In the first essay, I show that the transition to public equity markets have important implications to firms’ innovative process. To establish a causal effect of the IPO, I compare the long-run innovation of firms that completed their filing and went public with that of firms that withdrew their filing and remained private. I use NASDAQ fluctuations during the book-building period as a source of exogenous variation that affects IPO completion but is unlikely to affect long-run innovation. Using this approach, I find that the quality of internal innovation declines by 50 percent relative to firms that remained private. The decline in innovation is driven by both an exodus of skilled inventors and a decline in productivity among remaining inventors. However, going public allows firms to attract new human capital and purchase externally generated innovations through mergers and acquisitions. In the second essay, we explore the effects of private equity investments on the industries they invest at. This analysis looks across nations and industries to assess the impact of private equity on industry performance. Industries where PE funds have invested in the past five years have grown more quickly in terms of productivity and employment. It is hard to find support for claims that economic activity in industries with private equity backing is more exposed to aggregate shocks. The results using lagged private equity investments suggest that the results are not driven by reverse causality. Finally, in the third essay we model situations in which a principal offers a set of contracts to a group of agents to participate in a project. Agents’ benefits from participation depend on the identity of other participating agents. We show that when assuming multilateral externalities, the optimal contracts’ payoff relies on a ranking of the agents, which can be described as arising from a tournament among the agents. Rather than simply ranking agents according to a measure of popularity, the optimal contracting scheme makes use of a more refined two-way comparison between the agents. We derive results on the principal’s revenue extraction and the role of the level of externalities’ asymmetry. / Economics

Brandenburgische Techn. Universiẗat, Diss., 2004--Cottbus.

84 p. / Submitted by Santiago Fabio (fabio.ssantiago@hotmail.com) on 2012-12-18T19:48:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 101010.pdf: 931634 bytes, checksum: 009806e890599dc4561d15bad175f14f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-12-18T19:48:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 101010.pdf: 931634 bytes, checksum: 009806e890599dc4561d15bad175f14f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / A governança corporativa pode ser entendida como a capacidade das companhias alcançarem seus objetivos estratégicos envolvendo aspectos referentes à relação com investidores, à estrutura de gestão das companhias, aos mecanismos de gestão de riscos e transparência. Durante a crise de 2008, diversas empresas brasileiras acumularam perdas bilionárias, como resultado de uma exposição cambial elevada e de falhas na utilização dos instrumentos de gestão de riscos e governança corporativa. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar os fatores que contribuíram para que as companhias Sadia e Perdigão seguissem trajetórias distintas na crise financeira de 2008. Para compreender melhor o assunto, fez-se uma breve análise dos fundamentos da governança corporativa, das exigências das listagens da BM&F BOVESPA, dos princípios de gestão de riscos, sobretudo os financeiros, e do segmento de negócios das companhias. Para a realização desse propósito, utilizouse uma abordagem qualitativa, escolhendo-se o método do estudo de caso e recorrendo, sobretudo, à análise documental. A pesquisa identificou que a prática de gestão de riscos é fundamental na aplicação das boas práticas de governança corporativa e que, apesar das inúmeras iniciativas de diversas instituições reguladoras e auto -reguladoras em estabelecer mecanismos que garantam a boa utilização dessas práticas, o sistema ainda apresenta falhas estruturais capazes de permitir que empresas até então consideradas sólidas incorram em atividades especulativas capazes de comprometer a sua própria existência. / Salvador

Research Summary: This paper argues for, and contributes to, a stronger integration of research on finance and international business/global strategy. We perform bibliometric analysis of journal publications between 2010 and 2016 and show that papers published in the two domains relate to very different underlying literatures which, so far, have had a limited overlap. We further argue based on a qualitative review of the literature that both fields offer substantial novel perspectives, models, and theories to each other that have the potential to enrich our theoretical understanding of relevant research questions in both domains. We map various pathways for further integration of international business/global strategy and finance fields and discuss different ways how to better connect the two fields and their different research perspectives and research methodologies. Managerial Summary: In this paper we, first, find that publications from the field of finance and from the area of international business/global strategy relate to very different literatures. Second, we show that both fields would indeed offer substantial and relevant novel perspectives to each other. Third, we develop various pathways for a more intense integration of both literatures. Given the relevance of both international business/global strategy and finance perspectives for business practice, we strongly believe that a more intense integration also bears substantial implications for managers. This is as much of the knowledge developed in international business/global strategy and finance did not fully transfer into the respective other field.

Orientador: Daniela Magalhães Prates / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T17:19:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Filleti_JulianadePaula_D.pdf: 1167993 bytes, checksum: 85acb0faad32c2641d515410def90883 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Esta tese tem como principal objetivo analisar as fontes de financiamento das empresas não financeiras de capital aberto no Brasil no período de 2003 a 2008 a partir de uma nova abordagem econométrica, denominada de regressão linear quantílica. Esta metodologia é proposta por se adequar melhor ao problema em questão sob dois aspectos. O primeiro deles, denominado de econômico, é a sua capacidade de detectar a heterogeneidade estrutural presente na questão do financiamento ao se tratar de diferentes empresas, sem a influência externa do pesquisador. O segundo, econométrico, se deve à robustez do método a desvios das hipóteses iniciais, tais como a suposição de normalidade dos resíduos. Para tal são construídos três indicadores de fontes de financiamento (autofinanciamento, financiamento externo via endividamento e financiamento externo via emissão acionária), assim como quatro variáveis consideradas como relevantes para a tomada de decisão de investimento: tamanho da empresa, intensidade de capital, lucratividade e crescimento médio anual. No modelo econométrico elaborado, os indicadores de financiamento são as chamadas "variáveis respostas" e as demais são variáveis explicativas de modelos de regressão. Antes de apresentar este modelo, realiza-se uma resenha bibliográfica da literatura teórica sobre o tema e da literatura empírica aplicada ao caso brasileiro e estimam-se modelos de mínimos quadrados corrigidos para a heterocedasticidade para cada uma destas regressões. Estes modelos constituem a metodologia tradicional encontrada na literatura e servem de base de comparação para a análise realizada a posteriori / Abstract: The mainly objective of this thesis is to analyze the finance sources for Brazilian's open capital non-financial enterprises between 2003 and 2008 from a new econometric approach, named quantile linear regression. This methodology is proposed because it fits better to this issue in two ways. First, the economic motive, is explained by the ability of this model to deal with the structural heterogeneity inside the financial question, when dealing with different enterprises, without the researcher's influence. Secondly, the econometric motive, is due to the robustness of the methodology to small switches from initial hypothesis, such as the error normality supposition. For this, three indicators of financing sources are built (named auto financing, outer financing via debt and outer financing via equity), just as four variables considered as relevant to the investment decision process: enterprise size, capital intensity, profitability and median annual growth. In the econometric model developed, each of the financial indicators is considered as "response variables" and the others as explanatory variables of the regression models. Before presenting this model, we carried out a bibliography review of the theoretical literature on the subject and the empirical literature applied to the Brazilian case and estimate models of least squares corrected to heteroscedasticity for each regression. These models are the methods found in literature and serve as a basis of comparison for the subsequent analysis / Doutorado / Teoria Economica / Doutor em Ciências Econômicas

Deux types de motivations ont été identifié liées au comportement de surinvestissement : le conflit d’agence (Jensen, 1986) et la surconfiance (Heaton, 2002). Si la littérature sur le lien entre surconfiance et surinvestissement examine une de ces motivations, au sujet de surinvestissement liées au problème d’agence, la littérature existante se concentre sur les caractéristiques financières des entreprises et mécanismes de contrôle pour expliquer le phénomène. Cependant, ces facteurs n’influencent l’acte de surinvestir qu’indirectement, via l’opportunité de surinvestir. En nous appuyant sur la littérature, nous pouvons établir que la culture influence l’opportunité de surinvestir selon l’environnement institutionnel dans lequel s’inscrit l’entreprise et certaines techniques utilisées pour atténuer le surinvestissement au niveau de l’entreprise. Nous avançons que la culture exerce une influence plus directe sur le surinvestissement, en affectant les décisions des gestionnaires de passer de l’opportunité à l’acte de surinvestir. Pour empiriquement vérifier notre proposition nous avons construit un échantillon de 1 550 sociétés surinvestisseur potentielles, qui sont cotées et ne sont pas engagé dans le secteur financier, de 36 pays pour la période comprise entre 2001 et 2011. Nous trouvons qu’un haut niveau de Masculinité et l’Évitement-Incertitude conduisent à un surinvestissement exacerbé. Nous considérons que nos résultats accroissent notre compréhension des facteurs comportementales de surinvestissement, et soutiennent dans une certaine mesure la vue que la théorie de l’agence n’est pas entièrement transférable entre les cultures. / Two behavioral motivations have been identified for overinvestment: agency conflict (Jensen, 1986) and overconfidence (Heaton, 2002). While the literature on overconfidence and overinvestment studies one of these motivations, with regards to agency related overinvestment, extant literature tends to focus on financial characteristics and control mechanisms to explain the phenomenon. However, such factors influence the act of overinvestment only indirectly through affecting the opportunity to overinvest. Based on literature we can establish that culture influences the opportunity to overinvest through the institutional environment in which the company operates, and the cultural influence on some of the techniques used to mitigate overinvestment at the company level. We posit that culture exerts a more direct influence on overinvestment in affecting management’s decisions to move from the opportunity to the act of overinvestment in capital expenditures. To empirically verify our assertion we construct a sample of 1,550 quoted, non-financial, potential overinvestor firms from 36 countries for the period between 2001 and 2011. We find that higher masculinity and uncertainty avoidance in a culture leads to more overinvestment. We believe that our findings, besides advancing understanding of the behavioral drivers of overinvestment, lend support to those who question the cross-cultural transferability of agency theory.

Diplomova praca analyzuje teorii fúzí a akvizic. V prvních kapitolách se práce zaměřuje na problematiku fúzí z hlediska Corporate finance. Věnuje se přátelským a nepřátelským převzetím, jednotlivým typům fúzí a akvizic, typům investorů a důvodům proč k fúzím vlastně dochází. V dalších kapitolách se práce zabývá finančním due diligence s důrazem na pohled finančních manažerů, nebo investorů stojících na straně kupujícího (buy side).

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(地域研究) / 甲第22674号 / 地博第276号 / 新制||地||105(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科東南アジア地域研究専攻 / (主査)教授 三重野 文晴, 教授 高橋 基樹, 准教授 町北 朋洋 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Area Studies / Kyoto University / DGAM

Actualmente el Estado Peruano a través de PROINVERSION promueven las Asociaciones Publico Privadas (APP) para la ejecución de proyectos con el apoyo del sector privado. Estos tipos de proyectos son promovidos en el sector privado a través de Iniciativas Privadas Autofinanciadas (IPA) o Iniciativas Privadas Cofinanciadas (IPC). Asimismo, para ser ejecutadas correctamente y además sean atractivas para el sector privado deben contar con un eficiente modelo de financiamiento; en el caso de las APP contamos con: Pago por disponibilidad y Pago por hitos. Es por estas iniciativas privadas, que este año el Estado Peruano ha adjudicado la buena pro del proyecto PTAR TITICACA. Este proyecto es un sistema para tratar las aguas residuales antes que lleguen al Lago Titicaca y lo contaminen. El consorcio FYPASA ha ganado el concurso y operará Plantas de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales en 10 provincias que están alrededor del Lago. Este proyecto ha tenido como condición en licitación que el mecanismo de pago sea pago por hitos, por ello, esta investigación busca realizar la comparación de ambos tipos de mecanismos de pago con la finalidad de conocer los resultados para ambos casos y que beneficios presentan para el sector privado. / Currently, the Peruvian State through PROINVERSION promotes Public Private Partnership (PPPs) for the execution of projects with the support of the private sector. These types of projects are promoted in the private sector through Self-Financed Private Initiatives (IPA) or Co-Financed Private Initiatives (IPC). Also, to be executed correctly and also be attractive to the private sector, they must have an efficient financing model; in the case of PPPs we have: Availability Payments and Milestone Payments. It is for these private initiatives; the current year the Peruvian State has approved PTAR TITICACA project. This project is a system to treat wastewater before it reaches Lake Titicaca and contaminate it. The FYPASA consortium has won the contest and will operate Wastewater Treatment Plants in 10 provinces that are around the Lake. This project has had as a condition in tender that the payment mechanism is Milestones Payments, therefore, this research seeks to make the comparison of both types of payment mechanisms in order to know the results for both cases and what benefits they present for the private sector. / Trabajo de investigación

This thesis examines if the correlations between equity sectors have increased over time, mitigating sector diversification. Investors and other financial enthusiasts have started to believe that sector diversification is not a useful investment strategy. To investigate whether correlations among the sectors are rising, this study analyzes numerous aspects regarding sector diversification. Twenty years of monthly sector returns are used to determine whether correlations among the sectors are increasing. Also, the analyzation of sector movement during up and down periods of the market is addressed within the thesis. This study finds that the majority of the sectors move together in times of a financial crisis, like the 2007-2008 market crash. Thus, when sector diversification is most needed, it often fails during times of strife. Furthermore, the study analyzes how the majority of the sectors tend to not move with the market over the twenty-year period. Results suggest the correlations between the sectors have not become closer contrary to popular belief. The importance and usefulness of sector diversification when investing is validated by this study’s results.