This thesis deals with crisis management. The theoretical part deals with the definition of basic concepts from several authors. The custom thesis analyzes the effectiveness of the deployment of the Army in the region. I used the measurement methods of historical comparisons or desired state by the CPM (Critical path method) in a particular situation. After the analysis follows the recommendations on how to get more efficient deployment of armed forces for unexpected events and to accelerate the return to economic stability.

Introdução: Os opioides são os analgésicos mais efetivos para tratamento da dor moderada a intensa. No entanto, evidências crescentes têm demonstrado que seu uso pode levar a mudanças na sensibilidade dolorosa. Nesse contexto, a hiperalgesia induzida pelo remifentanil (r-IH) envolve um desequilíbrio nos sistemas inibitórios e excitatórios. Postula-se que um dos mecanismos centrais seja a disfunção do sistema modulador descendente da dor. Então, neste estudo, testamos a hipótese de que a estimulação transcraniana de corrente contínua (ETCC), devido aos seus efeitos analgésicos, poderia prevenir a r-IH. Os desfechos primários incluíram a escala numérica de dor (END 0-10) durante o teste repetitivo ao frio (rCOLDT), e a alteração na END (0-10) durante o teste de modulação condicionada de dor (CPM-TASK). Os desfechos secundários foram os limiares de dor ao calor (HPT) e o tempo de reação durante o teste de dor à água gelada [zero graus oC, (IPT)]. Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado, fatorial, duplo cego, que incluiu 48 homens saudáveis, com idades entre 19 e 40 anos. Os sujeitos foram randomizados em quatro grupos (n=12): ativo (a) - ETCC / solução salina, Sham (s) - ETCC / solução salina, a-ETCC / remifentanil e s-ETCC / remifentanil. Foi aplicado o ETCC sobre o córtex motor primário, com uma sessão única de 20 min e 2 mA. Resultados: Durante o rCOLDT, houve um efeito significativo entre os grupos nos escores cumulativos da END (P = 0,01). O grupo s-ETCC / remifentanil apresentou maiores escores de dor durante rCOLDT, [media (SD) 5,49 (1,04)] e a-ETCC / remifentanil apresentaram escores relativamente menores [4,15 (1,62)]. Este achado mostra que o efeito da ETCC bloqueou a HI-R. Os grupos a-ETCC / solução salina e s-ETCC / salina apresentaram menor índice de dor durante rCOLDT, [3.11 (1.2)] e [3.15 (1.62)], respectivamente. A incidência de hiperalgesia definida como um aumento de 15% na END durante o rCOLDT foi de: 31% no grupo s-ETCC/remifentanil; 22% no grupo a-ETCC/remifentanil; 11% no grupo a-ETCC/salina; e 8.3% no grupo s-ETCC/salina. Os grupos com remifentanil apresentaram escore positivo na END (0-10) durante a tarefa CPM, ou seja, produziu um desengate do sistema modulador descendente de dor (DPMS). Além disso, s-ETCC / Remifentanil em comparação com a-ETCC/remifentanil apresentou menor HPT e maior tempo de reação durante o IPT. Conclusão: Esses achados sugerem que os efeitos da a-ETCC previne a disfunção da capacidade inibitória do sistema modulador descendente da dor induzido pelo remifentanil durante o rCOLDT. / Background: Opioids are the most effective analgesics to treat moderate to severe pain. However, growing evidence shows that opioids can elicit unexpected changes in pain sensitivity. In this sense, remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia (r-IH) involves an imbalance in the inhibitory and excitatory systems. It postulates that one of the central mechanisms is the dysfunction of the descending pain modulating system. We tested the hypothesis that transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (t-DCS), given its analgesics effects, could prevent r-IH. The primary outcomes included the Numerical Pain Score NPS (0-10) during the repetitive cold test (rCOLDT) and the change on the NPS (0-10) during the conditioned pain modulation (CPM)-task. The secondary outcomes were the heat pain threshold (HPT) and the reaction-time during the Ice-Water Pain Test (IPT). Methods: This double blinded, explanatory factorial randomized trial included 48 healthy males, ages ranging 19 to 40 years. They were randomized into four equal groups: active (a)-tDCS/saline, sham (s)-tDCS/saline, a-tDCS/remifentanil and s-tDCS/remifentanil. We applied tDCS over the primary motor-cortex, with a single session of 20 minutes and 2mA. Results: During the rCOLDT, there was a significant group effect on the cumulative NPS scores (P=0.01). The s-tDCS/remifentanil group presented larger pain scores during rCOLDT, [mean (SD) 5.49 (1.04)] and a-tDCS/remifentanil group had relative lower pain scores [4.15 (1.62)]; showing its blocking effect on r-IH. a-tDCS/saline and s-tDCS/saline groups showed lowest pain scores during rCOLDT, [3.11(1.2)] and [3.15(1.62)], respectively. The incidence of hyperalgesia defined as a 15% increase in NPS during rCOLDT was: 30.3% in the s-tDCS / remifentanil group; 22% in the a-tDCS / remifentanil group; 11% in the a- tDCS / saline group; 8.3% in the s-tDCS / saline group. Remifentanil groups showed positive scores in the NPS (0-10) during the CPM-task, that is, it produced a disengagement of the descending pain modulatory system (DPMS). Also, s- tDCS/Remifentanil compared to a-tDCS/Remifentanil showed lower HPT and larger reaction-time during the IPT. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the effects of a-tDCS prevents the dysfunction of the inhibitory capacity of the descending modulatory pain system induced by remifentanil during rCOLDT.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate individual approaches to performance measurement connected to historical development with emphasis on Value Management and Corporate Performance Management (CPM). Last but not least, it is necessary to analyse the performance of the company, including proposing measures for its growth. The practical part evaluates individual performance indicators and points to software tools supporting CPM in the enterprise.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:51:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2045.pdf: 3215623 bytes, checksum: 69c0ddb010cfaf01e4067504e5a8a8e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-29 / The approach of this study relates to the method of project management originated of the Theory of Constraints called Critical Chain. Beyond of the bibliographical revision on research methodology, production systems, project management, simulation of systems, Theory of Constraints and Critical Chain, a case study was accomplished to compare two methods of project management in a company of Industrial Goods. This company works with projects under order and it uses the Critical Path Method (CPM) to make your projects management. To compare the two methods of project management, historical information on the current management method adopted by the company had been collected, and for the method of Critical Chain some simulations had been done. Through these simulations it was possible to compare the compliments of the finish dates and the lead-time of projects to each one of the management methods. The results indicate for a better execution of finish dates when the method of the Critical Chain is used in the project management. / A abordagem deste estudo se refere ao método de gerenciamento de projetos originado da Teoria das Restrições chamado de Corrente Crítica. Além das revisões bibliográficas sobre metodologia de pesquisa, sistemas de produção, gerenciamento de projetos, simulação de sistemas, Teoria das Restrições e Corrente Crítica, foi realizado um estudo de caso para comparar dois métodos de gerenciamento de projetos em uma empresa de Bens de Capital. Esta empresa trabalha com projetos sob encomenda e utiliza o Método do Caminho Crítico (Critical Path Method CPM) para realizar o gerenciamento dos seus projetos. Para comparar os dois métodos de gerenciamento de projetos, foram coletadas informações históricas sobre o método de gerenciamento atual adotado pela empresa, e para o método da Corrente Crítica foram realizadas algumas simulações. Por meio destas simulações foi possível comparar os cumprimentos dos prazos de entrega e as durações dos projetos para cada um dos métodos de gerenciamento. Os resultados indicam para um maior cumprimento de prazos quando o método da Corrente Crítica é utilizado no gerenciamento do projeto.

Introdução: Os opioides são os analgésicos mais efetivos para tratamento da dor moderada a intensa. No entanto, evidências crescentes têm demonstrado que seu uso pode levar a mudanças na sensibilidade dolorosa. Nesse contexto, a hiperalgesia induzida pelo remifentanil (r-IH) envolve um desequilíbrio nos sistemas inibitórios e excitatórios. Postula-se que um dos mecanismos centrais seja a disfunção do sistema modulador descendente da dor. Então, neste estudo, testamos a hipótese de que a estimulação transcraniana de corrente contínua (ETCC), devido aos seus efeitos analgésicos, poderia prevenir a r-IH. Os desfechos primários incluíram a escala numérica de dor (END 0-10) durante o teste repetitivo ao frio (rCOLDT), e a alteração na END (0-10) durante o teste de modulação condicionada de dor (CPM-TASK). Os desfechos secundários foram os limiares de dor ao calor (HPT) e o tempo de reação durante o teste de dor à água gelada [zero graus oC, (IPT)]. Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado, fatorial, duplo cego, que incluiu 48 homens saudáveis, com idades entre 19 e 40 anos. Os sujeitos foram randomizados em quatro grupos (n=12): ativo (a) - ETCC / solução salina, Sham (s) - ETCC / solução salina, a-ETCC / remifentanil e s-ETCC / remifentanil. Foi aplicado o ETCC sobre o córtex motor primário, com uma sessão única de 20 min e 2 mA. Resultados: Durante o rCOLDT, houve um efeito significativo entre os grupos nos escores cumulativos da END (P = 0,01). O grupo s-ETCC / remifentanil apresentou maiores escores de dor durante rCOLDT, [media (SD) 5,49 (1,04)] e a-ETCC / remifentanil apresentaram escores relativamente menores [4,15 (1,62)]. Este achado mostra que o efeito da ETCC bloqueou a HI-R. Os grupos a-ETCC / solução salina e s-ETCC / salina apresentaram menor índice de dor durante rCOLDT, [3.11 (1.2)] e [3.15 (1.62)], respectivamente. A incidência de hiperalgesia definida como um aumento de 15% na END durante o rCOLDT foi de: 31% no grupo s-ETCC/remifentanil; 22% no grupo a-ETCC/remifentanil; 11% no grupo a-ETCC/salina; e 8.3% no grupo s-ETCC/salina. Os grupos com remifentanil apresentaram escore positivo na END (0-10) durante a tarefa CPM, ou seja, produziu um desengate do sistema modulador descendente de dor (DPMS). Além disso, s-ETCC / Remifentanil em comparação com a-ETCC/remifentanil apresentou menor HPT e maior tempo de reação durante o IPT. Conclusão: Esses achados sugerem que os efeitos da a-ETCC previne a disfunção da capacidade inibitória do sistema modulador descendente da dor induzido pelo remifentanil durante o rCOLDT. / Background: Opioids are the most effective analgesics to treat moderate to severe pain. However, growing evidence shows that opioids can elicit unexpected changes in pain sensitivity. In this sense, remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia (r-IH) involves an imbalance in the inhibitory and excitatory systems. It postulates that one of the central mechanisms is the dysfunction of the descending pain modulating system. We tested the hypothesis that transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (t-DCS), given its analgesics effects, could prevent r-IH. The primary outcomes included the Numerical Pain Score NPS (0-10) during the repetitive cold test (rCOLDT) and the change on the NPS (0-10) during the conditioned pain modulation (CPM)-task. The secondary outcomes were the heat pain threshold (HPT) and the reaction-time during the Ice-Water Pain Test (IPT). Methods: This double blinded, explanatory factorial randomized trial included 48 healthy males, ages ranging 19 to 40 years. They were randomized into four equal groups: active (a)-tDCS/saline, sham (s)-tDCS/saline, a-tDCS/remifentanil and s-tDCS/remifentanil. We applied tDCS over the primary motor-cortex, with a single session of 20 minutes and 2mA. Results: During the rCOLDT, there was a significant group effect on the cumulative NPS scores (P=0.01). The s-tDCS/remifentanil group presented larger pain scores during rCOLDT, [mean (SD) 5.49 (1.04)] and a-tDCS/remifentanil group had relative lower pain scores [4.15 (1.62)]; showing its blocking effect on r-IH. a-tDCS/saline and s-tDCS/saline groups showed lowest pain scores during rCOLDT, [3.11(1.2)] and [3.15(1.62)], respectively. The incidence of hyperalgesia defined as a 15% increase in NPS during rCOLDT was: 30.3% in the s-tDCS / remifentanil group; 22% in the a-tDCS / remifentanil group; 11% in the a- tDCS / saline group; 8.3% in the s-tDCS / saline group. Remifentanil groups showed positive scores in the NPS (0-10) during the CPM-task, that is, it produced a disengagement of the descending pain modulatory system (DPMS). Also, s- tDCS/Remifentanil compared to a-tDCS/Remifentanil showed lower HPT and larger reaction-time during the IPT. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the effects of a-tDCS prevents the dysfunction of the inhibitory capacity of the descending modulatory pain system induced by remifentanil during rCOLDT.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att ta fram en Corporate Performance Management strategi som man kan nyttja för att ändra organisationsstrukturen till att uppnå en mer holistisk struktur med hjälp utav Business intelligence verktyg. Helt enkelt hur man skapar en helhet inom organisationen med en Business intelligence strategi. Den forskningsfråga som författaren har fokuserat mest på involverar hur man utvecklar och implementerar en CPM-strategi. De andra frågorna utreder vilka fördelar som finns med att införskaffa en CPM strategi och vilka Business intelligence verktyg som används i en CPM-strategi. I denna uppsats utförs en studie om begreppet Corporate Performance Management och kunskapsbidraget är en strategi för hur man utvecklar och implementerar CPM. Manuella sökningar efter litteratur ifrån olika bibliotek har granskats och både böcker och artiklar har hittats. Internet har självklart använts till att söka efter datorbaserad information och författaren har hittat relevanta artiklar. Forskningsfrågorna har också besvarats genom att utföra intervjuer med leverantörer och en forskare inom CPM. En kognitiv forskningsprocess har bedrivits där en inledande diskussion har inspirerat fram forskningsfrågor som har lett vidare till att en förstudie har genomförts. Informationen ifrån denna har i sin tur lett fram till en problemdiskussion, nya forskningsfrågor och ett nytt syfte. Fördelarna med en CPM-strategi är att man kan organisera, automatisera och analysera processer och system, detta förenar organisationens olika enheter för att kunna fatta beslut som är det bästa för organisationen som helhet och gör så att användaren kan effektivisera sin arbetsdag och få mer tid för andra viktiga arbetsuppgifter med mera. En CPM-strategi består först utav att man gör en första övergripande analys av verksamheten för att kunna ta fram en strategi. Man jobbar effektivt med taktiska och operativa frågor. Därefter utvecklas en kravspecifikation vilken inkluderar en omfattande kravanalys. Viktiga moment är intervjuer med anställda samt öppna diskussioner med personalen. Nästa moment är att CPM-strategin designas genom att verksamheten modelleras upp och arkitekturen bestäms. I nästa steg utvecklar man systemet, det finns olika lösningar att ta till sig. En lösning är att använda sig utav en lokal leverantör som erbjuder en färdig standardlösning, en annan lösning är att utveckla systemet inhouse eller outsourca till ett låglöneland. Därefter så sker själva implementationen och testningen utav strategin och då finns det ett antal steg som man följer, implementationen bygger dock mycket på erfarenheter ifrån tidigare projekt och det finns inga riktiga mallar för hur detta ska ske. Personalen utbildas därefter på nya lösningar som har utarbetats, utan denna kunskap så kommer de kanske inte att kunna använda den. Då den egna verksamheten och omvärlden förändras hela tiden så måste man hela tiden ha en grupp som stödjer underhållet utav CPM-strategin. Det mest kända Business intelligence verktyget inom CPM är Excel och det vanligaste användandet är olika rapporter.

One of the major driving elements behind the explosive boom in wireless revolution is the advances in the field of modulation which plays a fundamental role in any communication system, and especially in cellular radio systems. Hence, the elaborate choice of an efficient modulation scheme is of paramount importance in the design and employment of any communications system. Work presented in this thesis is an investigation (study) of the feasibility of whether multilevel FSK modulation scheme would provide a viable alternative modem that can be employed in TDMA cordless communications systems. In the thesis the design and performance analysis of a non-coherent multi-level modem that offers a great deal of bandwidth efficiency and hardware simplicity is studied in detail. Simulation results demonstrate that 2RC pre-modulation filter pulse shaping with a modulation index of 0.3, and pre-detection filter normalized equivalent noise bandwidth of 1.5 are optimum system parameter values. Results reported in chapter 5 signify that an adjacent channel rejection factor of around 40 dB has been achieved at channel spacing of 1.5 times the symbol rate while the DECT system standards stipulated a much lower rejection limit criterion (25-30dB), implying that CP-QFSK modulation out-performs the conventional GMSK as it causes significantly less ACI, thus it is more spectrally efficient in a multi-channel system. However, measured system performance in terms of BER indicates that this system does not coexist well with other interferers as at delay spreads between 100ns to 200ns, which are commonly encountered in such indoor environment, a severe degradation in system performance apparently caused by multi-path fading has been noticed, and there exists a noise floor of about 40 dB, i.e. high irreducible error rate of less than 5.10-3. Implementing MRC diversity combiner and BCH codec has brought in a good gain.

In this diploma thesis is processed proposition of project implentation ETL process to company, which is parsed to many parts. These parts are divided by project analysis.Diploma thesis contains processing of time analysis, risk analysis, cost analysis and source analysis. Before I processed analyzes above, I had been created study of opportunities. This study consist of 7S analysis, SWOT analysis, SLEPTE analysis and Potrer’s model of competitive forces. This proposal of project implantation of ETL process to company was mainly processed by Microsoft Project software and supplementary by Microsoft Excel software.

Reporting patient states is considered an important part of care process monitoring in the hospital to efficiently monitor how well the health care system is performing. Monitoring care processes with enough fine-grained detail to precisely track wait states and service states in order to reduce wait times and improve their quality of care are challenging. Business Process Management (BPM) technology is used to bring care processes online, but there is no clear methodology on how to integrate performance management into BPM tools in a systematic matter that is effective, and minimizes complications and development costs. This thesis proposes a BPM methodology for care process monitoring that structures how to integrate performance monitoring into BPM. The major contribution of this thesis includes a generic methodology for care processes monitoring that describes how to structure and instrument a business process model for systematic care process monitoring which includes support for handoff points between organizations where many wait-time bottlenecks occur. It also includes a prototype implementation based on an existing case study based on a real cardiology care process from an Ontario hospital. Our results are evaluated using three different prototypes based on this same care process. The research methodology for the thesis is based on Design-Science research.

Nowadays, corporations run their business on dynamic markets with really harsh competition. If they want to survive, they need to manage their business effectively and increase corporate performance. Management is today highly supported by information and communication technologies that develop and bring new solutions and technologies continuously. One of these new solutions is Corporate Performance Management based on Business Intelligence technologies that enables complex and integrated view of business performance and its management. This thesis is devoted to this new developing approach in IS/ICT. Readers will become familiar with its basic principles, advantages, particular components and process of implementation. After this more theoretical part, follows the practical issue - realization of this solution for an existing organization in order to get expected results and effects. The solution is designed for a company that provides consulting and software development in Business Intelligence technologies. According to the cycle of CPM, firstly, a Performance Management method is chosen, after that the corporate strategy and concrete KPIs as they enhance the goals and strategy achievement. Afterwards data sources are identified and optimized as needed. On these data sources, all the visualization tools for Performance management are developed. In this case we are talking about interactive scorecards and dashboards. After this phase, the solution is ready for the developers to create it in the concrete application. In this case the Microsoft Office PerformancePoint Server 2007.