This dissertation focuses on the phenomenon of copper cable theft within the Gauteng Province of South Africa. Data was collected from literature sources as well as from security professionals combating copper theft. There are five primary objectives in this research: 1. To explore and to describe the extent and the impact of copper cable theft. 2. To gain insight into the profile and the modus operandi of the offender. 3. To evaluate current intervention measures used to combat the copper cable theft. 4. To describe the general factors limiting the success of combating copper cable theft. 5. To recommend probable intervention measures with which to combat copper cable theft. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with responsible security officials of victim stakeholder groups in Gauteng. It was established that copper cable theft is currently a very serious crime that deserves both attention and quick intervention before it does irreparable damage to the utility infrastructure of Gauteng, in particular, and in fact to all these infrastructures in South Africa. / Criminology / M.A. (Criminology)

Despite various policing strategies in the recent past, the police alone have not been able reduce crime in Soshanguve. Research into how partnerships in policing can assist in finding solutions to crime prevention is limited. The police have come to realise that they need the active involvement and cooperation of and support from the community and other role players to prevent crime. This research has as its aim the identification of the challenges in establishing partnerships in policing the Soshanguve policing area. A qualitative approach was adopted. An interview schedule with predetermined questions was designed, piloted and used in focus group interviews with participants who are actively involved in partnerships in policing in the area. Interviews were conducted with 45 participants in three focus group interviews to obtain their views, opinions and perceptions of partnerships in policing. The collected data was transcribed verbatim (using words and phrases of the participants), analysed and interpreted. The data was analysed and interpreted using manual open coding, with the aim of identifying and examining patterns of similarities or differences in the data. A literature study was conducted to gain a better understanding of partnerships in policing. Research indicates that partnerships in policing have been effectively implemented in other parts of the world and can be implemented in South Africa in general and in Soshanguve in particular. Factors that inhibit partnerships in policing between the police and the community as well as in other environments were identified. These factors include among others, lack of trust, communication and cooperation. Recommendations are made to all concerned; particularly to the South African Police Service management on how partnerships in policing can be effectively implemented. / Criminology and Security Science / M. Tech. (Policing)

The purpose of this research study was to offer a critical analysis of the crime prevention role of the MPD in the SANDF. A recent development in SA where military personnel are deployed to quell acts of violence and xenophobic attacks, makes this requisite and pertinent research. A qualitative research method was adopted, which goes well with the pragmatist worldview. A pragmatist worldview affords researchers the flexibility to choose the type of technique, method and procedures to be utilised in the research study. A literature review was conducted, followed by interviews with members of the MPD. The researcher interviewed a total of 23 members from the MPD. These members were chosen based on their experience and knowledge as military police officials. The data received from participants was analysed using a computer software programme called Atlas.ti. The findings of this research study revealed that crime prevention in SA is the responsibility of the SAPS, not the SANDF. The defence force can be deployed as a last resort in extreme cases when the SAPS are not able to contain the situation. Members of the defence force are not trained to deal with matters of maintenance of law and order. However, the defence force has its own crime fighting component in the form of the MPD, which can perform policing functions anywhere and at any time as long as it is aimed at enforcing the Defence Act (Act 42 of 2002). The conclusion reached by this research study is that MPD members must be capacitated in terms of both human resources and training so that they are able to deal effectively with crime within the SANDF. In an effort to address crime within the SANDF, the study proposes a model that supports the interaction between various role players in crime prevention. / Injongo yalolu cwaningo ukuhlolisisa nokuhlaziya igunya namandla okuvikela ubugebengu embuthweni wezokuvikela wase Ningizimu Afrika. Lolu cwaningo lusungulwe ngokubonakala kwentuthuko yakamuva ezenzweni zobugebengu eNingizimu Afrika lapho amalunga amasosha ethu agcina esefakwe emsebenzini wokuqeda udlame kanye nokuvikela kokuhlaselwa kwabokufika. I qualitative method indlela ucwaningo oluqhutshwa ngayo emhlabeni wonke olubheka ingqikithi nomsusa wesenzo lesi esisuke senzekile futhi kutholakele ukuthi loluhlobo lokucwaninga lusebenza kahle kakhulu. Ukwenza ucwaningo ngokuzikhandla kanye nokukhululeka kwenza abacwaningi basebenzise ubuhlakani babo kanye nezindlela ezingcono zokucwaninga, futhi zenza ukufunda ngocwaningo kuhambe kahle. Umcwaningi wabuyekeza izincwadi ezazisetshenzisiwe ngaphambilini waphinde wakhulumisana namalunga angamashumi amabili nantathu amaphoyisa wezokuvikela kwezwe phecelezi Military Police Division. Lamalunga akhethwa ngokuba ngomakade ebona futhi nangokuba mkantshubomvu kulomsebenzi wobuphoyisa embuthweni wezempi. Ubuciko bukangcondomshini obuthiwa yi-Atlas.ti buye basetshenziswa ukuhlunga kabanzi yonke imininingwane eye yatholakala kulamalunga. Okutholakele kulolu cwaningo kukhombisa ukuthi umsebenzi wokuvimbela ubulelesi ukuthi kungenzeki kungumsebenzi wamaphoyisa aseNingizimu Afrika (SAPS) kuphela, akuwona umsebenzi wombutho wezokuvikela. Umbutho wezokuvikela ungatshalwa kuphela njengendlela yokugcina ezimweni ezibucayi lapho khona amaphoyisa aseNingizimu Afrika engakwazi ukulungisa noma ukumelana nesimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amalungu ombutho wezokuvikela aweqeqeshelwe ukulwa nobugebengu. Umbutho wezokuvikela unebutho eliqeqeshelwe ukulwa ubugebengu kanye nokwephulwa komthetho lelo butho amaphoyisa wombutho wezokuvikela phecelezi Military Police Division. Isiphetho salolu cwaningo ukuthi amaphoyisa ombutho wezokuvikela kufanele anikezwe zonke izinsiza ezifanele aphinde aceceshwe kanzulu ukuze akwazi ukumelana kanye nokuceda ubugebengu embuthweni wezokivikela. Ukuze kubhekwe ubugebengu ngaphakathi kwi SANDF, umfuziselo olwatuswa olusekela ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabo bonke ababambe iqhaza ezinhlakeni ezahlukene ekuvimbeleni ubugebengu. / Injongo yolu phando kukunikezela ngohlalutyo oluntsonkothileyo ngendima yeMPD kwi SANDF, yokuthintela ulwaphulo-mthetho. Iziganeko zakutsha nje eMzantsi Afrika, apho kuye kwafuneka ukuba abasebenzi bomkhosi wokhuselo bathunyelwe ukuya kunqanda izenzo zobundlobongela nokuhlaselwa kwabemi bangaphandle, zenza ukuba olu ibe luphando olunyanzelekileyo nolubalulekileyo. Indlela yophando ngokwexabiso isetyenzisiwe, iyeyona ihambelana kakuhle nendlela ebona ngeliso elibanzi kwilizwe jikelele. Indlela ebona ngeliso elibanzi kwilizwe jikelele yeyona inika abaphandi inkululeko yokukhetha ubuchule, umgaqo kunye nenkqubo enokusetyenziswa kuphando olo. Uhlalutyo lwemibhalo luye lwenziwa, kwalandela udliwano ndlebe namalungu eMPD. Umphandi wenze udliwano-ndlebe namalungu eMPD angama-23 ewonke. La malungu akhethwe ngenxa yamava kunye nolwazi analo njengabasebenzi bomkhosi wezokhuselo. Iinkcukacha ezifumaneke kwabo bathathe inxaxheba ziye zahlalutywa kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe bekhompyutha obubizwa ngokuba yi-Atlas.ti. Ulwazi olufumaneke kolu phando lubonise ukuba ukunqandwa kolwaphulo mthetho eMzantsi Afrika luxanduva lweSAPS, hayi olweSANDF. Igqiza lomkhosi wokhuselo linakho ukuthunyelwa ngondancama xa kukho iimeko eziqatseleyo, xa i-SAPS isoyiswa kukumelana nesimo. Amalungu womkhosi wokhuselo awakuqeqeshelwanga ukujongana neemeko zokugcinwa komthetho. Nangona kunjalo, amalungu womkhosi wokhuselo analo icandelo lokulwa ulwaphulo-mthetho eliyi-MPD, elelona candelo elikwaziyo ukwenza umsebenzi wesipolisa naphina kwaye nanini na ekubeni nje inyanzelisa umthetho obizwangokuba yi-Defence Act (Umthetho wama- 42 wonyaka wama-2002). Xa beluqukumbela olu phando bafumanise ukuba amalungu weMPD kufuneka axhotyiswe ngokunikwa abasebenzi abafanelekileyo nangokuqeqeshwa ukwenzela ukuba bakwazi ukugagana ngokufanekelikelyo nolwaphulo mthetho ngaphakathi kwiSANDF. Kwiinzame zokujongana nolwaphulo mthetho kwiSANDF, olu phando luphakamisa ukuba kubekho indlela yokusebenza exhasa unxibelelwano phakathi kwabathathi nxaxheba abahlukeneyo ekuthinteleni ulwaphulo mthetho. / Police Practice / D. Litt. et Phil. (Police Science)

This research study examined an innovative gang approach in the city of San Bernardino called Operation Phoenix. The purpose of this study was to conduct a needs assessment for Operation Phoenix. This qualitative and quantitative study examined how effective Operation Phoenix was in the prevention, intervention, and suppression of gang activity in the city of San Bernardino. In addition it assessed the unique needs of this comprehensive gang program.

The purpose of this naturalistic qualitative inquiry was to develop a more complete understanding of the process of implementing community policing from the citizen participants' perspective. While an abundance of literature exists on the topic of community policing, with the exception of several survey and evaluation efforts, little examination of this topic has been conducted that devoted exclusive attention to citizen participation in this style of policing. It was citizen participant descriptions that formed the basis for this examination. The present study also examined the theoretical support for community policing by comparing the citizen descriptions of this concept to the component parts of critical social science (Fay, 1987), normative sponsorship theory (Sower, et al., 1957) and community education for development (Compton & McClusky, 1980).A purposive sample was utilized to examine this topic. This sample was composed of citizens (N = 71) from Fort Wayne, Indiana and Fort Worth, Texas who had participated with their respective municipal police departments in implementing community policing. The community policing efforts in these cities had been in existence since the early to mid 1990s. The sample was composed of citizens that came from different geographic areas of their respective cities, and who had spent at least one year working with assigned police officers and community groups. A questioning route was developed and participants were interviewed in focus group settings. Data analysis identified seven themes from the transcribed interviews. These themes were: (a) partners; (b) community education; (c) neighborhood associations; (d) involvement with government; (e) problem solving; (f) frustration with the city administration and (g) communication and managing community policing.The research found that relatively successful community policing efforts rely upon structured neighborhoods, ample community education, an emphasis on problem solving, open communication and strong support from the upper levels of municipal government. Many of these findings were supported by the literature in the field. Additionally, the theories purported to support community policing were found to confirm the citizens' experiences in these cities. / Department of Educational Leadership

Police expenditure has a direct effect on the efforts of the police to prevent and investigate crime. It also contributes a lot to run various programs used to enhance public awareness of crime to affect the national development of the country. This doctoral study aims at investigating the relationship between police expenditure and crime in the context of Tigray Regional State of Ethiopia. The study is a qualitative study by design. Data pertinent to the study were gathered through interview schedule, which was prepared first in Tigrigna and translated into English later, given to relevant sets of two groups of participants, namely zone and district participants referred hereunder as sample A and Sample B, respectively. Participants of the study have been selected purposively. Data generated from the interview schedule were analysed subject to thematic analysis. Major findings of the study indicate that budget allocation is mainly made on the basis of police functions and activities; many of the workers in police are not aware of the national guideline in planning and preparing budgets, and believe that the national security situation predominantly determines the budget allocation rather than the standards set in the country. A considerable number of the police staff are not aware of the procedures in formulating the budget. They agreed that even though there are clear strategies to prevent and investigate crimes, they are not fully implemented. However, they consensually agreed that priority should be given to crime prevention in allocating budget to police. It further discusses the community participation in raising funds through the community policing program is high, and the aim is to strengthen the police to effectively discharge its responsibilities in maintaining social order and safeguarding the people from crime and crime-related problems. Major recommendations include improving the budget, which is mandatory, and enhancing the community and police partnership is essential. It is also necessary to give much attention to enhance the institutional capacity of police to address community problems adequately through installing various police technologies to which budget improvement is mandatory. The input of the study is finally useful to policymakers to look at the police expenditure and bring their attention into the procedures to avoid budget scarcity apparent in the police institutions not only in the region but also across the country. It helps the police develop various programs inactive due to a shortage in the budget. / ፅሟቕ ወፃኢታት ፖሊስ ኣብ ምክልኻልን ምርመራን ገበን ኣብ ዝግበር ፃዕሪ ብቀጥታ ፅልዋ አለዎም፡፡ ከምኡ ውን ኣብ ብሄራዊ ዕብየት ሀገር ናይ ባዕሉ ብፅሒት እንትህልዎ ፖሊስ ኣብቲ ዕብየት እኹል ግንዛበ ክህልዎን ዝወፁ መደባት ብኣግባቡ ክፍፀሙን አቶም ወፃኢታት ዓብይ ረብሓ ኣለዎም፡፡ በዚ ምኽንያት ውን እዚ ናይ ዶክትሬት ድግሪ መፅናዕቲ ኣብ ሞንጎ ወፃኢታት ፖሊስ ብሄራዊ ክልላዊ መንግስቲ ትግራይን ኣብታ ክልል ዝፍፀም ገበንን እንታይ ዓይነት ርክብ ኣለዎም ኣብ ዝብል ርእሲ ዘድህብ እዩ፡፡ ንድፊ ወይም ዲዛይን ናይቲ መፅናዕቲ ንባባዊ /ኳሊታቲቭ/ እንትኾን እቶም ናይ መፅናዕቲ ሓበሬታት ብቃለ መሕትትን ፅሑፍ መሕትትን ተዳልዮም በቶም ናይ ተሳተፍቲ ቋንቋ ዝኾነ ትግርኛ ተቶርጊሙ ናብ ተሳተፍቲ ተበቲኑ እዩ፡፡ ምስተኣከበ ውን እንደገና ናብ እግሊዝኛ ተተርጊሙ እዩ፡፡ እቶም ዝነበሩ ተሳተፍቲ ኣብ ዞባን ወረዳን ኮይኖም ናሙና Aን ናሙና Bን ተባሂሎም ኣብ 2ተ ጉጅለ ተኸፊሎም እዮም፡፡ ኣመራርፃ ናይቶም ተሳተፍቲ ምኽንያታዊ ወይ ከዓ ይፈልጡ እዮም ዝብል እንትኾን አቲ ዝተኣከበ ሓበሬታ (ቃለ መሕትትን ፅሑፍ መሕትትን) ጭብጡ ብምዝርዛር እቲ ዝተኣከበ ሓበሬታ ተተንቲኑ እዩ፡፡ ዋና ናይቲ መፅናዕቲ ርካቦት ከምዝሕብሮ ንፖሊስ ተባሂሉ ዝብጀት በጀት መበገሲኡ ፖሊስ ንዝሰርሖምን ዝነጥፎምን ነገራት ዘማእኸለ እዩ፡፡ ኮይኑ ግና መብዛሕቲኦም ኣባላት ፖሊስ በጀት ከመይ ከምዝብጀትን ከመይ ከምዝዳለውን ኣብ ዝግለፅ መብርሂ እኹል ዝኾነ ፍልጠት የብሎምን፡፡ በቲ ናይ ፖሊስ ስታንዳርድ እንተይኮነስ በጀት ዝብጀት በቲ ቢሮ ፀጥታን ምምሕዳርን ዘውፅኦ መምርሒ መሰረት እዩ ኢሎም ይኣምኑ፡፡ ከምኡውን ብዙሓት ፖሊሳት ንበጀት መበጀቲ ቀመር ከመይ ከምዝዳለው ኣይፈልጥዎን፡፡ ብመዳይ ምክልኻልን ምፅራይን ገበን እውን ግልፂ ዝኾነ መምርሒን መሳርሒን ዋላ ኳ እንተሃለወ ኣብ ኣፈፃፅሙኡ ጉድለት ይረኣይ እዩ፡፡ በዚ ውን ኩሎም ተሳተፍቲ ከምዘስማዕምዑሉ ንምክልኻልገበን ዝለዓለ በጀት ክብጀተሉ ኣለዎ ኢሎም፡፡ ተሳትፎ ማሕበረሰብ ኣብ ፖሊስ ኮሚኒቲ መደባት ዝለዓለ እንትኸውን በዚ ውን ዕላማ ፖሊስ ኮሚኒቲ ሽትኡ ክወቅዕ ገይርዎ እዩ፡፡ እዙይ ብምህላው ውን ፖሊስ ዋርድያ ህዝቢ ኮይኑ ካብ ገበንን ስግኣት ገበንን ህዝቢ ነፃ ክኾኑ ሓላፍነት ወሲዱ በርቲዑ ንክሰርሕ ሓጊዙዎ እዩ፡፡ ብመዳይ ፅንዓት መቅረቢ እንትድህስስ ንፖሊስ ስራሕቲ ዝለዓለ በጀት ከምዘደልዮን እዚ ውን ፖሊስን ማሕበረሰብን ሓቢሮም ክሰርሑ ኣብ ምግባር ዕዙዝ ተራ ኣለዎ፡፡ ዓቅሚ ፖሊስ ንምዕባይ ኣብ ዝግበር ፃዕሪ እኹል ቆላሕታ ክወሃብ ኣለዎ ፣ ምክንያቱ ‘ውን ዘመኑ ዝጠልቦ ቴክኖሎጂ ንምዕባይ በጀት ወሳኒ እዩ፡፡ እዚ መፅናዕቲ ንፖሊሲ መውፃእቲ ውን ዓብይ ረብሓ እንትህልዎ ንናይ ፖሊስ በጀት ቆላሕታ ክህቡን ዋሐዲ በጀት ፖሊስ ኣብ ምዕባይን ከም ግብኣት ይጠቕሞም እዩ፡፡ እዚ ፀገም ውን ኣብ ትግራይ ክልል ንዘሎ ጥራሕ እንተይኾነስ ኣብ መላእ እታ ሃገር ንዘሎ ፀገም ክፈትሕ ይኽእል እዩ ተባሂሉ ተፀኒዑ ኣሎ፡፡ በዚ ውን ብሰንኪ ሕፅረት በጀት ንዝጎድል ስራሕቲ ፖሊስ ብእዋኑ ክማላእን ክብ ክብልን ዓብይ ጥቅሚ ኣለዎ፡፡ / Police Practice / D. Litt. et Phil. (Police Science)

This research is a exploratory and descriptive study based on juvenile's perceptions with regard to shop theft. Secondary data sources were consulted to supplement the empirical data collected by means of a comprehensive questionnaire. Five hundred learners from grades 10, 11 and 12 in Mabopane were selected for the completion of the questionnaires. Shop theft was further elucidated by the application of criminological theories to explain research findings by highlighting their relationship with shop theft. Main research findings established that there are significant statistical differences with regard to the learner gender, age and grade as far as their views on shop theft were concerned. Recommendations based on the findings include teaching Criminology at secondary schools, the development of an anti shop theft youth oriented crime prevention program, shop theft educational and awareness programmes, and shoplifter offender prevention programs. / Criminology and Security Science / M.A. (Criminology)

International police co-operation is a recipe for success in the fight against transnational organised crime. Such cooperation has never been without challenges, especially in the light of disharmonious national laws. SARPCCO has made promising advances towards the elimination of blockages which hamper police cooperation. The joint, bilateral, simultaneous operations which are continuously carried out and the transferring of skills through training are exemplary to the rest of the world. SARPCCO is, however, struggling to make serious inroads into the organised motor vehicle theft because of the problems in returning them to their lawful owners. The objective of this study is to analyse the laws used by the SARPCCO member countries in fighting motor vehicle theft, transnational organised crime, recoveries, repatriation, prosecution and extradition of offenders. The SARPCCO member countries on which the analysis is done are Lesotho, South Africa, Swaziland and Zambia. / Jurisprudence / LL. M.

In this research project the overcrowding problem in South African prisons will be analysed as well as the influence it had on the rehabilitation of offenders. The problem of overcrowding in South Africa's prisons is very clear when the approved accommodation of a prison is compared with the actual number of prisoners incarcerated. Prison sentences are a favoured form of punishment throughout the world. More and more people seek alternatives to incarceration in order to reduce prison overcrowding. The time to finalize criminal cases, releases on bail, the abolishment of minimum sentences and better utilization of community based sentences are some of the issues which can reduce overcrowding. One of the concepts that was implemented to establish rehabilitation within prisons was Unit Management. The number of prisoners incarcerated makes it difficult for Unit Management to be effective. In some cases prisoners are kept under inhumane conditions which is a violation of the Constitution of South Africa. Currently the morale of members of Correctional Services is very low and this has an influence on the way in which they treat prisoners. These members are supposed to be an example to prisoners but instead their bad behaviour has a negative influence on prisoner's discipline. Correctional Services goal is to make every member a rehabilitator but overcrowding will first have to be reduced. Individual attention to prisoners is one of the building blocks of Unit Management but overcrowding of prisons creates a member/prisoner ratio which is far too high to be effective with rehabilitating prisoners. Community based sentences can also be utilized more frequently by the courts. It can better rehabilitation possibilities and through this the objectives of punishment are met. In the past the focus of South African Law was on the criminal. With the Correctional Services Act (Act 111/1998) this focus was shifted to the victim as well. Both these parties can now come together and discuss the offence as well as the influence it had on the victim. This is called restorative justice and it helps the offender with re-integration into the community. / Criminology and Security Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Penology)

This dissertation focuses on the phenomenon of copper cable theft within the Gauteng Province of South Africa. Data was collected from literature sources as well as from security professionals combating copper theft. There are five primary objectives in this research: 1. To explore and to describe the extent and the impact of copper cable theft. 2. To gain insight into the profile and the modus operandi of the offender. 3. To evaluate current intervention measures used to combat the copper cable theft. 4. To describe the general factors limiting the success of combating copper cable theft. 5. To recommend probable intervention measures with which to combat copper cable theft. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with responsible security officials of victim stakeholder groups in Gauteng. It was established that copper cable theft is currently a very serious crime that deserves both attention and quick intervention before it does irreparable damage to the utility infrastructure of Gauteng, in particular, and in fact to all these infrastructures in South Africa. / Criminology and Security Science / M.A. (Criminology)