Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2008. / Thesis Advisor(s): Lucas, Thomas W. "June 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on August 25, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-126). Also available in print.

Thesis (DPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 1992. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Culture is and always will be of paramount importance to man. If the culture base is threatened, serious conflict and other problems will ensue. Even though there has been talk about a so-called internationalism that denotes a world devoid of different cultures, reality has caught up with the much advocated "melting pot" theory. Depriving groups of their cultural rights, or simply overlooking these rights, can result in a dangerous "boiling pot". Each culture group has a need for its own identity. Because only a small portion of the world population live in culturally homogenious states the potential for conflict is great between different groups that want to uphold and develop their own cultures. This is especially true where minority and majority groups exist within the same national boundaries. For any minority group wishing to preserve and develop its culture a logical solution would be to organize people in cultural organizations to maximize their effectiveness in attaining their goals. In this study, the task and activities of the cultural organization are examined, especially in respect of preserving, maintaining, and developing the culture of a specific group, in particular within minority cultures. Firstly, minorities as a group are discussed, with special reference to their particular needs, conflicts and threats and the conditions for survival.Subsequently, culture as a humanphenomenonis examined. In chapter 3 the cultural organization as a distinct organization, with its own characteristics, problems and success factors, is discussed. Chapter 4 examines cultural organizations and analyzes different ones, especially those of minority groups. Chapter 5 discusses Afrikaans cultural organizations along broad lines, emphasizing their chronological development, problems, inadequacies and challenges. The ATKV, as a minority cultural organization, and its activities are extensively discussed in the followingchapter. In conclusion, the study deals with the requirements and challenges for the successful task fulfilment of cultural organizations in order to understand, plan and evaluate their important task, especially within minority cultures. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kultuur is en bly vir die mens van wesentlike belang. Wanneer die kulturele basis bedreig of aangeraak word, vind ernstige teenreaksie plaas met gepaardgaande konflik en probleme. Alhoewel daar dikwels al gepraat is van internasionalisme in die sin van wegdoening met kulturele en volksbande, is hierdie siening as verkeerd bewys, want elke kultuurgroep het 'n besondere behoefte aan 'n eie kulturele identiteit. Aangesien slegs In klein gedeelte van die wereldbevolking in homogene state leef, is die potensiaal vir konflik tussen verskillende kultuurgroepe, wat elkeen streef na die behoud en uitbouing van die eie, groote Die voorkoms van minderhede, wat toenemend bewus raak van hul eie identiteit, is In feit en vera! waar minderheidsgroepe saam met meerderheidsgroepe voorkom, verhoog die konflikpotensiaal. Vir enige minderheidsgroep Ie 'n logiese oplossing vir die behoud en uitbouing van eie kulturele regte in die organisering van mense in kultuurorganisasies om In kollektiewe en meer effektiewe bedingingsmag te verkry. In hierdie studie word die taak en werksaamhede van kultuurorganisasies ten opsigte van van 'n spesifieke groep minderheidskultuurgroepe. die bewaring, handhawing en uitbouing se kultuur ondersoek, veral binne Eerstens word gekyk na die samestelling van minderheidsgroepe met hul eiesoortige behoeftes, konflikte en bedreigings, asook voorvereistes vir hul voortbestaan. Daarna word kultuur as menslike verskynsel bespreek. Hoofstuk 3 word gewy aan die kultuurorganisasie as In eiesoortige organisasie met sy eie kenmerke, probleme en suksesfaktore. Die kultuurorganisasie in praktyk, vera! binne minderheidsgroepe, kom in hoofstuk 4 aan die bod en word daar ontledend gekyk na verskillende kultuurorganisasies. In hoofstuk 5 word Afrikaanse kultuurorganisasies breedweg bespreek en word vera! gekyk na die organisasies se kronologiese ontwikkeling, asook probleme, leemtes en uitdagings. Daarna word die ATKV as In minderheidskultuurorganisasie, met sy werksaamhede in die praktyk indringend bespreek. Ten slotte word die vereistes en uitdagings op die pad van kultuurorganisasies vir suksesvolle en effektiewe taakvervulling bespreek om sodoende die belangrike taak van die kultuurorganisasie, vera! binne minderheidskultuurgroepe, te verstaan, te beplan en te beoordeel.

Dans les œuvres des artistes Majida KHATTARI, Shadi GHADIRIAN et Shirin ALIABADI, le corps féminin concentre à lui une large panoplie de conceptions actuelles et traditionnelles des sociétés de culture musulmane. Leurs pratiques artistiques présentent un support où se manifestent des pouvoirs politiques et religieux, de diverses contraintes sociales et de traditions, de publicités, de consumérisme, d’aspirations à un « monde meilleur »... À travers le dispositif plastique et à travers quelques données d’ordre historique et sociologique, cette thèse vise à étudier les formes et les modalités des différentes strates de cette surcharge symbolique dégagée par le corps des femmes, et qui se conjugue à travers certains codes vestimentaires, de parures et de maquillage. / In the works of the artists Majida Khattari, Shadi Ghadirian and Shirin ALIABADI, the female body focuses its broad range of current and traditional conceptions of Muslim societies. Their artistic practices have a medium where appears strong political and religious powers, various social constraints and traditions, advertising, consumerism, aspirations to a « better world »... Through the artistic layout and through some historical and sociological data, this thesis aims to study the forms and modalities of the different layers of this symbolic overload released by the female body, which is combined through certain dress codes, ornaments and make-up.