Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:17:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sonia Maria Guedes de Medeiros.pdf: 4132347 bytes, checksum: cad84418482ccb7a7f5b5f52c55d604d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-02 / Fundação Nacional de Desenvolvimento do Ensino Superior Particular / The general objective of Quality in Television , a research based on the problematization of the ways whereby the media builds values, is to examine the television broadcasting flow throughout a week. A semiotic map is used to identify and position the cultural products which, in their diversity, are semiotized and circulated with consumption values connected to specific communication contracts. The specific objectives are structured around four points: reading of the seven concepts of quality in television by Mulgan; classification, by genre, of the programming flow of seven broadcasting companies Bandeirantes, Cultura, Gazeta, Globo, Record, Rede TV! and SBT from February 7 to 12, 2006; positioning of the programs on semiotic maps; and examination of the seven semiotic maps of consumption values with respect to the seven concepts of quality, indicating diversity in programming. The research is based on semiotics as the theoretical-methodological basis, on television theory and on critical theory. The thesis consists of four parts, according to the aforementioned specific objectives. The first chapter, Searching for Quality , is based on Geoff Mulgan and Arlindo Machado. The second chapter, Televisual Flow , is based on Raymond Williams. The third, Construction and circulation of consumption values , taken from the structure of Jean-Marie Floch and Andrea Semprini s semiotic map, is used as a tool to examine the televisual flow. The conclusion, discusses the results of an analysis of aspects of quality considered by Mulgan and of values of consumption in the televisual flow, here, the author argues that quality in television is not merely a concept, nor is it translated into technical results or technological innovations. From a broader standpoint, it implies a complex social process, starting from the production of a professional team to its interpretation by the spectator. The latter, seeking to shake off his passiveness in a dynamic process, a spiraling movement of the audience, not only attempts to denounce faults and squalidness but also to promote the context of reception and understand the diversity of television media in the contemporary context of capitalism. The authors that contribute to this discussion include Jean Baudrillard, Muniz Sodré, Krishan Kumar and Anthony Giddens / Qualidade na Televisão , pesquisa elaborada a partir da problematização dos modos pelos quais a mídia constrói valores, tem como objetivo geral examinar o fluxo televisual durante uma semana, utilizando o mapa semiótico para identificar e posicionar os produtos culturais que, em sua diversidade, são semiotizados e circulados com valores do consumo ligados a contratos específicos de comunicação. Os objetivos específicos estão estruturados em torno de quatro pontos: fazer uma leitura dos sete conceitos sobre qualidade na televisão em Mulgan; classificar, por gênero, o fluxo da programação de sete emissoras Bandeirantes, Cultura, Gazeta, Globo, Record, Rede TV! e SBT no período de 07 a 13.02.06; posicionar os programas em mapas semióticos; examinar os sete mapas semióticos dos valores do consumo em relação aos sete conceitos de qualidade, apontando a diversidade na programação. A pesquisa está fundamentada na semiótica como base teórico-metodológica, na teoria da televisão e em teorias críticas. A tese é constituída de quatro partes, conforme os objetivos específicos acima citados. O primeiro capítulo Em busca da qualidade está fundamentado em Geoff Mulgan e Arlindo Machado; o segundo Fluxo Televisual fundamenta-se em Raymond Williams; no terceiro, Construção e circulação dos valores do consumo , apropriamo-nos da estrutura do mapa semiótico de Jean-Marie Floch e Andrea Semprini, como ferramenta utilizada para examinar o fluxo televisual; a conclusão traz resultados da análise sobre aspectos da qualidade em Mulgan e dos valores do consumo no fluxo televisual, defendendo a autora a idéia de que qualidade na televisão não se resume a apenas um conceito, além de não se traduzir em resultados técnicos, nem apenas em inovações tecnológicas. Trata-se, de modo mais amplo, na implicação de um processo social, que parte da produção de uma equipe de especialistas e chega na interpretação do enunciatário que procura sair da passividade e, num processo dinâmico, num movimento espiralado da audiência, não apenas procura denunciar falhas e baixarias da enunciação, mas, promover o contexto de recepção, compreender a diversidade da mídia televisual no contexto capitalista contemporâneo. Entre outros autores que contribuem para a discussão estão: Jean Baudrillard, Muniz Sodré, Krishan Kumar e Anthony Giddens

價值觀與生活型態是消費者從事各項消費行為的基礎，透過價值觀及生活型態可以解釋及預測消費者行為，因此對於研究消費者行為是相當重要的基礎主題之一。Rokeach (1973) 認為價值觀是一種持久的信念，這樣的信念使個人或社會對於某些特定的行為模式或是事情的結果產生偏好。Lazer (1963) 將生活型態定義為一種有特性的生活模式，代表某一個群體或社會有別於其他群體之特徵，這些特徵之差異來自於文化、價值觀及資源等綜合影響的結果。過去學者研究消費者的價值觀及生活型態時，多半以單一國家的消費者為主，雖然也有學者比較跨文化的消費者生活型態，但仍以美歐等地之研究居多。因此，本研究藉由交換至法國的機會，於當地進行消費者調查，取得第一手資料，以瞭解當地消費者生活型態及消費價值觀，並與台灣消費者進行跨文化比較。 本研究採滾雪球法抽樣，深度訪談十三位法國消費者及十九位台灣消費者。訪談內容為消費價值觀及生活型態等主題，包括工作與休閒生活、家庭及朋友關係、消費模式及金錢分配方式，並導出相關命題如：台灣人較法國人之價格敏感度高、台灣人較法國人具有品牌意識、台灣人在消費時較法國人具他人導向、台灣人較法國人具投資理財觀、台灣人較法國人重視工作所帶來的金錢滿足以及台灣人較法國人對婚姻關係有較高的期待等命題。 此外，本研究並探討消費價值觀如何具體影響消費者的生活型態及消費模式，透過本研究可發現：價格敏感度高的消費者，會隨著折扣或低價而調整其消費頻率；具他人導向的消費者會傾向購買外顯性的名牌產品，也較易受他人影響而產生衝動性消費行為。 藉由本研究可瞭解兩地消費價值觀及生活型態之差異，廠商進入兩地市場時，可參考本研究結果設計適合當地消費者之行銷策略，以期更貼近消費者需求。 / Values and lifestyles can be the foundation of most kinds of consumptions. Therefore, studying values and lifestyles is of importance for marketers to explain and predict consumers’behavior. According to Rokeach (1973), a value is defined as “an enduring belief that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence.”As for lifestyle, it is defined as“a distinctive or characteristic mode of living (Lazer, 1963). Past studies concerning values and lifestyles mostly focused consumers in one country. Even though some studies dealed with cross-cultural comparison, they usually compared two or more markets in American and European. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the lifestyles and consumption values of consumers in Taiwan and France to do a cross-cultural comparison between Taiwanese and French consumers. Thirteen French consumers and nineteen Taiwanese consumers were interviewed during this study. The interview questions were regarding to lifestyles and consumption values, such as respondents' work and leisure life, relations with family and friends, consumption patterns and the way to allocate money. Some important propositions are derived based on content analysis: Taiwanese consumers have higher price sensitivity, more brand consciousness, higher other-oriented degree and more saving and investment concept than French consumers. Besides, Taiwanese people place more importance on the salary of work and have higher expectation about marriage than French consumers. Furthermore, this study also discusses how consumption values influence consumers' lifestyles and consumption patterns. It reveals that consumers with higher price sensitivity will adjust their consumption patterns according to discount frequencies. Besides, people-oriented consumers tend to choose prestige brands and have more impulsive consumptions under the influence of friends. The findings of this reseach can provide suggestions to marketers in these two markets to develop marketing strategies corresponding with the values and lifestyles of local consumers.

中、東歐十國加入歐盟後，發展引起世界關注，而擁有最多人口的波蘭更是備受矚目；近年來波蘭中產階級增加，消費力提高，令研究者興起瞭解波蘭消費者的念頭。消費者的價值觀與生活型態會影響消費行為，對研究消費者行為是十分重要的主題。然而過去與消費者價值觀與生活型態相關的研究大多以單一國家之消費者為主，跨文化比較以歐美研究為多，故研究者利用到波蘭交換的機會，進行消費者生活型態與消費價值觀之調查研究，以取得第一手資料，然後與台灣消費者作比較。 本研究以滾雪球法進行抽樣，深度訪談15位波蘭消費者與19位台灣消費者。訪談內容涵蓋生活型態與消費價值觀各面向，經過分析後發現兩地消費者於金錢配置、儲蓄理財觀、信用卡使用習慣、價格取向、他人導向、品牌觀、服飾消費模式、婚姻觀、家庭觀、工作觀、宗教觀、環保觀、助人觀等方面的差異，並推導出相關命題，如：台灣消費者的價格敏感度和他人導向程度較波蘭消費者高；台灣人和波蘭人相比，與原生家庭的關係較為密切、對婚姻關係也有較高的期待，並且更具環保概念等。 除此之外，本研究也探究消費價值觀、生活型態及消費行為間的關係。本研究發現價格敏感度高的消費者傾向選擇於較便宜的通路，以及在特價的時候購物，消費次數較一般人來得少，也少有衝動性消費與犒賞自己的行為產生，而且消費時不太在意品牌，通常是購買平價的品牌；然而注重價格之餘，這些消費者也會注意商品的質感，不希望別人發現該商品很廉價。另外，具環保觀念的人，傾向有需要才購物；在衣著方面，購買次數不多，且重視品質、材質與持久性，不願買路邊攤，但也不會買很貴品牌的服飾，也不會跟隨潮流；而這些具環保理念的人與其他人相比，較注重健康或養生。 本研究結果在學術上有助於拓展國內碩士論文的跨文化研究領域，以及建立跨文化消費價值觀與生活型態之訪談大綱；在實務方面，能夠提供欲進入兩地市場的廠商一些開發市場與行銷策略的建議。 / Central and Eastern European countries have attracted worldwide attention since 10 Central and Eastern European countries joined the European Union. Among these countries, Poland, the country with the largest population among these nations, gains the most attention. In recent years, the middle class in Poland has increased, and consumer purchasing power has enhanced. These have raised more and more researchers’ interests to investigate Poland consumer’s bevaviors. Values and lifestyles affect consumer behavior. Therefore, Values and lifestyles are important subjects in consumer behavior research. However, past studies concerning values and lifestyles mostly focused on consumers in a single country. Furthermore, the literature about cross-cultural comparative analysis emphasizes on comparing more than two markets in American as well as those in Europe. Thus, this study aims to compare the lifestyles and consumption values between Taiwanese and Polish consumers. This study uses snow ball method to find appropriate samples. 15 Polish respondents and 19 Taiwanese respondents were interviewed in this study. The interview covers various aspects with regards to lifestyles and consumption values. The results showed that there are differences between Polish and Taiwanese consumers in money arrangement, credit card usage, clothing consumption patterns, brand perception and so on. Besides, some propositions that are derived from content analysis include: Taiwanese consumers are more price sensitive and other-oriented, and have higher expectations about marriage, closer relationships with their family of origin, and are more conscious about environmental protection than Polish consumers. This study also discusses the relationship among consumption values, lifestyles and consumer behavior. It reveals that consumers with higher price sensitivity prefer to make purchases in places that sell cheaper things, and in stores with discounts. They expend less frequently than most people, and seldom have impulsive consumption behaviors or reward themselves. They do not really care about brands and usually buy cheap brands. Furthermore, people who are environmentally friendly tend to go shopping only when they have actual needs. In clothing aspect, they do not buy frequently, and put emphasis on quality, material and persistence. They are not willing to buy clothes from street vendors, but they also do not buy from expensive brands. Moreover, they do not follow the trend. Compared with others, they pay more attention to keep their health well. This study helps to expand the domain of cross-cultural research and develops an interview outline for cross-cultural consumer values and lifestyles. More importantly, this study provides some suggestion to those who are willing to enter Taiwanese or Polish markets.

This study aims to analyze how industrial design as a profession and discipline has been presented to the public in Turkey. The object of the study is constituted by the popular home style magazines which increased rapidly in number through the dynamics of the post-1980 period. These publications have been inspected in the scope of the research and their in constructing and shaping public awareness about design culture has been the focus of the study. The main theme of the thesis is focused on the analysis of Turkish social values which changed after the 1980s and on how the magazines handled the subject of design, and the qualities which they highlighted in the presentation of the products. In addition, the roles which were ascribed to design and to the designers in terms of the newly calibrated consumption values, have also been discussed. The socio-political and economic transformations of the post-1980 period constitute the contextual framework of the thesis.

[pt] O surgimento das fintechs tem promovido intensa mudança na relação entre instituições financeiras e clientes, com destaque para consumidores de baixa renda, que representam parcela relevante do consumo de serviços bancários. Neste contexto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar os valores que motivam consumidores de baixa renda a aderirem a contas digitais e cartões de crédito de fintechs. Para tanto, foi realizada pesquisa qualitativa exploratória com dados coletados em 15 entrevistas individuais, junto a consumidores residentes no Rio de Janeiro, com renda de até 2.000,00 reais. Os dados foram analisados por meio de técnicas de análise de conteúdo, bem como a partir da axiologia de consumo de Floch (1990), desenvolvida no contexto teórico da semiótica discursiva de linha francesa. Os resultados indicam a coexistência de valores práticos, críticos e utópicos nos discursos dos consumidores. Os resultados deste estudo apontam para diversas implicações gerenciais, que podem orientar gestores de fintechs que pretendem adaptar ou criar soluções para atender o público de baixa renda, com destaque para a disponibilidade de crédito, humanização do suporte e canais de atendimento, investimento em propaganda boca-a-boca e em influenciadores digitais e locais e aumento da percepção de solidez e segurança. / [en] The emergence of fintech has promoted an intense change in the relationship between financial institutions and customers, with emphasis on low-income consumers who represent relevant participation in the consumption of banking services. In this context, this study aims to identify the values that motivate low-income consumers to join digital accounts and credit cards from fintech. To this end, exploratory qualitative research was carried out with data collected in 15 individual interviews, with consumers residing in Rio de Janeiro, with an income of up to 2,000.00 reais. The data were analyzed using content analysis techniques, as well as from the axiology of consumption by Floch (1990), developed in the theoretical context of the French discursive semiotics. The results indicate the coexistence of practical, critical, and utopian values in the discourse of consumers. The results of this study point to several managerial implications that can guide managers of fintech that intend to adapt or create solutions to serve the low-income public, with emphasis on credit availability, humanization of support and service channels, investment in word-of-mouth advertising and digital and local influencers, and increase the perception of solidity and security.