O presente estudo consiste na análise e na interpretação crítica do texto teatral A Viagem Camões Poeta prático, de autoria do encenador e dramaturgo português Helder Costa, sob a óptica do emprego de recursos intertextuais como a paródia, a paráfrase e a estilização, que compõem o tecido textual, que traz à baila episódios da história lusitana, trajados em novas roupagens, distintas, sob diversos aspectos, daquelas que predominam no imaginário coletivo luso. A partir da visão brechtiana de teatro, de que a função social dessa arte reside, em grande medida, em despertar a consciência popular para a situação do presente por meio da reflexão sobre o passado, o texto teatral, objeto da presente pesquisa, estabelece diálogo entre o pretérito áureo das expansões marítimas e o contexto de escrita da peça, logo após o término da ditadura salazarista. Outro enfoque desse trabalho é o atrito gerado a partir do emprego da metaficção historiográfica no preenchimento das lacunas deixadas pelos incontestáveis fatos históricos (mote para a escrita da peça teatral de Helder Costa), que são ficcionalizados de modo a evidenciar questões acerca da arbitrariedade das fronteiras entre Literatura e História. Observa-se, ora no plano macro, ora no plano micro, que a peça de Helder Costa configura-se como uma proposta de revisão da essência saudosista do ser português. / This study consists in the analysis and the critical interpretation of the theatrical text A Viagem Camões Poeta prático (The Journey Camões Practical poet), written by the Portuguese director and playwright Helder Costa, from the perspective of the employment of intertextual features such as parody, paraphrase and styling, which compose the textual content, which narrates episodes of the Portuguese history, repackaged, different in several respects from those that predominate in the Portuguese collective imagination. Based on the perspective of the Brechtian theater, that the social function of this art largely lies in the awakening of the popular awareness of the present through a reflection about the past, the theatrical text, object of this research, establishes a dialogue between the golden past of the maritime expansions and the context of the period in which the play was written, soon after the end of Salazars dictatorship. Another focus of this work is the friction generated from the use of historiographical metafiction in filling the gaps left by the incontrovertible historical facts (a motto for the writing of Helder Costas play), which are fictionalized in order to highlight questions regarding the arbitrariness of the borders between Literature and History. It can be observed, both in the macro and in the micro plan, that Helder Costas play is configured as a proposal to revise the nostalgic essence of the Portuguese being.

A cultura brasileira dos anos 20 aos 60 do século XX foi movida em grande parte pelo desejo de equacionar a nação na perspectiva de uma original combinação entre erudito e popular. Tendo como pressuposto os dilemas culturais trazidos pela modernidade em solo brasileiro, o presente trabalho pontua a relação entre o espaço natural brasileiro e os questionamentos acerca das esferas culturais e civilizatórias nele contidos. Pretende-se discutir conceitos e procedimentos aceitos no campo da arquitetura, relativos aos termos como paisagem, natureza, cultura, tradição e modernidade, que estão no bojo da experiência cultural nos Trópicos. Tendo em vista que a escala do espaço natural é traço diferencial inequívoco da cultura arquitetônica moderna brasileira que se desdobra via Rio de Janeiro, procura-se compreender o modo como Lucio Costa problematizou a relação entre construção e natureza frente à escala do território. Numa esfera social ampla, seria preciso esperar por Brasília para que a produção técnica pudesse representar a civilização dos trópicos, perante aos amplos espaços vazios do planalto central do país. / The Brazilian culture from 20s until 60s of the XX century was specially moved by the desire of setting out the nation on a perspective of an original combination between the erudite and the popular. It has the presupposition of the cultural dilemma brought by the modernity in Brazilian ground, the present research focus on the relation between the Brazilian natural space and the questionings about the cultural and civilization spheres on it involved. This intends to discuss accepted concepts and procedures on the architecture field, related to the terms as landscape, nature, culture, tradition and modernity, which are in the head of the cultural experience of tropics. Considering that the natural space scale is an undoubted differential trait of the culture of the Brazilian modern architecture that is proved by Rio de Janeiro, we aim to comprehend the way how Lúcio Costa analyses and questions the relation between the construction and nature facing the scale of the territory. In a wise social sphere, it would be necessary waiting for Brasilia, so the technical production could represent the civilization of the tropics, considering the wise empty spaces of the Central Plateau of the country.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho propõe apresentar o tipo de sociabilidade maçônica idealizada por Hipólito José da Costa, redator do Correio Braziliense (1808-1822), pioneiro da imprensa brasileira, apesar de não ser um reconhecimento unânime. Dessa forma será enfatizado à trajetória de vida de Hipólito e as muitas memórias construídas por seus biógrafos, que trazem à luz as dubiedades que cercam a figura do redator luso-brasileiro. Algumas interpretações que abordam as inúmeras facetas de Hipólito estarão presentes neste estudo, sobretudo, a sua faceta maçônica. Assim, com o objetivo de analisar a sociabilidade maçônica defendida e propagada por Hipólito da Costa, tomarei como base o discurso do redator registrado não só no Correio, mas também no Diário da minha viagem para Filadélfia, na Narrativa da Perseguição e nas Cartas sobre a Framaçonaria, obras que revelam a concepção de Maçonaria adotada por Hipólito: uma sociedade de homens virtuosos, cujo fim é fazer bem às famílias consternadas. / This paper proposes to present the kind of masonic sociability designed by Hipólito José da Costa, editor of the Correio Braziliense (1808-1822), pioneer of the Brazilian press, although not a unanimous recognition. Thus is emphasized the life trajectory of Hipólito and the memories built by his biographers, that bring to light the contradictions surrounding the figure of the writer. Some interpretations that address the many facets of Hipólito will be present in this study, especially about his masonic facet. Thus, in order to analyze the Masonic sociability defended and propagated by Hipólito da Costa, I will build on the speech of the writer not only in registered in the Correio, but also in the Diário da minha viagem para Filadélfia, in the Narrativa da Perseguição e in the Cartas sobre a Framaçonaria, works that reveal the design of Freemasonry adopted by Hipólito: a society of virtuous men, whose purpose is to do good to needy families.

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The corvina reina (Cynoscion albus) is an important part of the artisanal fishery in the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica. Stock assessment on this sciaenid species has been restricted to the use of length-based methods because of the lack of age data. Direct age determination methodologies for tropical species often encounter serious difficulties such as poorly defined hyaline and opaque zones and lack of adequate techniques of ageing. This thesis presents the results of an age-determination study of Cynoscion albus based on otolith surface readings and microincrement analysis. Age estimates were obtained from counts of hyaline zones from surface readings using the light microscope and from microincrement readings from cross sections of the otolith using the scanning electron microscope. Validation of age estimates from surface readings was based on a linear regression of the age estimates from surface readings on age estimates from integrated daily increment readings. Growth of the otolith was studied using linear and multivariate regression methods and the results were used to construct multivariate models for prediction of age. Consistent estimates of age and fish growth parameters were obtained from surface and microincrement analysis. This study showed that Cynoscion albus is a slow-growing fish (K = 0.121) and reaches a large size (L∞ = 127.5 cm) and therefore is likely to suffer overfishing in the Gulf of Nicoya fishery. / Graduation date: 1993

The advent of Global Positioning System (GPS) has revolutionized geodesy with high accuracy, fast speed, simple use, and low cost. This dissertation investigates three topics on volcano and earthquake-related deformation using GPS measurements and models to demonstrate the power of the new generation of geodetic methods. The three topics include the 2002-2003 continued episodic inflation at Long Valley Caldera in eastern California, the coseismic and postseismic response of the energetic 2008 MW 6.4 Achaia-Elia Earthquake in northwest Peloponnese, Greece, and the interseismic megathrust coupling and forearc sliver transport near the Nicoya Peninsula in northwest Costa Rica.

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The relative importance of local, regional and historical processes to patterns of distribution and diversity of lower Mesoamerican (Panama and Costa Rica, LMA) freshwater fishes are examined at two different spatial scales. Biogeographic patterns of LMA freshwater fish communities at the spatial extent of LMA indicate that biological differences among species as well as regional and historical processes are quintessential to explaining the patters of turnover of community composition and species richness across the LMA Isthmus. The study of LMA freshwater fishes permits the inference that ecological interactions among species are not independent of a region's history, suggesting that regional and historical processes probably play an ongoing role in the maintenance of LMA freshwater fish communities. In addition, the study of the natural experiment of the Panama Canal provides a clear demonstration that dispersal, rather than local deterministic processes such as competition and predation, previously set the upper limit of the number of fish species coexisting in local communities. Comparisons of species inventories established prior to Canal construction with contemporary species lists demonstrates a large net increase in species richness of local communities, suggesting that the local communities of the Panama Canal watershed were not saturated.

Attitudes of machismo are essential components of Costa Rican culture and traditions. This study examines how these attitudes manifest themselves in Costa Ricans' opinions regarding various gender role issues. Male and female Costa Ricans, both urban and rural, between the ages of 5 and 10, 15 and 25, and 60 plus were asked questions regarding gender role issues. The age category of children ages 5 to 10 revealed the least machismo as the age category of adolescents ages 15 to 25 revealed the most. Rural and urban localities appeared to make no difference. Males revealed more attitudes of machismo than did females but not significantly more overall. / Department of Anthropology