Orientador: Fábio Ramôa Pires / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T10:43:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Romanach_MarioJose_D.pdf: 5231704 bytes, checksum: 202539e51f52c9c5972d8aedecc9f4c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Cistos gengival do adulto (CGA), periodontal lateral (CPL) e odontogênico glandular (COG) são cistos odontogênicos raros que apresentam características microscópicas similares e comportamento clínico distinto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar o perfil clínico-patológico e imunoistoquímico de 45 casos destes três tipos de cistos odontogênicos (CGA = 14, CPL = 15, COG = 16) oriundos de 4 diferentes laboratórios de Patologia Oral. Os CGAs acometeram principalmente na gengiva da região de pré-molares inferiores de mulheres com média de idade de 56 anos. Os CPLs acometeram principalmente as regiões anterior e de pré-molares da mandíbula de mulheres com média de idade de 54 anos. Os COGs acometeram principalmente a região de molares mandibulares de mulheres com média de idade de 50 anos. Microscopicamente, epitélio com espessura maior que 5 camadas contendo estruturas intra-epiteliais pseudo-ductais, células colunares e mucosas foram observadas predominantemente nos COGs quando comparados aos CGAs e CPLs. A positividade para CK 5 e CD138 foi encontrada principalmente nas camadas basal e intermediária enquanto que CKs 8 e 19 marcaram as camadas intermediária e superficial dos três tipos de cistos. COGs apresentaram índice de positividade para p63 aumentado (59%) em relação aos encontrados em CGAs (26%) e CPLs (48%). A cápsula de COGs mostrou maior positividade para actina de músculo liso-alfa e CD138 quando comparada aos CPLs e CGAs. Concluimos que CGA, CPL e COG possuem características histopatológicas e imunoistoquímicas similares que podem justificar uma provável origem comum / Abstract: Gingival cyst of adult (GCA), lateral periodontal cyst (LPC) and glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) are rare odontogenic cysts that present similar microscopic features and distinct clinical behavior. The aim of the present study was to compare the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical profile of 45 cases of these 3 types of odontogenic cysts (GCA = 14, LPC = 15, GOC = 16) from 4 different Oral Pathology laboratories. GCA mainly affected the gingiva of the lower pre-molars region of women with median age of 56 years-old. LPC mainly affected the anterior and pre-molars regions of the mandible of women with median age of 54 years-old. GOC mainly affected the mandibular molars region of women with median age of 50 years-old. Microscopically, epithelium with more than 5 layers containing duct-like intraepithelial structures and colunar and mucous cells were predominantly observed in GOC when compared to GCA and LPC. The positivity for CK 5 and CD138 was mainly observed in the basal and intermediate layers while CK 8 and CK 19 staining was seen in the intermediate and superficial layers of the cystic epithelium in all cysts. GOC presented higher p63 positivity index (59%) comparing with those found in GCA (26%) and LPC (48%). The connective tissue capsule of GOC exhibited higher positivity for smooth muscle actin and CD138 when comparing with GCA and LPC. We conclude the GCA, LPC and GOC share similar microscopic and immunohistochemical features that could justify a likely common origin / Doutorado / Patologia / Doutor em Estomatopatologia

Zysten und zystenähnliche Erkrankungen sind häufig auftretende Krankheiten des Ober- sowie Unterkiefers. Das Ziel der durchgeführten Studie war es, die Prävalenz und die topografische Verteilung von Kieferzysten für eine Leipziger Population darzustellen. Dafür wurden aus 4245 oralpathologischen Fällen der Jahre 2000 bis 2010 jene herausgefiltert, die einen Bezug zur Zielstellung aufwiesen. Es wurden Daten von 1336 Fällen (31,5%) ermittelt und retrospektiv ausgewertet. Die Auswertung erfolgte an Hand folgender Merkmale: Alter, histologische Beurteilung, Geschlecht, Größe, Lokalisation, Vorliegen eines Rezidivs, sowie entzündliche oder regressive Veränderung. Mit 932 Fällen stellten radikuläre Zysten die größte Gruppe (69,8%), gefolgt von follikulären Zysten (n=257; 19,2%), keratozystischen odontogenen Tumoren (n=62; 4,6%) sowie Residualzysten (n=54; 4,0%). Jeweils mit Anteilen kleiner als 1% wurden die folgenden Entitäten festgestellt: Ameloblastome (n=12), laterale parodontale Zysten (n=5), solitäre Knochenzysten (n=5), nasopalatinale Zysten (n=3), aneurysmatische Knochenzysten (n=2), paradentale Zysten (n=2), sowie Eruptionszysten als auch glanduläre odontogene Zysten (jeweils n=1). Mit 62,4% aller Patienten waren Männer signifikant häufiger betroffen (833 zu 502). 52,5% aller Zysten traten im Unterkiefer auf, damit signifikant öfter als im Oberkiefer (701 zu 603 Fälle). Die Altersspannweite reichte von einem bis zu 92 Jahren. Durchschnittliche trat eine Zyste erstmals mit 42,86 ± 17,30 Jahre (n=1335) auf. Weiterhin betrug die Durchschnittsgröße einer Zyste 1,17 ± 0,9 cm (n=1327). In 1101 Fällen (82,5%) konnte eine entzündliche Komponente histologisch nachgewiesen werden, vordergründig bei radikulären (n=932) sowie follikulären Zysten (n=106). Rezidive einer Erkrankung wurden in 17 Fällen beschrieben, besonders oft in keratozystischen odontogen Tumoren (n=8) sowie Ameloblastomen (n=4). Regressive Veränderungen konnten an 9 Zysten festgestellt werden, mit 4 Fällen am häufigsten bei keratozystischen odontogenen Tumoren. Die Prävalenz als auch die Verteilung der Kieferzysten in Leipzig zeigte sich in weiten Teilen sehr ähnlich zu den aus anderen Populationen.

<p>Through the analysis of the stratigraphic and spatial distribution of organic walled dinoflagellate cysts (dinocysts) from climatologically and oceanographically key sites, this project aims to contribute to a better understanding of the Eocene-Oligocene (E/O) environmental changes and their timing. A central issue is to identify the global environmental changes which are responsible for the Eocene cooling and its underlying mechanisms with the focus on the Oligocene isotope-1 (Oi-1) event, thought to mark the onset of major Antarctic glaciation.</p><p>Two low-latitude sites were selected, Blake Nose (western North Atlantic) and Massignano (central Italy). For the first time a coherent taxonomy and biostratigraphy of dinocysts was established for the late Eocene at these latitudes. A high resolution correlation was established between the Massignano E/O Stratotype Section and the stratigraphically more extended ‘Massicore’. The composite section was used to analyse sea surface temperature (SST) change across the greenhouse-icehouse transition by means of dinocyst distribution.</p><p>At Massignano, the Oi-1 event was recognised both qualitatively and quantitatively. In the power spectrum of the SST_dino the ~100 and ~400 kyr eccentricity cycles may be distinguished and correlated with La04. When orbitally tuned, the E/O GSSP dates ~100 kyr older than the Oi-1 event. The boundary’s age could either be ~33.75 or ~34.1 Ma, both differ significantly from the ~33.9 Ma age in the GTS 2004.</p><p>Furthermore, when the data from the low-latitude sites were combined with extensive datasets from the Proto North Atlantic and adjacent regions, a suite of species sensitive to changes in SST was recognised. Their first and last occurrences reflect seven distinct phases of decreasing SSTs during the Middle Eocene to earliest Oligocene.</p><p>These results clearly indicate that atmospheric cooling together with higher frequency orbital forcing played a key role in the transition from the Greenhouse to the Icehouse world.</p>

Our knowledge of how oil spills affect coastal environments is severely limited by the shortage of research that addresses the impact of these events on phytoplankton, the single most important group of organisms in the marine ecosystem. This scarcity of knowledge is mainly attributed to the absence of baseline data, preventing the comparison of pre- and post-spill populations. This unique study aims to identify how dinoflagellates and diatoms, the two major groups of phytoplankton in coastal marine environments, have been affected by the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill in Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska. To do this, sedimentary records of dinoflagellate cysts, produced during a dinoflagellate's life cycle and preserved in the sediment, and biogenic silica, a proxy for diatom abundance, were analyzed prior to, during and after the oil spill. The analysis of two well-dated cores in PWS reveals marked increases during the oil spill in the concentrations of total cysts of the species Operculodinium centrocarpum sensu Wall and Dale, (1966) and Dubridinium spp. Total cyst concentrations doubled in core P-10 from 362 to 749 per g, while in core P-12 the increase was from 1175 to 1771 cysts g-1. During this peak in cyst concentrations, total concentrations were 3 and 2 standard deviations greater than the mean in cores P-10 and P-12, respectively. Dubridinium spp. showed a five and sevenfold increase in concentrations in cores P-10 (4 to 20 cysts g-1) and P-12 (16 to 110 cysts g-1), respectively, while O. centrocarpum sensu Wall and Dale, (1966) doubled in concentrations in the two cores (P-10: 117 to 276 cysts g-1; P-12: 268 to 495 cysts g-1). Biogenic silica values did not show significant changes throughout the cores, with values varying between 8% and 9% in core P-10 and 9.0% to 10.9% in core P-12. These changes lie within or very close to the standard deviation of the analyzed standards, suggesting that much of the changes could be analytical noise. The dinoflagellate cyst signals seen in this study are comparable to those seen as a result of nutrient enrichment in estuarine systems, suggesting that the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill and its remediation had a stimulatory effect on some taxa of cyst- producing dinoflagellates. This impact appears to be short-lived, with cyst concentrations returning to pre-spill levels within two years of the event. The lack of change in diatom abundance, on the other hand, suggest that diatom abundance remained relatively constant during the entirety of the sample period. / Graduate / 2020-07-10

The first high resolution record of dinoflagellate cysts ~110-155 kyr over Termination II and the last interglacial in the Santa Barbara Basin, California from ODP Hole 893A details a complex paleoceanographic history. Changes in cyst abundances, concentrations, diversity, and assemblages reflect climatic and ocean circulation changes, and are successfully used to make quantitative reconstructions of past sea surface temperatures and annual primary productivity with the modern analogue technique based on a dinoflagellate cyst database from the northeast Pacific. The dominance of heterotrophic dinoflagellate cyst taxa Brigantedinium spp. throughout most of the section indicates coastal upwelling is an important influence on the basin. Based on the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages, five cyst zones are identified and approximately correspond to the marine isotope stage boundaries and their associated changes in sea surface temperatures and sea level. Cooler intervals, MIS 6 and MIS 5d, are characterized by cold-water indicator species Selenopemphix undulata whereas thermophyllic taxon Spiniferites mirabilis characterizes MIS 5e. In contrast to other studies in the Pacific, the data shows a one to two-thousand-year cooling event ~129 kyr that correlates to the Termination II sea level still-stand of the two-step deglaciation. A significant increase in cyst concentrations of heterotrophic and autotrophic taxa in the latest MIS 5e implies enhanced primary productivity as a result of increased seasonal upwelling and the warm, nutrient rich waters entering the basin after sea level stabilizes near modern levels. The hydrological evolution and cyst signal of the last interglacial is similar to the development of the Holocene in the Santa Barbara Basin, but the sustained presence of Spiniferites mirabilis across MIS 5e indicates sea surface temperatures were higher than modern conditions. The quantitative reconstructions appear to be less reliable, and show wide sea surface temperature changes across MIS 6 to 5d (~6.2-10.7°C in February; ~12.6-20.3°C in August) similar to modern ranges, while annual primary productivity was confined to a higher narrower range (~456-586 g C m-2 yr-1). / Graduate / 2020-04-18

Through the analysis of the stratigraphic and spatial distribution of organic walled dinoflagellate cysts (dinocysts) from climatologically and oceanographically key sites, this project aims to contribute to a better understanding of the Eocene-Oligocene (E/O) environmental changes and their timing. A central issue is to identify the global environmental changes which are responsible for the Eocene cooling and its underlying mechanisms with the focus on the Oligocene isotope-1 (Oi-1) event, thought to mark the onset of major Antarctic glaciation. Two low-latitude sites were selected, Blake Nose (western North Atlantic) and Massignano (central Italy). For the first time a coherent taxonomy and biostratigraphy of dinocysts was established for the late Eocene at these latitudes. A high resolution correlation was established between the Massignano E/O Stratotype Section and the stratigraphically more extended ‘Massicore’. The composite section was used to analyse sea surface temperature (SST) change across the greenhouse-icehouse transition by means of dinocyst distribution. At Massignano, the Oi-1 event was recognised both qualitatively and quantitatively. In the power spectrum of the SSTdino the ~100 and ~400 kyr eccentricity cycles may be distinguished and correlated with La04. When orbitally tuned, the E/O GSSP dates ~100 kyr older than the Oi-1 event. The boundary’s age could either be ~33.75 or ~34.1 Ma, both differ significantly from the ~33.9 Ma age in the GTS 2004. Furthermore, when the data from the low-latitude sites were combined with extensive datasets from the Proto North Atlantic and adjacent regions, a suite of species sensitive to changes in SST was recognised. Their first and last occurrences reflect seven distinct phases of decreasing SSTs during the Middle Eocene to earliest Oligocene. These results clearly indicate that atmospheric cooling together with higher frequency orbital forcing played a key role in the transition from the Greenhouse to the Icehouse world.

Acanthamoeba are ubiquitous protists that play an environmental role in regulating microbial diversity; they also occasionally cause infections of the eye (Acanthamoeba keratitis) and brain (granulomatous amoebic encephalitis). These organisms exhibit two distinct phenotypes. The trophozoite form dominates in favorable conditions, in which the Acanthamoeba move through the extension of pseudopodia, engulfing microbes and other particles. During stressful conditions, the Acanthamoeba undergo a process of encystment, in which they build a double cell wall and become relatively inactive. The cyst form can survive years until more favorable conditions arise, at which point they may excyst. For this study, multiple laboratory encystment methods were compared to determine the percent encystment and the different viabilities of laboratory-produced cysts. Furthermore, four different encystment genes were targeted for development of a primer library for reverse-transcription, polymerase chain reaction expression studies. The library was developed using sequences accessed from various databases, including NCBI and EMBL; primers were screened through polymerase chain reaction, and those primers producing positive results were used to further screen cellular RNA that was extracted from encysting cells over various time points during the encystment process, and using various encystment media. Using these methods, target gene involvement in the encystment process was compared between species and encystment methods. These studies lay the foundation for quantitative gene expression analysis, and provide the basis for comparison of various encystment methods.

Thesis (M. Sc.), Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1998. / Restricted until June 1999. Bibliography: leaves 84-95.

Orientadores: Rogério de Castilho Jacinto, Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida Gomes / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T13:36:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Signoretti_FernandaGrazielaCorrea_D.pdf: 1883938 bytes, checksum: 30ba9fea63b276d10ef399e96215e8fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O conhecimento do perfil microbiano envolvido na periodontite apical persistente pode auxiliar no estabelecimento de protocolos mais eficazes na conduta endodôntica. Através de um relato de caso clínico e da avaliação de 20 casos de periodontite apical persistente após retratamento endodôntico, foram objetivos deste trabalho: identificar bactérias viáveis em lesões periapicais persistentes e correlacionar os achados microbiológicos com o diagnóstico histopatológico da lesão. Métodos: No relato de caso o dente foi submetido ao retratamento endodôntico através da técnica de crown-down com o uso de substância química auxiliar (clorexidina 2% gel), patência e alargamento foraminal e obturação dos canais em sessão única. Após persistência da fístula foi indicada apicectomia, que foi realizada sob magnificação e retro-obturação com MTA. O fragmento apical da raiz distal foi observado por microscopia eletrônica de varredura e foi realizada cultura microbiana da lesão curetada (capítulo 1). Foram selecionados 20 pacientes com necessidade de cirurgia parendodôntica, submetidos à coleta durante a curetagem do tecido periapical. As amostras foram processadas microbiologicamente por técnicas de cultura microbiana e enviadas para diagnóstico histológico (capítulo 2). Resultados: No capítulo 1 as seguintes espécies foram encontradas: Actinomyces naeslundii e Actinomyces meyeri, Propionibacterium propionicum, Clostridium botullinum, Parvimonas micra e Bacteroides ureolyticus; a análise em microscopia eletrônica de varredura revelou biofilme bacteriano circundante ao forame apical e superfície radicular externa. O trespasse de guta-percha no zip apical causado durante o primeiro tratamento também foi observado. A proservação radiográfica após seis meses mostrou reparo periapical aparente, o qual foi confirmado após 24 meses. No capítulo 2 foram encontrados mais cistos (13/20) do que granulomas (7/20). A cultura microbiológica e testes bioquímicos específicos puderam identificar 83 bactérias cultiváveis divididas em 33 espécies bacterianas distintas. As lesões demonstraram uma infecção de caráter misto, composta em sua maior parte por microrganismos anaeróbios estritos (80,4% em cistos e 65% em granulomas) e Gram-positivos (70,6% em cistos e 84,4% em granulomas). Embora se tenha isolado até sete espécies bacterianas em uma única lesão (granuloma), na maioria dos casos, quatro (25%) ou cinco (35%) espécies foram encontradas simultaneamente. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente através do teste exato de Fisher e chi-quadrado de Pearson (P<.05). Conclusões: Bactérias Gram-positivas anaeróbias estritas e o biofilme extrarradicular parecem participar da etiologia do insucesso do tratamento endodôntico. O retratamento endodôntico seguido de microcirurgia periapical constitui uma alternativa de sucesso na resolução de infecções extrarradiculares persistentes (capítulo 1). Embora os cistos tenham sido mais frequentes que granulomas nos casos de insucesso do retratamento endodôntico, bactérias foram isoladas em ambos os tipos de lesão, com uma predominância de espécies gram-positivas, sugerindo que as mesmas são capazes de sobreviver fora do canal radicular e podem estar relacionadas com a persistência do processo patológico, mesmo após um retratamento endodôntico acurado (capítulo 2) / Abstract: The knowledge of the microbial profile of persistent apical periodontitis allows the development of more efficient endodontic therapy. Through the evaluation of a case report and 20 cases of persistent apical periodontitis after endodontic retreatment, the objectives of this study were: to identify viable bacteria in persistent periapical lesions and correlate microbiological findings with histopathological diagnosis. Methods: In the case report, the tooth had undergone endodontic retreatment by the crown-down technique with the use of auxiliary chemical substance (2% chlorhexidine gel), foraminal patency and enlargement and filling of root canals in a single session. After persistence of sinus tract apicoectomy was indicated, which was performed under magnification and retro-filled with MTA. Apical fragment of the distal root was observed by scanning electron microscopy and excised tissue processed for microbial identification (Chapter 1). Twenty patients requiring endodontic surgery were selected. The samples were processed by microbiological techniques from microbial culture and sent for histological diagnosis (Chapter 2). Results: In chapter 1 the following species were found: Actinomyces naeslundii and Actinomyces meyeri, Propionibacterium propionicum, botullinum Clostridium, Parvimonas micra and Bacteroides ureolyticus; SEM analysis of the root end showed bacterial biofilm surrounding the apical foramen and external root surface. Gutta-percha in the apical zip caused during the first treatment was also observed. Six months follow-up showed apparent periapical repair, which was confirmed after 24 months. In chapter 2 more cysts (13/20) than granulomas (7/20) were found. Culture tests were able to identify 83 specific cultivable bacteria divided into 33 different bacterial species. The microbial characterization showed a mixed infection, composed mostly by strict anaerobes (80.4% in cysts and granulomas in 65%) and gram-positive (70.6% in cysts and granulomas in 84.4%). Although up to seven bacterial species in a single lesion (granuloma) has been isolated, in most cases, four (25%) or five (35%) species have been found. Data were statistically analyzed using Fisher's exact test and Pearson chi-square test (P<.05). Conclusions: Gram-positive bacteria and extra-radicular biofilms seem to participate in the etiology of endodontic retreatment failure. The endodontic retreatment followed by micro-periapical surgery proved to be a successful alternative in the resolution of extra-root persistent infections (Chapter 1). Although cysts were more frequent than granulomas in cases of failure of the endodontic retreatment, bacteria were isolated from both types of lesions, with a predominance of gram-positive species, suggesting that these species can survive outside the root canal and might be related with the persistence of the pathological process even after accurate endodontic retreatment (Chapter 2) / Doutorado / Endodontia / Doutora em Clínica Odontológica

no / No abstract