Para realizar trabajos de traducción, los estudiantes de Traducción hacen uso de sus competencias culturales e interculturales para atender los focos de dificultad cultural que se presenten en el proceso traslativo. Si bien existen investigaciones sobre problemas culturales en la traducción, aún no hay suficientes estudios dedicados a analizar cómo se aplican las competencias culturales para atender estos problemas, sobre todo en el contexto peruano. Por ello, en la presente investigación se analizará de qué manera los estudiantes de la carrera de Traducción e Interpretación Profesional de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas aplican sus competencias culturales para identificar y solucionar problemas culturales. Con el fin de obtener resultados, este estudio se centrará en estudiantes que cursen las asignaturas de Traducción Directa II y Traducción Inversa I, ya que en estas asignaturas los estudiantes aplican los conocimientos culturales previamente desarrollados en trabajos de traducción. Para el desarrollo de esta investigación se propone utilizar las técnicas de análisis de documentos, observación y entrevistas. El análisis de documentos será útil para analizar las traducciones de los estudiantes y conocer las técnicas de traducción aplicadas. La observación a sesiones de las asignaturas seleccionadas permitirá conocer los problemas culturales que identificaron y, por último, las entrevistas ayudarán a comprender el proceso traslativo de cada estudiante, es decir, las estrategias empleadas para atender los problemas culturales identificados. / In order to carry out translation tasks, translation students use their cultural and intercultural competences to deal with cultural problems that appear in the translational process. Although there are researches on cultural problems in translation, there are still not enough studies focused on analyzing how cultural competences are applied to address these problems, especially in the Peruvian context. Therefore, this research will analyze how Translation and Interpreting students from Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas apply their cultural competences to identify and solve cultural problems. In order to obtain results, this study will focus on students who are taking Traducción Directa II y Traducción Inversa I, since the students apply the cultural knowledge previously developed in translation tasks in these subjects. For the development of this research, it is planned to use the techniques of document analysis, observation and interviews. The analysis of documents will be useful to analyze students' translations and to learn about the translation techniques they have applied. The observation of the selected subjects will allow us to understand the cultural problems they have identified and finally, the interviews will help us to understand the translation process of each student. / Trabajo de investigación

The problem of cross-cultural complexities is a hindrance to effective multicultural team leadership across many industries. Cultural differences among project team members cause conflict, misunderstanding, and poor project performance. The absence of competent leaders is a problem because business in the future will rely increasingly on the use of multicultural project teams. The purpose of this qualitative exploratory case study was to explore the challenges faced and the cultural competencies needed by project managers leading multicultural software development project teams to successfully manage and resolve cross-cultural interpersonal conflict amongst project team members. The researcher collected data using semi-structured interviews with the population of 12 project managers recruited from the Project Management Institute’s credentialed project management professionals LinkedIn group. Through a cross-case synthesis, the researcher identified common themes and aligned them with the two study constructs: cross-cultural interpersonal conflict resolution and multicultural skills. The findings of the research revealed that the project managers perceived challenges including language barriers, cycles of mistrust, and competitive attitudes when managing multicultural teams. In order to mitigate these difficulties, the participants reported that project managers require excellent communication, negotiation, and emotional intelligence skills. The contributions of this study to the field of conflict analysis and resolution include highlighting common cross-cultural complexities encountered in multicultural teams, as well as effective methods of minimizing, eliminating, or mitigating these issues and the resulting interpersonal conflict.

Bakgrund: I Sverige har var femte elev i skolan utländsk bakgrund. Dessa elever kan ha svårt att finna sin position i skolan och kan därför behöva utökat stöd från skolsköterskor. Tidigare forskning visar att barn uppskattar att vara delaktiga och att det bidrar till hälsa och utveckling. Skolsköterskors kulturella kompetens möjliggör att främja delaktighet hos elever med utländsk bakgrund. Dock saknas tidigare forskning om skolsköterskors arbetssätt för att främja delaktighet hos elever med utländsk bakgrund.  Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva skolsköterskors arbetssätt för att främja delaktighet hos elever 6–19 år med utländsk bakgrund vid hälsobesök. Metod: Beskrivande design med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. En enkät med åtta stycken öppna frågor som besvarats av 117 stycken skolsköterskor yrkesverksamma i Sverige. Resultat: Skolsköterskornas arbetar elevcentrerat utifrån elevens behov och bakgrund. Detta beskrivs som: Att förbereda hälsobesöket och Att ha eleven i fokus. Slutsats: Skolsköterskorna kombinerar kulturell kompetens och ett hälsofrämjande arbetssätt genom befolkningsindividualisering för att främja delaktighet hos elever 6–19 år med utländsk bakgrund. Det framkommer dock en motstridighet i resultatet. Skolsköterskorna beskriver bland annat att de behandlar alla elever lika oavsett barnets bakgrund men att de samtidigt gör särskilda åtgärder när de möter elever med utländsk bakgrund för att främja deras delaktighet. Det kan innebära att skolsköterskornas formella och kliniska kulturella kompetens är otillräcklig och att utbildning inom kulturell kompetens kan vara betydelsefullt. Det kan även vara betydelsefullt att skolsköterskorna integrerar sin kulturella kompetens i sitt hälsofrämjande arbetssätt för att främja delaktighet för elever med utländsk bakgrund. / Background: In Sweden, every fifth pupil in school are of foreign background. These pupils may have difficulties in finding their position in school and society, and may be in need of increased support from the school nurses. Previous research shows that children appreciate participation in their own context and that participation contributes to increased health and development. Cultural skills may improve the promotion of participation in pupils with a foreign background. No previous research on how school nurses work to promote participation for pupils with a foreign background has been identified. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe school nurses approach to promote participation in pupils 6–19 years with a foreign background in health visits. Method: A descriptive design with qualitative content analysis. A survey with eight open questions answered by 117 school nurses in Sweden. Results: The school nurses are working pupil-centered based on the pupil’s background and needs. This is described as: Preparing the health visit and Focusing on the pupil. Conclusion: The school nurses combine cultural skills with health promotion to promote participation in pupils 6-19 years of foreign background. However, there is a contradiction in the results. The school nurses describe, among other things, that they treat all pupils equally regardless of background but at the same time they do specific efforts when encountering pupils of foreign background to promote their participation. This could mean that the formal and clinical cultural skills of the school nurses are insufficient and that education in cultural skills can be significant. It may also be important that the school nurses integrate cultural skills into their health promotion approach to promote participation for pupils with a foreign background.