Syftet med studien var att undersöka de tre brottsförebyggande åtgärdsförslagen för socialt utsatta grupper i socialt utsatta områden presenterade av regeringen i 34-punktsprogrammet. Detta via en jämförande analys av texten i förhållande till Brottsförebyggande Rådets kunskapsöversikt inom samma problemområde. Denna undersökning grundar sig i frågeställningarna om vilka åtgärder 34-punktsprogrammet och Brottsförebyggande rådets översikt presenterar samt hur de överensstämmer vad gäller åtgärdsmål och målgrupp. Underlaget för studiens bakgrund ger läsaren förutsättningar att förstå brottsprevention i förhållande till brottsförebyggande åtgärder, 34-punktprogrammets innebörd och centrala aktörer i det brottsförebyggande arbetet. Med stöd av studiens tematiska innehållsanalys har flertal gemensamma teman återfunnits där samverkan och ökad kunskap varit betydande i brottsförebyggande arbetet mot gängkriminaliteten i socialt utsatta områden. Studiens resultat har däremot visat på att det råder en viss diskrepans vad gäller definitionen av socialt utsatta grupper och socialt utsatta områden samt en vaghet om hur 34-punktsprogrammet förhåller sig till Brå’s kunskapsöversikt. Studiens resultat möjliggör förslag på vidare forskning i form av jämförelse med internationell forskning. Ännu ett förslag är att undersöka huruvida en gemensam definition av brottsförebyggande arbete påverkar beredningen av kriminalpolitiska åtgärdsförslag. Ett slutligt aktuellt förslag är även att undersöka effektiviteten av åtgärderna för att tillhandahålla information om huruvida åtgärderna är tillämpningsbara inom svensk kriminalpolitik. / The purpose of the study was to examine the three crime prevention measures for socially vulnerable groups in socially vulnerable areas presented by the government in the 34-point program. The purpose is fulfilled by a comparative analysis of the 34-point program in relation to the Crime Prevention Council's research review within the same problem area. This study is based on what measures the 34-point program and the Crime Prevention Council's research review present, as well as how they correspond in terms of action goals and target group. The basis for the study's background provides the reader with the prerequisites to understand crime prevention in relation to crime prevention measures, the meaning of the 34-point program and key actors in crime prevention work. With the support of the study's thematic content analysis, several common themes have been found where collaboration and increased knowledge have been significant in crime prevention work against gang crime in socially vulnerable areas. The results of the study, on the other hand, have shown that there is a certain discrepancy regarding the definition of socially vulnerable groups and socially vulnerable areas, as well as a vagueness about how the 34-point program relates to Crime Prevention Council's research review. The results of the study enable proposals for further research in the form of comparison with international research. Another proposal is to investigate whether a common definition of crime prevention work affects the preparation of criminal policy measures. A final current proposal is also to investigate the effectiveness of the measures to provide information on whether the measures are applicable in Swedish criminal policy.

The main objective of this research is to analyse the role that traditional leadership plays in partnership policing in Limpopo, particularly in the Giyani and Malamulele areas, South Africa. Given the challenges associated with traditional initiation schools, the study investigated factors that hinder the effective participation of traditional leadership in partnership policing; explored the extent of partnership policing in rural areas in Limpopo that are led by traditional leaders; and examined best practices with regard to the roles of traditional leadership in partnership policing. Potential areas of non-compliance with and ignorance of the law, and the Constitution, were identified. The role of traditional leadership in other African countries, such as Ghana, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Namibia and Botswana, was also analysed. A comprehensive literature study on traditional leadership and international best practices on partnership policing was conducted. Traditional leaders play a vital role in the development process. Furthermore, traditional leaders play a significant role in resource mobilisation and political stability. The primary question guiding this study is: What is the role of traditional leadership in partnership policing in the rural areas of Limpopo? During the research process, in-depth interviews, non-participative observation and focus group interviews were conducted with the relevant role players. These role players included Chiefs, Indunas and Headmen, SAPS representatives, representatives from the Department of Community Safety and Liaison, as well as representatives from the Department of Cooperative Government and Traditional Affairs in Limpopo. The study fulfilled the following objectives:  Identified factors that hinder the effective participation of traditional leadership in partnership policing;  Explored the extent of partnership policing in rural areas, in Limpopo, led by traditional leaders; and  Examined international best practices with regard to the role of traditional leadership in partnership policing. Based on the findings of this study, a Multi-Stakeholder Partnership Policing Strategy (MSPPS) was developed. This strategy could serve as a recommendation to advise the SAPS of a more substantial role that traditional leadership could fulfil in partnership policing in the rural areas of Limpopo; this would also contribute towards further identifying best practices with a view to benchmark such a strategy in rural areas throughout South Africa. This study makes a significant contribution to the improvement of working relations between the police and traditional leadership in Limpopo. Secondly, the study promotes nation-building, harmony and peace between traditional leadership, the SAPS and other relevant stakeholders in the quest to prevent crimes associated with traditional cultural practices. / Political Sciences / D. Litt. et Phil. (Police Science)

This study explores the utilisation of spatial technologies as a tool to analyse and combat crime. The study deals specifically with remote sensing and its potential for being integrated with geographical information systems (GIS). The integrated spatial approach resulted in the understanding of land use class behaviour over time and its relationship to specific crime incidents per police precinct area. The incorporation of spatial technologies to test criminological theories in practice, such as the ecological theories of criminology, provides the science with strategic value. It proves the value of combining multi-disciplinary scientific fields to create a more advanced platform to understand land use behaviour and its relationship to crime. Crime in South Africa is a serious concern and it impacts negatively on so many lives. The fear of crime, the loss of life, the socio-economic impact of crime, etc. create the impression that the battle against crime has been lost. The limited knowledge base within the law enforcement agencies, limited logistical resources and low retention rate of critical staff all contribute to making the reduction of crime more difficult to achieve. A practical procedure of using remote sensing technology integrated with geographical information systems (GIS), overlaid with geo-coded crime data to provide a spatial technological basis to analyse and combat crime, is illustrated by a practical study of the Tshwane municipality area. The methodology applied in this study required multi-skilled resources incorporating GIS and the understanding of crime to integrate the diverse scientific fields into a consolidated process that can contribute to the combating of crime in general. The existence of informal settlement areas in South Africa stresses the socio-economic problems that need to be addressed as there is a clear correlation of land use data with serious crime incidents in these areas. The fact that no formal cadastre exists for these areas, combined with a great diversity in densification and growth of the periphery, makes analysis very difficult without remote sensing imagery. Revisits over time to assess changes in these areas in order to adapt policing strategies will create an improved information layer for responding to crime. Final computerised maps generated from remote sensing and GIS layers are not the only information that can be used to prevent and combat crime. An important recipe for ultimately successfully managing and controlling crime in South Africa is to strategically combine training of the law enforcement agencies in the use of spatial information with police science. The researcher concludes with the hope that this study will contribute to the improved utilisation of spatial technology to analyse and combat crime in South Africa. The ultimate vision is the expansion of the science of criminology by adding an advanced spatial technology module to its curriculum. / Criminology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Criminology)

The South African mining industry has not been shielded from the criminal threat the country faces. In this case study, the nature and extent of asset theft at one of the largest mining companies in South Africa is analysed. The crime prevention strategy adopted by the mine to curb asset theft was studied over a period of five years. This involved a survey of the views of the security managers on the effectiveness of the strategy implemented by the mine. Against the background of the South African Government’s broad description of the crime prevention approach adopted by the country, the researcher explored whether it would be practicable to implement an integrated crime prevention strategy – encompassing situational, social and law enforcement crime prevention approaches on primary, secondary and tertiary level – at the participating mine in order to curb asset theft. / Police Practice / M. Tech. (Policing)

The advent of democracy in South Africa brought hope for freedom and prosperity for millions of South Africans. The country also experienced an increase in violent crime during those early years of democracy. In order to deal with the threat of crime the government had to develop policing strategies which would eradicate crime and fear of crime. As a young democracy South Africa had to look for policing models which has successfully decreased the high crime rate in developed countries. Fortunately the western democracies like the United Kingdom, United States of America and Australia had some of these answers. Firstly it was community policing, then sector policing, and finally intelligence led policing. This research focuses on the intelligence led policing model by discussing its building blocks in chronological order as follows. Firstly is the historical background of intelligence; Secondly, is information collection; Thirdly is crime analysis; and Fourthly is the Intelligence-cycle, with specific focus on the implementation process in England in the United Kingdom; New Jersey in the United States of America, South Australia State in Australia; and in the Republic of South Africa. A questionnaire was used to collect data on the implementation of intelligence led policing by the South African Police Service / Police Practice / D. Litt. et Phil. (Police Science)

Summaries in English and Afrikaans / This research project was undertaken to establish what influence the lack of discipline amongst prisoners and members of Correctional Services has on the rehabilitation of offenders. A complete literature study was done to investigate the current lack of discipline amongst prisoners and members. Discipline is also brought into relationship with community based sentences such as Correctional Supervision as well as the involvement of the community in the release of prisoners. Positive rehabilitation can lead to crime prevention but the Department of Correctional Services and the community will have to take hands to reach this common goal. This subject needs further research in order to make recommendations to promote rehabilitation of off enders and to uplift the standard of discipline within the Department of Correctional Services. / Hierdie ondersoek is onderneem om die invloed van gevangenes en personeeldissipline binne die Departement Korrektiewe Dienste in verband te bring met die invloed wat dit het op die rehabilitasie van oortreders. 'n Volledige literatuurstudie is gedoen om die huidige tendens van swak dissipline onder gevangenes sowel as lede te ondersoek. Die dissipline word ook in verband gebring met gemeenskapgebaseerde vonnisse soos byvoorbeeld Korrektiewe toesig sowel as die betrokkenheid van die gemeenskap by die vrylating van oortreders. Positiewe rehabilitasie kan lei tot misdaadvoorkoming, maar dan sal die Departement Korrektiewe Dienste en die gemeenskap moet hande vat om hierdie gemeenskaplike doel te bereik. Verdere navorsing in die verband word beoog om sodoende werkbare aanbevelings te kan doen ten opsigte van beter dissipline onder gevangenes en personeel van die Departement Korrektiewe Dienste. / Penology / M.A. (Penology)

Police Practice / DLitt et Phil. (Police Practice)

No abstract or keywords allocated in thesis / Department of Penology / D.Litt. et Phil.

The research was conducted as a result of the researcher‟s concern that the possibility exists that members of the different law enforcement agencies in South Africa might have a misconception about the mandate and functions of the Financial Intelligence Centre. If such a misconception in fact exists, it poses a huge challenge towards fruitful co-operation among the Centre and the different law enforcement agencies. The researcher identified certain practical problems, namely, that investigators are not aware of the types of intelligence that the Centre could provide them with, and that investigators might not be informed about the specific procedures to follow when they need to request intelligence from the Centre. The research has shown that, in the past, the Centre has been a useful source of crime intelligence concerning a range of predicate offences including narcotics, fraud and tax related crimes. The research has further found that, although the majority of participants gained a lot of experience in law enforcement and investigations, they had limited awareness about the Financial Intelligence Centre and its functions. This research project studied the utilisation of the Financial Intelligence Centre as a crime intelligence source. / Police Practice / M. Tech. (Forensic Investigation)

The threat posed by non-ferrous metal theft to industries in South Africa is substantial but is also regarded with indifference. A reason for this view may be that the criminal act is ordinarily not accompanied by violence and the target of the crime is an object that is far removed from the vicinity of the majority of South Africans. Non-ferrous metal theft may sometimes even be erroneously termed a victimless crime. This study endeavours to shed light on the complexities of non-ferrous metal theft and the industrial dangers that may be suffered if this crime is not eradicated. A case study from the mining industry was used to examine the nature and extent of non-ferrous metal theft. A mixed methods approach was followed in terms of which qualitative and quantitative research was done sequentially to provide the best possible representation of the situation. The participant allowed access to data over a six-year period as well as access to mine employees for interviews to assist with understanding the safety and security measures that the mine put in place to protect its workforce. This information led to another realisation, namely that if non-ferrous metal thieves cut an electricity supply line that is critical for life support and transportation in the mine, mineworkers may succumb to the harsh conditions underground. It also became evident that the police and the criminal justice system must develop a better understanding of the seriousness of non-ferrous metal theft. If this does not happen in the near future, managing the consequences of nonferrous metal theft at South African mines will become a mammoth task. Such mines and other industries affected by non-ferrous metal related theft must collaborate with each other and the police in order to understand the nature of the crime and to ensure that the prosecution of the perpetrators is handled properly. These industries should also subscribe to a pragmatic approach to crime prevention whereby various components from different crime prevention strategies are used to address the issues being experienced and whereby a unique crime prevention model for each industry and mining site can be developed. / Police Practice / M.A. (Policing)