Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T17:40:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo7638_1.pdf: 2666085 bytes, checksum: cf7918ad2c4acff3972a47087df1ab2a (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Este trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo do processo de controle da velocidade para a moagem em moinho de bolas através da utilização de um inversor de freqüência controlado pelo hardware Compact Fieldpoint e pelo software LabVIEW, com interesse em realizar o controle do processo de moagem para alcançar uma condição otimizada de operação. Para isso, foi estudado um sistema de controle baseado na tecnologia do software LabVIEW da National Instruments. Com o sistema de controle desenvolvido foi avaliada a performance do aplicativo criado no ambiente de programação G, linguagem de programação do LabVIEW, para controle de velocidade no processo de moagem. A utilização de inversor de freqüência conectado e controlado pelo Compact Fieldpoint possibilitou gerar combinações de diferentes velocidades com diferentes condições de preenchimento do moinho, avaliando assim a moagem para cada uma das condições operacionais e determinando os pontos de ocorrência de deslizamento, efeito cascata, e efeito da aceleração (ou força) centrífuga. Aliado a capacidade de interface do software LabVIEW, que possibilita a visualização do processo de forma gráfica com semelhança dos painéis e controles virtuais ao sistema físico, torna a migração para um sistema de controle baseado em computadores uma boa alternativa para melhorias dos processos de fabricação, em especial o processo de moagem em moinho de bolas

With the fast development in industry and commerce in Taiwan in recent years, a great deal of waste is called into being. Because the waste yards in every region reach saturation sequentially, it has become the domestic trend to build recycling plants in order to properly cope with the garbage problems. However, the conventional way the government puts up capital to build public works has to be confronted with adjustment owe of the governmental functions and the limits in finance. Therefore, privatizing the public works to introduce the non-governmental flexible operating methods and getting abundant capital to speed up the establishment of recycling plants and efficient operating goals have become the new critical points of public works in governmental environmental protection. The establishment of recycling plants takes a large number of funds and long period, during which there are many variables and high risk, and the main consideration of BOT invested by private enterprises is the rate of return on investment, so private enterprises have to study and analyze very carefully and map out the investment policies about how to carry out an investment evaluation and how to minimize or circumvent all kinds of risks in the executive process. Aimed at BOT¡¦s special properties of recycling plants, this research adopts the cash flow analysis and probes into the financial projects and risk control to provide the reference materials to factory owners who are interested in BOT and also the consideration of amending the BOT-related provisions to the relevant departments in government.

Virtual reality (VR) technology has amazed us with its capability of blurring the boundary between real and virtual; it tricks our minds into believing that what we experience is real. This technology is used for entertainment and various applications such as rehabilitation, immersive training, 3D design, etc. However, navigating the VR world remains a significant issue that has yet to be solved. In VR, we often rely on controllers or joysticks to traverse the virtual world. VR navigation with joysticks creates a discrepancy between the visual and bodily senses, which creates extra cognitive load and other problems, such as VR motion sickness, which limit the long-term use of VR applications and prevent it from being widely adopted. Walking is the most common task that we perform every day; it is the most intuitive way of navigation and is desirable to be implemented in VR. This dissertation details the development of a device that enables walking in VR and allows users to experience different terrains. Researchers and companies have pulled off endeavors to enable locomotion in VR; some even achieved commercial success, like the Omni One or KAT VR treadmill. Still, most devices are limited in simulating flat-ground walking without the capability of displaying any terrain, which is far from our living environments and restricts its usage. Our living surroundings feature stairs, bumps, and slopes that those devices can not render. Furthermore, VR can be desirable in hazardous reaction training, which is often situated in highly unstructured environments. Being able to simulate various terrains not only enhances VR immersion but also extends its usage for simulating multiple scenarios that could require extensive cost to construct. This document presents the design, build, control, and evaluation of a robotic locomotion interface that aims to display computer-generated terrains, allowing realistic lower-body engagement. The device features a novel, compact design that allows it to be available in space-constrained places like rehabilitation clinics or smaller labs. It uses design guidelines derived from motion capture data with dynamic simulation to align the robot and human workspace. After that, the system framework is addressed from both hardware and software aspects. This device features open-source Institute for Human and Machine Cognition (IHMC) software integrated with the Simple Open Source EtherCAT Master (SOEM) library to execute real-time EtherCAT communication. An admittance controller has been implemented to achieve smooth physical human-robot interaction (pHRI), governing the robot motion according to user input force. This work presents measurements to evaluate the system's performance. The document presents a CoM (center-of-mass) estimation algorithm that is based on LIP (linear inverted pendulum) model and ZMP (zero-moment point). And the estimation method is further validated through two applications: an initial framework of tele-locomotion and VR interaction. In the first case, it uses estimated CoM motion as a tracking reference for humanoid robots. The second application presents a framework that is able to display virtual terrain in the physical world. / Doctor of Philosophy / Virtual reality (VR) technology has shown impressive capability in convincing our minds that what we experience is real, blurring the boundary between real and virtual. This cutting-edge technology is now a cornerstone of entertainment, rehabilitation, immersive training, and product design applications. However, one major challenge remains unsolved: how we move through VR environments. Currently, most VR systems rely on controllers or joysticks for navigation. Unfortunately, this creates a disconnect between what we see and how our bodies move, leading to problems like cognitive overload and motion sickness. These issues limit how long we can use VR and its broader application. This researcher meant to explore a way to make walking a natural part of the VR experience. Walking is something we do effortlessly every day, and it is the most intuitive way to move around. Bringing this natural form of navigation into VR has the potential to significantly enhance the experience. While some devices, like the Omni One or KAT VR treadmill, have gained attention for enabling locomotion in VR, they mostly simulate flat surfaces. This falls short of replicating real-world environments, which often include stairs, slopes, and uneven terrain. Such limitations restrict VR's potential, especially for applications like emergency response training, where navigating complex environments is critical. Simulating realistic terrains could not only make VR more immersive but also open doors to training scenarios that would otherwise be expensive or unsafe to recreate. In this work, we introduce a novel robotic device that allows users to physically walk in VR and experience a variety of terrains. Compactly designed, this device is suitable for space-constrained settings like rehabilitation clinics and small research labs. It incorporates advanced motion-capture data and dynamic simulations to align human movement with the robot's workspace seamlessly. The system uses open-source IHMC software combined with a real-time EtherCAT communication framework for precise control. An admittance controller ensures smooth and responsive interaction between the user and the device. To assess its effectiveness, we developed a comprehensive evaluation framework, measuring how well the system performs and enhances the VR experience. This innovative design allows users to physically interact with computer-generated terrains, extending the possibilities of VR for research, training, and beyond. Ultimately, this work contributes to advancing VR technology, bringing us closer to making immersive, terrain-rich virtual worlds a reality.

L'obiettivo della tesi è quello di discutere i problemi di comparabilità relativi alla misurazione della criminalità contro le imprese in Europa. Per raggiungere tale obiettivo la tesi analizzerà le principali ricerche che hanno misurato la criminalità contro le imprese, nei paesi dell'Unione Europea, evidenziando le loro principali problematiche. Successivamente identificherà e analizzerà i principali fattori economico-culturali che possono maggiormente influenzare la misurazione e la comparabilità dei dati sulla criminalità contro le imprese. / The aim of this thesis is to discuss the problem of comparability related to the measurement of crime against business at European level. The research objective will be achieved by firstly analysing and discussing the properties of existing experiences which were developed to measure crime against business in the EU. Secondly, the thesis will examine the most important cultural and economic features of European countries that may affect cross-national measurement and comparability of data on crime against businesses.

Magister Scientiae - MSc / Aggressive fiscal and monetary policies by governments of countries and central banks in developed markets could somehow push inflation to some very high level in the long run. Due to the decreasing of pension fund benefits and increasing inflation rate, pension companies are selling inflation-linked products to hedge against inflation risk. Such companies are seriously considering the possible effects of inflation volatility on their investment, and some of them tend to include inflationary allowances in the pension payment plan. In this dissertation we study the management of pension funds of the defined contribution type in the presence of inflation-recession. We study how the fund manager maximizes his fund's wealth when the salaries and stocks are affected by inflation. In this regard, we consider the case of a pension company which invests in a stock, inflation-linked bonds and a money market account, while basing its investment on the contribution of the plan member. We use a benchmarking approach and martingale methods to compute an optimal strategy which maximizes the fund wealth. / South Africa

Difficulties with emotion regulation are a core feature of anxiety disorders (ADs) in children and adults. Interventions with a specific focus on emotion regulation are gaining empirical support. Yet, no studies to date have compared the relative efficacy of such interventions to existing evidence-based treatments. Such comparisons are necessary to determine whether emotion-focused treatments might be more effective for youth exhibiting broad emotion-regulation difficulties at pretreatment. This study examined an emotion-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (ECBT) protocol in comparison to traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in a sample of children with a primary anxiety disorder diagnosis. Moderation analyses examined whether children with higher levels of emotion dysregulation at pretreatment would show greater levels of improvement in ECBT than CBT. Ninety-two youth ages 7 to 12 years (58% male) with a primary diagnosis of separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, or social phobia were included. Participants were randomly assigned to ECBT or CBT. Results showed that youth in both conditions demonstrated similar improvements in emotion regulation and that pretreatment levels of emotion dysregulation did not moderate treatment outcomes. Additional analyses showed that ECBT and CBT were similarly effective on diagnostic, severity, and improvement measures. Future work is needed to further explore the ways that emotion regulation is related to treatment outcome for anxious youth.

Oggetto della mia dissertazione sono i processi matrimoniali della parte italiana della diocesi di Trento, prodotti dal tribunale ecclesiastico matrimoniale locale dal 1857 al 1868 e sedimentatisi nell’omonimo fondo archivistico dell’Archivio Diocesano Tridentino. Loro presupposto è la stipula, nel 1855, del Concordato tra Chiesa cattolica e Impero asburgico, nel quale rientrava anche la diocesi di Trento, che sancì nuovi equilibri nelle relazioni tra le due istituzioni e il passaggio alla giurisdizione ecclesiastica della materia matrimoniale, che dal 1857 sarebbe stata sottoposta al giudizio degli appositi tribunali ecclesiastici. La ricerca si concentra così sul periodo intercorrente tra il 1857, anno di inizio di attività anche per il tribunale tridentino, e il 1868, quando si assistette a un cambiamento nella politica religiosa austriaca col ritorno in mano secolare della gestione della disciplina nuziale. Cuore del progetto sono dunque i procedimenti matrimoniali. Questa tipologia documentaria è stata oggetto di indagini ampie e varie per approcci e metodologie, fra storia giuridica, istituzionale, sociale, economica, di genere, ma con principale attenzione per l’età moderna. Un interesse che solo in tempi recenti si sta estendendo anche alla documentazione ottocentesca. Il mio lavoro si inserisce in questo indirizzo, con l’intenzione di portare alla luce un oggetto pressoché sconosciuto nelle sue peculiarità spazio-temporali. Il fondo “Tribunale ecclesiastico matrimoniale” e il suo ente produttore, infatti, non hanno ancora trovato spazio in storiografia. La condizione di trovarsi ad operare entro un terreno documentario vergine, e dunque non indagato nemmeno nei suoi cardini istituzionali e giuridici, quindi archivistici, mi ha spinto ad impostare il lavoro su più livelli analitici, con una duplice finalità. In primo luogo, ho inteso produrre uno scavo nella storia interna del tribunale come istituzione, con le sue premesse politiche e le sue fondamenta normative, e dei processi nei loro aspetti teorici e pratici. In secondo luogo, il mio intento è stato indagare la storia esterna al tribunale, ovvero alcuni scenari della realtà sociale, culturale e antropologica del Trentino di metà Ottocento che irrompono in aula con la loro vitalità e complessità. Sebbene tra storia interna e storia esterna vi siano un fitto dialogo e una significativa interdipendenza, ho concretizzato questi propositi in un’elaborazione costituita da quattro parti, di cui le prime tre concernenti la storia interna e l’ultima quella esterna. La prima ricostruisce le vicende istituzionali dell’Impero asburgico e del Trentino ottocentesco, con specifica attenzione per gli sviluppi della normativa e della gestione della disciplina matrimoniale tra potere ecclesiastico e secolare. Nella seconda parte esamino il tribunale locale, soffermandomi sulla sua storia, sulla sua composizione, sulla prosopografia dei suoi componenti e sui criteri della loro nomina. Si indagano inoltre i rapporti intessuti dal foro con le autorità secolari durante il periodo di vigenza del Concordato e le sfere di competenza sul matrimonio tra foro ecclesiastico e civile. L’approfondimento della fisionomia del fondo archivistico, in relazione ai meccanismi di funzionamento dell’ente produttore, e l’esame della procedura delle diverse categorie processuali, nel rapporto tra norme e prassi, compone la terza parte. Infine, la quarta parte, il fulcro della mia ricerca: in essa si svolge la disamina di alcuni processi scelti secondo un’organizzazione problematica e tematica, privilegiando lo studio del singolo caso al fine di scandagliare col maggior dettaglio possibile i numerosi risvolti delle vicende processuali. Gli argomenti affrontati sono: la pazzia, nelle sue pieghe sia procedurali sia extragiudiziarie sociali, culturali e mediche; il magnetismo animale, nella specificità del contesto giudiziario e socio-culturale in cui trova espressione; la violenza contro le donne, con l’esame delle sue narrazioni giudiziarie offerte dai vari attori coinvolti nei processi, a partire dai contendenti fino ai membri delle comunità e alle autorità secolari ed ecclesiastiche.

Orientador: Antonio de Padua Pithon Cyrino / Resumo: Introdução: o diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM 2) é caracterizado como um problema de saúde pública que exige políticas públicas que facilitem o acesso aos serviços de saúde e que estes atuem de forma efetiva na atenção a estas condições. Neste sentido, a Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) apresenta-se como estratégia fundamental. É nesse contexto, que o “Questionário de Avaliação e Monitoramento de Serviços de Atenção Básica” - QualiAB coloca-se como ferramenta avaliativa dos serviços de APS e pode ser instrumento de direcionamento tanto para equipes das unidades de saúde quanto para as gestões municipais. Objetivo: avaliar a organização da atenção à saúde de pessoas com DM 2 em serviços de APS de uma Região de Saúde do interior do estado de São Paulo. Materiais e Métodos: estudo avaliativo, quantitativo, transversal e descritivo. Os indicadores que foram analisados são provenientes do banco de respostas do questionário QualiAB aplicado em serviços de APS, em 2017, dos municípios da região de saúde de Araras que aderiram a pesquisa (Santa Cruz da Conceição, Leme, Conchal e Araras). Resultados: a organização da atenção à saúde de pessoas com DM 2 prestada pelos serviços de APS da região de saúde de Araras, está ainda distante do que é considerado desejável. Identificou-se pouco desenvolvimento de ações de educação e de promoção à saúde, recomendando-se que tais práticas sejam ampliadas baseado em conhecimento já disponível em políticas públicas e recomendações vigentes no país / Abstract: Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM 2) is characterized as a public health problem that requires public policies that facilitate access to health services and that they act effectively in the care of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Primary Health Care (PHC) is presented as a fundamental strategy. It is in this context that the “Questionnaire for Evaluation and Monitoring of Primary Care Services” - QualiAB stands as an evaluation tool for PHC services and can be a guiding instrument for both health unit teams and municipal administrations. Objective: To evaluate the organization of health care for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in PHC services in a health region in the interior of the state of São Paulo. Materials and Methods: evaluative, quantitative, crosssectional and descriptive study. The indicators that were analyzed come from the QualiAB questionnaire answers database applied in Primary Health Care services in 2017, from the municipalities of the Araras health region that joined the survey (Santa Cruz da Conceição, Leme, Conchal and Araras). Results: the organization of health care for people with DM 2 provided by PHC services in the Araras health region are still far from those considered desirable. Little development of education and health promotion actions was identified, recommending that such practices be expanded based on knowledge already available in public policies and recommendations in force in the country. / Mestre

A prolonged siting controversy for a uranium enrichment facility has occurred in the Town of Unicoi, Tennessee. One hundred-seventy residents of Unicoi were interviewed using a questionnaire regarding the building of a proposed uranium enrichment facility for Unicoi. The questionnaire sought to determine relationships between residents’ risk perceptions and 18 variables. When the Fisher’s exact procedure was applied at α< 0.05, the results indicated several associations. Odds ratio measured the strength of association. Results are reported as crude measures of association. Risk perceptions were influenced by the choice of possible locations for the facility [p=0.0003; OR=32.6]. Residents' risk perceptions were associated with a history of working with nuclear materials [p=0.0476; OR=3.2]. Finally, risk perceptions were associated with residents' beliefs that the nuclear facility would affect their health [p=0.0001; OR=18.8]. These results are discussed in light of risk perception and communication theories.

Os objetivos deste trabalho com Mahanarva fimbriolata foram estudar a influência de fatores abióticos (temperatura, umidade e fotoperíodo) sobre sua biologia, avaliar a flutuação populacional, sistema de amostragem de ninfas e adultos e os métodos de controle, biológico com o fungo Metarhizium anisopliae, químico com thiamethoxam (Actara® 250WG) e por resistência varietal. As condições térmicas influem na duração das fases do ciclo, não havendo desenvolvimento embrionário a 32°C. As temperaturas constantes de 30 e 32°C são letais para ninfas, sendo 25°C a temperatura ideal. Os limites térmicos inferiores de desenvolvimento e as constantes térmicas são 11,2°C e 318,2 graus-dias para a fase de ovo e 11,8°C e 468,0 graus-dias para a fase de ninfa. Condições térmicas flutuantes influem na duração das fases do inseto, mas não são letais a nenhuma delas. A umidade influi na duração e viabilidade do período embrionário. O menor período ocorre na umidade de contato, seguido pela UR de 100%. Nas UR de 80, 60 e 40%, não há desenvolvimento embrionário. Ovos expostos a essas umidades por 120 dias e, então, submetidos à umidade de contato, continuam inviáveis ou com baixas viabilidades (9,6; 6,3 e 0%, respectivamente). Indivíduos expostos à fotofase de 10 horas colocam ovos inférteis ou em aparente diapausa. Para sugarem a seiva, as ninfas inserem os estiletes na epiderme da raiz, atravessam todo o córtex e atingem o cilindro vascular, alimentando-se no xilema e no tubo crivado do floema primário. Na lâmina foliar, os adultos introduzem os estiletes, preferencialmente, pelos estômatos, atravessam as células do parênquima clorofiliano e atingem o metaxilema nos feixes vasculares. O aparecimento da cigarrinha está condicionado ao excedente hídrico e à temperatura. É possível se amostrarem adultos, com armadilhas adesivas amarelas e determinar o momento para controlar ninfas de mesma geração. Não há diferença em relação ao número de conídios depositados por ninfa em concentrações que variam de 1,6 a 5,3; 2,9 a 4,9 e 0,7 a 3,6 conídios/ninfa, respectivamente. As maiores mortalidades acumuladas, total e confirmada, de M. fimbriolata pulverizada com M. anisopliae, oito dias após a inoculação, são constatadas na dosagem de 5,0 x 108 conídios.ml-1, sendo de 57,5 e 62,3% (total) e 42,7 e 45,2% (confirmada) com pulverização sobre ninfa e espuma, respectivamente. M. anisopliae apresenta maior potencial para controle da cigarrinha quando pulverizado sobre a ninfa ou a espuma e sem a lavagem de conídios após a aplicação. Dentre as variedades estudadas, SP81-3250 é a mais suscetível à cigarrinha, possibilitando maior longevidade de machos e fêmeas, maior período de oviposição e elevada fecundidade. A variedade RB72454 reduz em 50% a população de ninfas nas raízes. A aplicação de thiamethoxam, a 1,0 kg p.c./ha, na base das plantas, proporciona controle superior a 90% até 60 DAA e residual de 105 dias (0,02 mg.kg-1) nas raízes. A eficiência de controle na pulverização foliar diminui para 34%, 15 DAA, com resíduos de 2,61 mg.kg-1 nas raízes. Pulverizações dirigidas ao colmo apresentam resíduos inferiores a 0,02 mg.kg-1 nas raízes, sem controle da praga. / The objectives of this work were to study the influence of abiotic factors (temperature, moisture, and photoperiod) on Mahanarva fimbriolata biology, and to evaluate population fluctuation, sampling system for nymphs and adults, and biological control with the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, chemical control with thiamethoxam (Actara® 250 WG), and control by varietal resistance. The temperature conditions influence life cycle stage duration; no embryonic development is observed at 32°C. Constant temperatures of 30 and 32°C are lethal to nymphs, whereas 25°C is the ideal temperature. The lower temperature development thresholds and thermal constants are 11.2°C and 318.2 degree-days for the egg stage and 11.8°C and 468.0 degree-days for the nymphal stage. Fluctuating temperature conditions influence stage duration but are not lethal to any of the stages. Humidity influences the duration and viability of the embryonic period. The shortest period occurs at contact humidity, followed by 100% RH No embryonic development occurs at RH values of 80, 60, and 40%. Eggs exposed to these humidity values for 120 days and then submitted to contact humidity remain unviable or present low viability (9.6; 6.3, and 0%, respectively). Individuals exposed to a 10-hour photophase lay infertile or apparently-diapausing eggs. In order to suck sap, the nymphs insert their stylets into the root epidermis, passing through the entire cortex and reaching the vascular cylinder, feeding on the xylem and on the sieve tube of the primary phloem. On the leaf blade, the adults introduce their stylets preferentially through the stomata, passing through the chlorophyll-bearing parenchyma cells and reaching the metaxylem on the vascular bundles. Spittlebug occurrence is conditioned to water surplus and temperature. Adults can be sampled by means of yellow sticky traps, allowing the control of same-generation nymphs to be synchronized. There are no differences with regard to the number of conidia deposited per nymph at concentrations ranging from 1.6 to 5.3; 2.9 to 4.9; and 0.7 to 3.6 conidia/nymph, respectively. The highest cumulative, total, and confirmed mortalities of M. fimbriolata sprayed with M. anisopliae eight days after inoculation are verified at a dose of 5.0 × 108 conidia.ml-1, with values of 57.5 and 62.3% (total), and 42.7 and 45.2% (confirmed) when sprayed on the nymphs and on the spittle, respectively. M. anisopliae has a greater potential to control spittlebugs when sprayed on nymphs or on the spittle without washing off the conidia after application. Among the varieties studied, SP81-3250 is the most susceptible to the spittlebug, allowing greater longevity of males and females, a longer oviposition period, and high fecundity. Variety RB72454 reduces the nymphal population on roots by 50%. The application of thiamethoxam at 1.0 kg c.p./ha at the base of plants provides control rates higher than 90% until 60 DAA and a residual control of 105 days (0.02 mg.kg-1) on the roots. Leaf spray control effectiveness decreases to 34% at 15 DAA, with residues of 2.61 mg.kg-1 in roots. Sprays directed at the stalk show residues lower than 0.02 mg.kg-1 in roots, without controlling the pest.