tot die Christelike godsdiens terwyl die Indiërs hoofsaaklik Hindu's is. <br></li></ul> Die onderlinge samehang tussen waardekategorieë en die belangrike invloed wat konteks speel, is bespreek en hieruit is modelle en teorieë ontwikkel. ENGLISH: The purpose of this study was to determine, within the family ecology perspective, the priority values of a group of young adult females and to identifY the family members involved in the transmission of these values. A literature review was conducted on: <ul> <li>The properties, functions, classifications of values as well as concepts related to values. </li> <li>The role of culture in values. </li> <li>The structures, roles and functions of the family in the development of a system of values. </li> <li>Various theories explaining the development of the young adult were connected to the development of values. <br></li></ul> Qualitative and quantitative methods and techniques were selected for this study. Triangulation, a general principle to enhance validity, was applied to various stages of the study. A questionnaire was constructed to determine the social demographic profile of the participants. A Likert-type scale and two questionnaires were constructed to determine the significance of the twenty categories of values. The items of the Likert-type scale were linked to specific situations. Two questionnaires were constructed to distinguish between the family members (amongst others) involved in the transmission of the twenty categories of values. The participants comprised of 154 young adult female nurses at a selected college in Gauteng. This group included Afrikaans and English speaking Whites, Coloureds, Indians as well as Sotho, Tswana, Xhosa and Zulu speaking Blacks. In addition to the above participants three Tswana speaking Black and three Afrikaans speaking White young adult nurses were interviewed on developmental and family tasks to identify and clarify the transmission of values in their family. Field studies and interviews with informants at various stages of the research process generated, confirmed and clarified information. 1. On value priorities: <ul> <li>The following value categories were regarded as important: religious, occupation, relations, bodily, life, economy, morality, self: safety, intellect, time and space, the law and disposition. </li> <li>The less important value categories were: culture, recreation, nature and aesthetics. </li> <li>The least important value categories were: national, authority and politics.<br></li></ul> 2. On the transmission of values: <ul> <li>Mothers play the most important role in values related to socialization. </li> <li>The role of the father is of lesser importance due to various factors. </li> <li>Members of the nuclear and extended family also participate in transmitting values. </li> <li>The school and church are important role players in religious values. </li> <li>The media, role models and friends play an important role in values related to politics, nature and self concept.<br> </li></ul> 3. On the demographic profile: <ul> <li>The participants represented the lower and middle income groups. </li> <li>Christianity is the dominant religion of these groups. Most of the Indians are Hindus.<br> </li></ul> To conclude the inter-relatedness of value categories and the important influence of context were discussed to develop models and theories were developed. / Thesis (PhD (Consumer Sience))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Consumer Science / unrestricted