The aim of the thesis called Thematic constants of Pirandello's literary production through intertextuality is to illustrate inner thematic and mental interconnection of Pirandello's writing with intertextuality quotations which can be found in whole production of Luigi Pirandello across all genres to which he devoted. The main text will be the essay On humor, particularly the second part, wherein the author declares his poetics. The dissertation will observe the inception of his poetics in the texts preceding the essay (e.g. The Late Mattia Pascal) but also developing of the essay in texts created in period between two versions of On humor (e.g. So It Is, If You Think So), and also texts which were written after 1921 (Six Characters In Search of an Author, Henry IV, One, No one and One Hundred Thousand). In this work, we will focus on thematic constants which come from Pirandello's poetics of humour. I will also pay attention to exceeding or demolishing of borders between the genres: essay-prose-drama and also shifts as a result of transition (rewrite) from one genre to another one (e.g. short story Leonora, addio! → drama Tonight We Improvise; novel The Notebooks of Sarafino Gubbio, Cinematograph Operator → drama Each In His Own Way, and the like).

The Diploma Thesis deals with preparation of one phoshonate and two phospinate derivatives of dipicolylamine. Dissociation constants of prepared ligands were determined by potentiometric and NMR titration. Coordination properties of the compounds were studied by combination of potentiometry and UV-VIS spectrophotometry. Stability constants of complexes with selected transition metal ions (Cu2+ , Ni2+ a Zn2+ ) and alkali-earth metals ions (Ca2+ , Mg2+ ) were calculated. Acid-base and coordination properties in the solid state were studied by X-ray diffraction on single-crystals.

Abstract This thesis deals with infrared spectroscopy investigations on the linear DCCI molecule. The high resolution spectra between 200–5200 cm-1 were measured with the Fourier transform spectrometer at the University of Oulu. The spectra were analyzed taking into account various types of resonances between rovibrational energy levels. As a result, a set of molecular constants and resonance parameters describing the rotational and vibrational energy states of the molecule were obtained. From the resulting molecular constants, together with previous results from literature for HCCI, the structure of monoiodoacetylene was calculated. In addition, eight harmonic force constants with estimated uncertainties for monoiodoacetylene were determined.

Hot white dwarf stars are the ideal probe for a relationship between the fine-structure constant and strong gravitational fields, providing us with an opportunity for a direct observational test. We study a sample of hot white dwarf stars, combining far-UV spectroscopic observations, atomic physics, atmospheric modelling, and fundamental physics in the search for variation in the fine structure constant. This variation manifests as shifts in the observed wavelengths of absorption lines, such as quadruply ionized iron (FeV) and quadruply ionized nickel (NiV), when compared to laboratory wavelengths. Berengut et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 2013, 111, 010801) demonstrated the validity of such an analysis using high-resolution Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) spectra of G191-B2B. We have made three important improvements by: (a) using three new independent sets of laboratory wavelengths; (b) analysing a sample of objects; and (c) improving the methodology by incorporating robust techniques from previous studies towards quasars (the Many Multiplet method). A successful detection would be the first direct measurement of a gravitational field effect on a bare constant of nature. Here we describe our approach and present preliminary results from nine objects using both FeV and NiV.

Nous étudions les constantes de Siegel–Veech pour les surfaces plates et leurs liens avec les volumes de strates d'espaces de modules de différentielles quadratiques. Les constantes de Siegel–Veech donnent l'asymptotique du nombre de géodésiques périodiques dans les surfaces plates. Pour certaines surfaces plates, de telles géodésiques correspondent aux trajectoires périodiques dans les billiards rationnels correspondants. Les constantes de Siegel–Veech sont fortement reliées à la dynamique du flot géodésique dans les espaces de modules correspondants, par la formule d'Eskin–Kontsevich–Zorich exprimant la somme des exposants de Lyapunov du fibré de Hodge le long du flot de Teichmüller en fonction de la constante de Siegel–Veech pour la strate considérée et d'un terme combinatoire explicite. Cette dynamique est liée à la dynamique du flot linéaire dans la surface plate de départ par un procédé de renormalisation. En utilisant certaines propriétés de cette dynamique nous montrons un critère qui détermine quand une courbe complexe plongée dans l'espace de module des surfaces de Riemann munie d'un sous-fibré en droites du fibré de Hodge est une courbe de Teichmüller. Nous étudions certains rapports de constantes de Siegel–Veech et en déduisons des informations géométriques sur les régions périodiques dans les surfaces plates. Les liens entre les constantes de Siegel–Veech et les volumes d'espaces de modules ont été étudiés complètement dans le cas abélien par Eskin, Masur et Zorich, et dans le cas quadratique en genre zéro par Athreya, Eskin et Zorich. Nous généralisons ces résultats au cas quadratique en genre supérieur, en utilisant la description des configurations de liens selles produite par Masur et Zorich. Nous calculons de façon explicite certains volumes de strates de petite dimension. / We study Siegel–Veech constants for flat surfaces and their links with the volumes of some strata of moduli spaces of quadratic differentials. Siegel–Veech constants give the asymptotics of the number of periodic geodesics in flat surfaces. For certain flat surfaces such geodesics correspond to periodic trajectories in related rational billiards. Siegel–Veech constants are strongly linked to the dynamics of the geodesic flow in related moduli spaces by the formula of Eskin–Kontsevich–Zorich, giving the sum of the Lyapunov exponents for the Hodge bundle along the Teichmüller geodesic flow in terms of the Siegel–Veech constant for the corresponding stratum and an explicit combinatorial expression. This dynamics is related to the dynamics of the linear flow in the original flat surface by a renormalization process. Using some properties of this dynamics we prove a criterion to detect whether a complex curve, embedded in the moduli space of Riemann surfaces and endowed with a line subbundle of the Hodge bundle, is a Teichmüller curve. We study ratios of Siegel–Veech constants and deduce geometric informations about the periodic regions in flat surfaces. The links between Siegel–Veech constants and volumes of moduli spaces were completely studied by Eskin, Masur and Zorich in the Abelian case, and by Athreya, Eskin and Zorich in the quadratic case in genus zero. We generalize their results to the quadratic case in higher genus, using the description of configurations of saddle-connections performed by Masur and Zorich. We provide explicit computations of volumes of some strata of low dimension.

Orientadores: Rubens Maciel Filho, Laura Plazas Tovar / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T00:37:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lopes_EmiliaSavioli_M.pdf: 7245588 bytes, checksum: 930b1984893789276ff0e09268cf77af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: O bagaço da cana-de-açúcar é uma das principais fontes renováveis como alternativa econômica para a produção de biocombustível de segunda geração (2G) e para a geração de eletricidade (cogeração). Neste processo, várias etapas são necessárias, dentre elas, a deslignificação se torna fundamental já que as cadeias celulósicas presentes na lignina dificultam o acesso das enzimas hidrolíticas. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento, avaliação e o estudo cinético do processo de deslignificação alcalino do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar proveniente da corrente de pré-tratamento com ácido sulfúrico diluído. Foi realizado um pré-tratamento inicial com ácido sulfúrico diluído, seguido de um estudo detalhado da deslignificação com variações de temperatura entre 80 e 120 °C, concentração de NaOH entre 0,5 e 1,5 % m/v e tempo de reação entre 30 e 90 min, estimando os parâmetros cinéticos. Posteriormente, realizou-se a hidrólise enzimática e, em sequência, a fermentação. Os resultados mostram que, com a aplicação do pré-tratamento catalisado com ácido sulfúrico diluído, há uma eficiente conversão das hemiceluloses de 76,31 ± 3,77 % e que temperaturas entre 80 ± 2 °C - 100 ± 2 °C, e tempos de reação de 90 min, mostram-se os mais indicados para o processo de deslignificação, este tendo a maior remoção de lignina encontrada no ponto de 80 °C/0,5 % m/v NaOH/90 min atingindo 75,41 ± 0,73 %. A partir dos dados experimentais, foi possível estimar as constantes de velocidade (kb) constatando-se que estas diminuem com o aumento da temperatura no processo de deslignificação. Com a realização da hidrólise enzimática, foi possível afirmar que após decorridas 24 h ocorreu a liberação máxima dos açúcares, 47,95 g/L no ponto 80 °C/0,5 % m/v NaOH/90 min, decorridas 72 h atingiu-se uma concentração de açúcares liberados de 50,08 g/L e um rendimento global de 53,47 %. Com a realização da fermentação, foram obtidos valores de YP/GLC para o bagaço de cana-de-açúcar PCA e para o seguido de deslignificação de 0,51 kgetanol/kgGLC e 0,47 kgetanol/kgGLC, respectivamente, com seus rendimentos de 100 % e 91,59 %. Vale ressaltar que as fermentações foram realizadas em um reator (PCA) e em um shaker (deslignificado), fator que pode ter levado a obter importantes diferenças nos valores de rendimento / Abstract: Sugarcane bagasse is an important renewable resource with cost-effective alternative for the production of second generation (2G) biofuel and electricity generation (cogeneration). In this process, some steps are required. However, delignification becomes essential due to the cellulose chains present in lignin hinder access of hydrolytic enzymes. Therefore, the goal of this work was the development, evaluation and the kinetic study of alkaline delignification process of sugarcane bagasse from acid pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid. Firstly, it was carried out the acid pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid. After, it was developed the detailed study of delignification process. Temperature ranged from 80 to 120 °C, NaOH concentration ranged from 0,5 to 1,5 % m/v and reaction time ranged from 30 to 90 min. Experimental results allowed to estimed the kinetic parameters. Moreover, enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation processes were carried out. The results show that catalysed pretreatment using dilute sulfuric acid leads an efficient conversion of hemicellulose of 76,31 ± 3,77 % and temperatures between 80 ± 2 °C - 100 ± 2 °C and 90 min establishes the most suitable operating conditions for the delignification process reaching a 75,41 ± 0,73 % of lignin removal at 80 °C/0,5 % w/v NaOH/90 min. Kinetic data were estimated from experimental data. In this sense, the kinetic constants (kb) decrease as the temperature in the delignification process rise. Results from enzymatic hydrolysis showed that the maximum release of sugars occurred after 24 h, 47,95 g/L at 80 °C/0,5 % m/v NaOH/90 min and, at 72 h of enzymatic hydrolysis, the released sugar achieved a concentration of 50,08 g/L and a mass yield of 53,47 %. Results from fermentation process showed that YP/GLC for the PCA sugarcane bagasse and for the followed by delignification of 0,51 kgetanol/kgGLC and 0,47 kgetanol/kgGLC, respectively, attained a process yield of 100 % and 91,59 %, respectively. It is noteworthy that these were carried out in a reactor (PCA) and in a shaker (delignificated), a factor that may have led to obtain important differences in yield values / Mestrado / Desenvolvimento de Processos Químicos / Mestra em Engenharia Química

No description available.

Lattice gauge theory is a special regularization of continuum gauge theories and the numerical simulation of lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) remains as the only first principle method to study non-perturbative QCD at low energy. The lattice spacing a, which serves as the ultraviolet cut off, plays a significant role in determining error on any lattice simulation results. Physical results come from extrapolating a series of simulations with different values for a to a=0. Reducing the size of these errors for non-zero a improves the extrapolation and minimizes the error. In the strong coupling limit the coarse lattice spacing pushes the analysis of the finite lattice spacing error to its limit. Section 4 measures two renormalized physical observables, the neutral kaon mixing parameter BK and the Delta I=3/2 K pi pi decay amplitude A2 on a lattice with coarse lattice spacing of a ~ 1GeV and explores the a^2 scaling properties at this scale. In the weak coupling limit the lattice simulations suffer from critical slowing down where for the Monte Carlo Markov evolution the cost of generating decorrelated samples increases significantly as the lattice spacing decreases, which makes reliable error analysis on the results expensive. Among the observables the topological charge of the configurations appears to have the longest integrated autocorrelation time. Based on a previous work where a diffusion model is proposed to describe the evolution of the topological charge, section 2 extends this model to lattices with dynamical fermions using a new numerical method that captures the behavior for different Fourier modes. Section 3 describes our effort to find a practical renormalization group transformation to transform lattice QCD between two different scales, whose knowledge could ultimately leads to a multi-scale evolution algorithm that solves the problem of critical slowing down. For a particular choice of action, we have found that doubling the lattice spacing of a fine lattice yields observables that agree at the few precent level with direct simulations on the coarser lattice. Section 5 aims at speeding up the lattice simulations in the weak coupling limit from the numerical method and hardware perspective. It proposes a preconditioner for solving the Dirac equation targeting the ensemble generation phase and details its implementation on currently the fastest supercomputer in the world.

NR 20140805

We have investigated the impact of strain on the incorporation and the properties of extended and point defects in (Mg,Zn)O thin films by means of photoluminescence, X-ray diffraction, deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS), and deep-level optical spectroscopy. The recombination line Y2, previously detected in ZnO thin films grown on an Al-doped ZnO buffer layer and attributed to tensile strain, was exclusively found in (Mg,Zn)O samples being under tensile strain and is absent in relaxed or compressively strained thin films. Furthermore a structural defect E3′ can be detected via DLTS measurements and is only incorporated in tensile strained samples. Finally it is shown that the omnipresent deep-level E3 in ZnO can only be optically recharged in relaxed ZnO samples.