Magistrantūros studijų baigiamajame darbe analizuojama griovių ir juose esančių statinių būklė Šakių rajone. Darbo apimtis 61 puslapis kompiuteriu spausdinto teksto, įskaitant 8 lenteles ir 29 paveikslus. Naudotos literatūros sąrašą sudaro 24 literatūros šaltiniai. Darbo tikslas – atlikti griovių ir juose esančių statinių būklės analizę Šakių rajone. Nepriklausomybės metais, skiriant melioracijos darbams mažiau lėšų, melioracijos statinių būklė palaipsniui blogėjo. Remiantis naujausiais 2007 metų inventorizavimo duomenimis, Šakių rajone neveikiančio arba blogai veikiančio drenažo plotas sudarė 5641,32 ha, o išbrauktas iš apskaitos plotas sudarė 144,7 ha. Viso to pasekmė yra ta, kad melioruota žemė nebuvo dirbama, drenažo rinktuvai užsikimšo medžių ir augmenijos šaknimis, pamiškėje drenuoti plotai užaugo menkaverčiu mišku, krūmais. Šiuo metu magistralinių griovių ilgis Šakių rajone yra 1239,30 km, iš kurių 613,77 km blogos būklės. Kaip ir visi melioraciniai statiniai, taip ir grioviai nėra amžini. Nuslinkus šlaitui, nusėdus dugne nešmenims, priaugus žolių, patekus įvairiems kliuviniams, sugriuvus pralaidoms ir drenažo žiotims, grioviai praranda savo paskirtį ir patvenkia drenažo sistemas, sumažina drenažo veikimo efektyvumą, pablogindami dirbamų žemių sausėjimą. Taigi, tvarkingas griovys sąlygoja normalų vandens ištekėjimą iš drenažo žiočių ir dageliu atveju padeda išvengti brangių drenažo sistemos rekonstrukcijos darbų. Lietuvoje yra 56808 pralaidų, iš kurių 23632 yra blogos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In the final work of master studies is analysed the state of trenches and theirs constructions in Sakiai region. The work consists of 61 pages of printed text, including 8 tables and 29 pictures. 24 references have been used. The aim of the final work – to summarize the whole information about trenches and their existent buildings in Sakiai region. During the independent years, with less means being assigned for land reclamation works, the technical state of land reclamation structures worsened in time. According to the newest inventory data of 2007, the area of badly functioning or non-functioning drainage made up 5641,32 ha, whereas the area deleted from the accounting made up 144,7 ha. Such situation occurred because of the following facts: reclaimed lands were not cultivated, drain manifolds became obstructed with the roots of trees and vegetation, on the forest outskirts the drained areas overgrew with not valuable forests and shrubs. At present the length of the main ditches in Sakiai district is 1239,30 km, of which 613,77 km are in bad state. Ditches, as all land reclamation structures, are not imperishable. After the slope slipping, the depositing of sediments, the overgrowing with grasses, the collapse of culverts and drainage mouth ditches loose their purpose and overflow drainage systems as well as decrease the efficiency of drainage systems and worsen the draining of cultivated lands. So, ditches that are in good condition determine the regular water outflow from... [to full text]

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Sweden is often identified as one of the countries where implementation of Agenda 2030 and the Sustainable Development goals (SDGs) is high. There is still, however, considerable room for improvements, especially considering the mitigation of climate change, and in addition, the reinterpretation of Agenda 2030 and the SDGs have been proven challenging in Swedish sustainability governance. Infrastructure, responsible for approximately 80%, has been identified as an area where strategies for climate change mitigation are likely to have a significant impact. Simultaneously, infrastructure development has been identified as key in driving human development and fulfilling Agenda 2030 and the SDGs. As sustainable infrastructure is becoming increasingly important, understanding what constitutes sustainable infrastructure is essential. Using a case study approach, this study explores the conceptualization and integration of sustainability in Sweden, explicitly focusing on road culvert replacements in northern Sweden. The findings reveal a lack of a shared understanding of what constitutes sustainable transport infrastructure but show a partially shared understanding of what constitutes sustainable road culvert replacement practices. The analysis highlights challenges faced by public organizations in implementing sustainability and emphasizes the importance of stakeholder collaboration and knowledge exchange. This research provides insights into strategies for integrating sustainability into road culvert replacements and highlights the importance of stakeholder collaboration for sustainable outcomes, contributing to future sustainable infrastructure development.

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Buried culvert has its contribution in improving the convenience and quality of human life. The research of buried culvert in the past decades makes it to serve people more widely and efficiently. The research project of Cross Canyon culvert is one of them. A computer program was used in this study. The overburden-dependent soil model was chosen to represent the stress states of the soil in the backfill. The triaxial shear test data were converted into an overburden-dependent soil model and then this converted soil model was modified. The modified soil model was obtained when the difference of the measured and computed crown vertical displacement was minimized. The parametric studies were done after the modified soil model was obtained. In this research, the parametric studies were (1) Effects of different inclusion material on the culvert, (2) Effects of polystyrene plank wrapped around the culvert, (3) Effects of concrete bedding, (4) Effects of compaction. It was found that the material of inclusion had great influence on the moments of the culvert between the position of crown and 45 degrees. The concrete bedding was not a good practice because the moments were increased largely compared with those moments without concrete bedding. Finally, the compaction did not have much effects on the behavior of the culvert. / Master of Science

Master of Science