The behavioural ecology of duikers (Cephalophus spp.) was studied in mature forest and mixed secondary vegetation around TaI National Park, Cöte d'Ivoire. The most common species in both vegetation types was C. maxwelli, followed by C. dorsalis, C. ogilbyi, C. niger, C. zebra and C. lentinki in mature forest, and C. niger, C. dorsalis and C. sylvicultor in secondary vegetation. Population surveys were carried out by a number of methods. Transect censuses by night were found most efficient in mature forest, whereas in secondary vegetation, only pellet transect censuses and drives into nets were possible. C. maxwelli populations were estimated at about 63 km2 in mature forest and 79 km2 in secondary vegetation. Duikers were primarily frugivorous, but the proportion of leaves taken increased in the season of fruit scarcity. Fruit abundance in different habitats increased with the age of the vegetation. Six C. maxwelli in mature forest and four in secondary vegetation were radio-collared to determine ranging patterns and social behaviour. They were diurnal and lived in groups of one male with one or two females and young. Home ranges, which were about 5 ha in size in mature forest and 3.6 ha in secondary vegetation, were defended by males, and the boundaries were marked by latrine areas by both sexes. In mixed secondary vegetation, all habitats were used except open fields and bamboo thickets. Implications for conservation and management are discussed. The continued preservation of mature forest and the control of poaching are essential for the survival of the three rarer species (C. -jentinki, C. zebra and C. ogilbyi). The control of poaching must precede any programme of sustainable harvesting of the more abundant species, which could be carried out in secondary vegetation. Duiker farming may be possible if low-cost sources of fencing and forage can be identified.

This study investigates into the psychodynamic interpretation of ten selected Gouro tales, that is the way in which the mind (psycho) and the action (dynamic body movement) of a Gouro storyteller translate into a performance. Because the tales are initially selected from the Gouro tale repertoire, the study focuses critically on the transcription of the tales into the Gouro language, which has no standardized written form yet, and translates the tales into English. In this thesis three levels of translation are addressed: (1) An inter-lingual level of translation which is the translation of the Gouro tales into English, (2) An oral-literate level of translation, which undertakes the writing down of the Gouro language which currently has no standardised written form, (3) An inter-modal level of translation, which focuses on the translation of an oral performance mode into a written mode in terms of the particular issues addressing the 'putting of the tale performance on the page'. The central theory accounting for the writing down of the Gouro tales in the Gouro language, the translation of the Gouro tales, and their psychodynamic interpretation is the theory of 'Human expression' as identified by the French anthropologist Marcel Jousse under the psycho-physiological laws of 'Mimism, Rhythmism, Bilateralism, and Formulism .' Jousse's theory of 'Human expression' underpins essentially what he calls the 'Oral-style expression', such as it is witnessed amongst the Gouro whose language is still essentially oral. The principles of the Oral style expression are thus applied to the orally performed Gouro tale texts to delineate the tales' dynamic mnemonic contents. In other words, the interpretation and analysis of the Gouro tales aim at identifying the very narrative elements that make possible the memorizing of a story, its recall, and its reliable transmission, such as it is the case in societies with the absence of writing. The products of this study are a suggested work-in-progress for a standardised written form of the Gouro language, and the documentation of the Gouro tradition which is fast disappearing to make it relevant and available to researchers. / Thesis (Ph.D) - University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2004.

Thèse 3 cycle--Géographie--Paris IV, 1970. / Bibliogr. p. 129.

Poverty analysis in fisheries is dominated by assumptions of a linear relationship between fishing, income and poverty. Poverty is seen as a function of income, and income as a function of fish catch. Thus, the analytical frameworks to understand poverty in fisheries, and the policies enacted to reduce it, have focused on issues of overexploitation, regulatory mechanisms to maximize rent extraction, and technological innovation to improve fisheries’ productivity. This set of relations is underpinned by the assumption that improving fish catch per se would reduce fishers’ poverty. The study of fishing livelihoods on Lake Kossou in Côte d’Ivoire problematizes some of these assumptions. I revisit the “essentialization” of fishers with fish by utilizing the Sustainable Livelihood Approach as a lens of analysis, and by demonstrating that fishers’ livelihoods are based on a diversified portfolio of activities that span multiple sectors. Looking at livelihoods also questions the validity of the conventional “sites” of poverty analysis in fisheries (i.e. the boat, the landing site) and how these lead to misrepresentations of fishers’ livelihoods by emphasizing the upstream elements (catches) to the detriment of downstream activities in the value chain (processing and trading) that are crucial in the realization of fishers’ sustainable livelihoods. Looking at the complexity of fishers’ livelihoods sheds light on the relations between poverty (as an outcome variable) and vulnerability as a constant condition that is linked to access to multiple types of assets, the institutional contexts in which they operate, and the ways in which access to natural resources is constantly re-negotiated. To that effect, this study shows how access to Lake Kossou took a completely new meaning when the coffee-cocoa economy collapsed and young Ivorians saw it as an opportunity being stolen from them by Malian fishers. The context of post-colonial national identity formation (epitomized in the search for “Ivoirité”) served as political justification for claiming new rights to natural resources that had been relatively unimportant until then in economic terms. Finally, this study provides an innovative approach to poverty analysis by emphasizing its multiple dimensions, and by utilizing the statistical fuzzy sets methodology to construct multidimensional poverty indices.

ABSTRACT Background: The launch of the Millennium Development Goal4, in 2000 and the national and international mobilization it spurs results to a decline of child under age five mortality rate from 90 per 1000 living birth in 1990 to 40 per thousands in 2012. That decline however is not evenly distributed across the globe and the majority of countries in the Sub-Saharan African region continue to experience a higher rate of under age five mortality than expected in 2013. Within country disparities in child mortality and it determinants was suggested to account for the lagging of those countries to reduce their under age five mortality rate. Objective: the study examined the variation in child mortality across statistical regions in Cote d’Ivoire and the community level factors that can explain those variations after controlling child, the mothers and the household characteristics. Method: The study used data obtained from the 2011-2012 Cote d’Ivoire’ Demography Health Survey. The study population consisted of 7511 children born within the 5 years preceding the survey. Frequency tables were created to show the distribution of the selected child mortality determinants across regions in Cote d’ivoire and three Logistic models were run to measure the association between the under age five mortality and the selected determinants. Results: The proportion of under age five mortality in the study population was 8.52%. There was a statistically significant variation in child mortality across regions. At the community level, the proportion of mothers with a least a secondary education was associated with under-age five mortality risk (OR=0.99, CI=0.98-0.99). There was no significant association between child mortality and the other selected community factors included in the study. Conclusion: This study reveals a significant variation of under age five mortality rate across region in Cote d’Ivoire, even after controlling or child, mother and household level factors. The findings of this study suggest a need for further exploration of the factors that can explain those differences.

A framework for a strategy fit with national and organizational culture holds several implications for multinational business managers. First, culture is a critical variable in the strategy process and it should be explicitly examined as a part of the process. Second, culture might encourage and support organizationally a particular business level strategy and may affect marketing practices. This approach views transactional and relational practices as part of a continuum. This study has examined over 250 firms in the United States and the Cote d’Ivoire on the dimensions of their organizational culture, national culture and contemporary marketing practices. In essence, this is a test of the convergence theory versus cultural specificity debate. The study first establishes a model in the US of the relationship between organizational culture and contemporary marketing practices and then tests it in Cote d’Ivoire. Lisrel is used to examine the goodness of the fit of the model. Results indicate that differences in national cultures call for differences in marketing practices since the US model does not fit in Cote d’Ivoire. The differences between the two models and implications for a new Ivorian model are discussed.

This thesis explores the role of early development policies on the management of horizontal inequalities in Ghana and La Cote d'Ivoire. Using the wager between the first presidents of the two countries, this study charts the manner in which Horizontal Inequalities have been managed during three time periods: Independence, Structural Adjustment and Democratization.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2005. / [School of Medicine] Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics. Includes bibliographical references. Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center.

No description available.

La liberté de presse, c’est l’ensemble des possibilités offertes aux citoyens d’un pays de se faire une opinion et de l’exprimer librement à travers les supports médiatiques. En Afrique, les nouvelles Constitutions promulguées au début des années 1990, à la suite de soulèvements populaires, garantissent les libertés individuelles et politiques. Mais dans la réalité, la liberté de la presse, qui reste la principale jauge d’une démocratie crédible, est loin d’être totale.La présente étude se proposait de rechercher les facteurs qui permettent de mieux garantir la liberté de la presse en Afrique de l’Ouest Francophone. Elle a pris trois éléments de comparaison pour les évaluer dans quatre pays, le Bénin, la Côte d’Ivoire, le Sénégal et le Togo. Sur le premier paramètre, l’environnement juridique, elle a constaté que la législation moderne dans les pays francophones d’Afrique est calquée sur le modèle français. Aussi, les droits et avantages essentiels reconnus aux journalistes en France par la Loi du 29 juillet 1881 sur la liberté de la presse sont-ils énoncés dans les textes régissant la presse au Bénin, en Côte d’Ivoire, au Sénégal et au Togo. Le second titre est consacré aux réalités économiques de la presse et permet de conclure que dans les quatre pays, les journalistes travaillent dans des conditions précaires qui ne garantissent pas leur indépendance vis à vis de l’information. Enfin dans la troisième partie,l’étude a montré que les relations entre la presse et le pouvoir politique sont déterminantes dans le respect de la liberté de la presse. / Freedom of the press is all opportunities for citizens of a country to have an opinion and expressit freely across media platforms. In Africa, new constitutions promulgated in early 1990,following popular uprisings, guarantee individual and political freedoms. But in reality, freedom of the press, which remains the main gauge of a credible democracy is far from complete.The present study intended to investigate the factors that can better guarantee the freedom of thepress in Francophone West Africa. It took three points of comparison for assessing the fourcountries, Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, Senegal and Togo. The first parameter, the legal environment, itwas found that moderns legislations in Francophone African countries is modeled on the Frenchmodel. Also, the rights and benefits granted to key journalists in France by the Act of 29 July1881 on the freedom of the press are they stated in the laws governing the press in Benin, Côted'Ivoire, Senegal and Togo. The second title is devoted to the economic realities of the press andto conclude that in all four countries, journalists working in precarious conditions that do notguarantee their independence from the information.Finally in the third part of the study showed that the relationship between the press and politicalpower are decisive in respect of the freedom of the press.