This work concerns the problematic of language modeling in automatic speech recognition. Currently widely used techniques for advanced language modeling based on statistical approach are described in the first part of work - class based language models, factored language models and neural network based language models. In the next section, implementation of neural network based language model is described. Results obtained on "Pražský mluvený korpus" and "Brněnský mluvený korpus" corpora (1 170 000 words) are reported, with perplexity reduction around 20%. Also, results obtained after rescoring N-best lists with spontaneous speech are reported, with absolute improvement in accuracy by more than 1%. In the conclusion, possible uses of the work are mentioned, along with possible extensions in the future. Finally, main weaknesses of current statistical language modeling techniques are described.

This diploma thesis deals with the way to teach politeness in elementary schools. Based on the theoretical literature, in the first theoretical part on the background of the Czech language there are defined basic terms such as pragmalinguistics, politeness principle, politeness strategies, face etc. Considering the didactic character of this work, both verbal and nonverbal aspects of politeness are described in the relation to the teacher-student communication. The practical part of the thesis focuses on the analysis of how the aspects of politeness are taught in Czech language lessons and included in three contemporary textbook series. Other source studied is the analysis of the relevant survey among teachers. On the basis of the survey results there are made up some activities with presumably good influence on practicing examined aspects of politeness.

The work gives a comprehensive overview of the education of students with severe visual impairment, focusing on teaching language education. Currently, more and more advancing the concept of integration / inclusion of pupils with special educational needs in mainstream education are the teachers in mainstream schools subject to requirements that the process of integration / inclusion of these pupils were able to cope. It is therefore necessary that the teachers have to orientate in this field, and especially to know who can work with, who to turn to. To create a homogeneous group within the class is very appropriate for the pupil with severe visual impairments to participate in any activities with their peers, under which, inter alia, the work also comes with teaching aids. To support such a common activity, I made a technical cooperation tactile teaching materials focusing on language education. You can also use the intact classmates in the classroom, which could eliminate the differentiation of students "without " and "with" special educational needs as much as possible.

The text deals with the current state of the language of the Czech minority in Crimea. Based on field research, it describes phenomena and changes that occurred in the language of Crimean Czechs that were caused by the influences of the foreign language and culture environment. Main focus of the text is phonetics, i.e. the way how speakers are affected by the Russian pronunciation standards. The text contains historical and cultural context relevant to the departure of Czechs to Crimea and the shape of the Czech minority nowadays. Individual chapters are dedicated to specific phenomena: deviations in the pronunciation of vocals in first syllables of words, changes in the pronunciation of the consonant [j], labialization in pronunciation of consonant [v], changes in the pronunciation of loanwords, pronunciation of consonants [ ] and [ ] in Czech words, pronunciation of toponyms, prosthesis and elimination of speech sounds from the beginning of words, deviations in the pronunciation of speech sounds from the middle of words, vocalization of prepositions and influences of Russian language standards on the use of their vocalized form.

The thesis focuses on the way the grammatical category of time is presented in chosen textbooks of the Czech language for deaf and for foreigners. A small questionnaire survey, establishing which textbooks the teachers actually use in teaching Czech for deaf, whether they work also with textbooks for foreigners and what other materials they possibly use, is included. All the textbooks mentioned in the questionnaires are later analysed from the view of their presentation of the grammatical category of time, separately those for deaf and those for foreigners. In the second ones, inspiration for teaching deaf is being traced. At the end of the work there is an author's draft chapter of a textbook for deaf dealing with a part of the issue of verbs and times. The draft text contains an explanation and few exercises and concentrates on problematic phenomena.

The topic of the diploma work is the analysis of the theory proze in the second half of the seventeenth century with the title Economical books and its comparizon with the two older works published by the end of the 16th century under the general title The Economist. The first part of the diploma work notices the structure of the separate texts, sees the grafical form of the texts and compares its differences. Next part of the work contains the study and comparizon of the individual areas of the human activities participating on the economy which was reflected by the humanistic writers. A special regard is given to the terms of administrative and economical character and the change in thein use from 16th to the 18th century. The work analyses the prevention of the landed estate running in the imagination of the baroque scholar, time evidence and three model examples: brewery, fishpond cultivation, forestry as the typical branches of the old czech economy.The last part of the work is the vocabulary of the chosen ideas dealing with the area of economy and administration of the landed estate formed and divided by the texts of the individual authors. The aim of the work is to evaluate the development of the language in the economical area and to compare the expected activitiies of the individual participants in the economical life and to make a list of terminological units.

This dissertation thesis focuses on the topic of the development of syntax of written Czech at the pupils of lower secondary education on the material of written compositions of story-telling. The thesis characterises the form of current syntax of written Czech and its development depending on the age of pupils. The analysis is bases on two collections of texts - the texts in the first collection were produced by 6th to 9th primary school grade pupils based in a town near Prague, the second collection was produced by 6th to 9th primary school grade pupils in Prague. These data were then supplemented with corpus material. In total, there were 302 compositions analysed. Moreover, to depict the reality in its complexity, also curricular and educational materials were being analysed as well as lesson observations and structured interviews conducted with teachers. The comparison between the particular constituents of written syntax enables the conclusions to be drawn being based on the analysed material giving evidence on the current state and development of written syntax with pupils of 6th to 9th grade of primary school, as well as possible disparities of development of particular syntax constituents to be identified and some recommendations for teaching methodology to be conveyed.

1 Abstract This thesis deals with a handwritten manuscript from the turn of the 18th century called Cžerneg Honza a neb. w Starim zbořenim Zámku Raďiňie. Nad Plzencem Zaklený Kolomaznjk and which elaborates a myth about the Radyně castle from the Pilsen region in the short-story-form. The first part presents a transliterated edition of the text by preserving the original orthography. The second part of the thesis analyses the orthography of the manuscript by building upon the preceding section. It focuses on the structure of the text, punctuation, spelling of consonants and vowels and briefly mentions rare ways of writing proper nouns and the use of capital letters. The analysis situates the orthography of the manuscript into a certain time period and, in the end, it establishes whether the manuscript belongs to the printers' or the scribal orthography. Alternatively, it evaluates whether the written orthography tends to resemble the printers' orthography. In the third section, the transcribed edition of the manuscript is introduced, using the current orthography. This edition makes the text accessible to a broader circle of contemporary readers. Apart from the transcription rules and the list of emendations, the editorial apparatus also incorporates a vocabulary with words, which could possibly be...

The purpose of this thesis was to build a specialised corpus of Banatian Czech. The theoretical section describes the historical and language situation in the Banat area focusing on its development since the 1990s to the present day. This is followed by a presentation and description of specialised corpora focusing on a corpus of spoken Czech. Building a specialised corpus named BANAT is documented in detail (method of collection, processing and transcription of records, building of corpora and publishing). The analysis of possessive pronouns, negative pronouns and adverbs and enclitics confirms a statistically significant difference between Banatian Czech and the present state of Czech language (in all observed phenomena except enclitics). Keywords Banat, Banatian Czech, Bigr, corpus BANAT, corpus building, Czech language abroad, pronouns, specialised corpora, spoken language

The thesis deals with the possibilities of the use of translation in education of the Czech language for francophone speakers. The thesis aims to analyse the use of translation in the textbooks of Czech for francophone speakers, in particular, to examine the types and representation of translation exercises in selected textbooks and to observe the use of communication-oriented translation exercises. Based on the analysis, the thesis formulates didactic recommendations that could contribute to more adequate use of translation in foreign language teaching, or rather in teaching Czech as a foreign language. The partial objective is to monitor the attitude of students to translation in teaching Czech as a foreign language through a questionnaire survey.