Rozprawa habilitacyjna -- Warsaw. / Includes bibliographical references.

Rozprawa habilitacyjna -- Warsaw. / Includes bibliographical references.

Cette thèse porte sur deux types de problèmes de mécanique statistique : il y est question de percolation sur les groupes et de modèles dirigés. Dans le premier cas,il s’agit de réaliser un groupe comme objet géométrique (via la notion de graphe de Cayley), puis de morceler ce dernier aléatoirement. L’étude de ce processus révèle des liens étroits entre les propriétés géométriques d’un groupe et le comportement de la percolation de Bernoulli sur celui-Ci. Dans le second cas, on s’intéresse à des modèles où haut et bas jouent des rôles différents, ce qui permet de rendre un certain nombre de questions accessibles à l’étude rigoureuse.Le chapitre 1 renforce le théorème d’indistinguabilité de Lyons et Schramm en percolation, lequel stipule que les composantes connexes infinies fournies par la percolation de Bernoulli sur un graphe de Cayley ont presque sûrement toutes la même allure. La non-Trivialité de ce renforcement est illustrée par un modèle dirigé qui vérifie la propriété d’indistinguabilité mais pas la propriété renforcée.Le chapitre 2 est le fruit d’un travail réalisé en collaboration avec Vincent Tassion.On y démontre que la valeur du paramètre critique pour la percolation de Bernoulli ne dépend essentiellement que de la structure locale du graphe de Cayley abélien considéré.Dans le chapitre 3, on introduit une version dirigée du modèle DLA, pour laquelle on établit l’existence d’une dynamique en volume infini, un contrôle sur la propagation d’information et des inégalités asymptotiques sur la largeur et la hauteur de l’agrégat. / This thesis deals with two kinds of statistical mechanics problems: percolation ongroups and directed models. In the first case, we realise the group under considerationas a geometric object (via the notion of Cayley graph) before breaking it apartrandomly. The study of this process reveals deep connections between the geometricproperties of a group and the behaviour of Bernoulli percolation on it. In the secondcase, we focus on models where up and down play different roles, which makes severalquestions less hard to tackle.Chapter 1 strengthens the Indistinguishability Theorem of Lyons-Schramm, whichstates that the infinite clusters yielded by a Bernoulli percolation on a Cayley graphalmost surely all look alike. The non-Triviality of this strengthening is illustrated bya directed model that satisfies the Indistinguishability Property but not the StrongIndistinguishability Property.Chapter 2 has been obtained in collaboration with Vincent Tassion. We show thatthe value of the critical parameter for Bernoulli percolation essentially only dependson the local structure of the considered abelian Cayley graph.In Chapter 3, we introduce a directed version of the DLA model, for which weestablish the existence of an infinite volume dynamics, control the propagation ofinformation and prove asymptotic inequalities on the width and height of the cluster.

Viscous fingering occurs when one fluid displaces another fluid of a greater viscosity in a porous medium or a Hele-Shaw cell. Linear stability analysis is used to predict methods of suppressing instability. Then, experiments in which nonlinear growth dominates pattern formation are analysed to explore the nonlinear impact of strategies of suppressing finger growth. Often, chemical treatment fluid is injected into oil reservoirs in order to prevent sand production. This treatment fluid is usually followed by water injection to clean up the well. We explore the potential for viscous instability of the interface between the treatment fluid and the water, and also the treatment fluid and the oil, as a function of the volume of treatment fluid and the injection rate and viscosity ratios of the different fluids. For a given volume of treatment fluid and a given injection rate, we find the optimal viscosity of the treatment fluid to minimise the viscous instability. In the case of axisymmetric injection, the stabilisation associated with the azimuthal stretching of modes leads to a further constraint on the optimisation of the viscosity. In the case of oil production, polymers may be added to the displacing water in order to reduce adverse viscosity gradients. We also explore the case in which these polymers have a time-dependent viscosity, for example through the slow release from encapsulant. We calculate the injection flow rate profile that minimises the final amplitude of instability in both rectilinear and axisymmetric geometries. In a development of the model, we repeat the calculation for a shear-thinning rheology. Finally, experiments are analysed in which the nonlinear growth of viscous fingers develops to test the influence of different injection profiles on the development of instability. Diffusion Limited Aggregation (DLA) simulations are performed for comparison. In all cases, the evolving pattern has a saturation distribution, with an inner zone in which the fingers are static and an outer zone in which the fingers advance and grow. In the very centre of the viscous fingering patterns, there is a small fully-saturated region. In the experiments, the mass distribution in the inner zone varies with radius as a power law which relates to the fractal dimension for the analogue DLA simulations. In the outer region the saturation decreases linearly with radius. The radius of the inner frozen zone is approximately 2/3 of the outer radius in the cases of DLA and -- after a period of evolution -- the viscous fingering experiments. This allows the radial extents of the inner and outer zones to be predicted. The ratio of each radius to the extent of the fully-saturated region is independent of the injection profile and corresponds to values for DLA.

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar, analisar e discutir as relações estabelecidas de Stefan Zweig no período de exílio, utilizando sua correspondência entre 1940 e 1942. Grande escritor de cartas, Zweig possui uma vasta correspondência com escritores, intelectuais, editores, amigos e familiares; existem cartas já publicadas, em edições desde a década de 1960, mas muitas ainda encontram-se inéditas em arquivos na Europa, na América do Sul e na América do Norte. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho se dividiu em três partes: primeira parte de coleta documental, in loco, em dois arquivos, a citar o Deutsches Literaturarchiv Marbach, DLA, localizado na cidade de Marbach a. N., na Alemanha e o Arquivo da Biblioteca Nacional, BN, no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; a segunda parte foi a leitura das cartas e separação de um primeiro corpus, o qual foi traduzido. Na primeira seleção, foram levados em conta aspectos que pudessem ressaltar as relações de Zweig com escritores e personalidades da época, europeus, norte-americanos e brasileiros, e cujo conteúdo pudesse trazer elementos para posterior análise; e a terceira parte do trabalho constituiu no desenvolvimento da dissertação e a análise em si das cartas, as quais puderam ser separadas em três núcleos temáticos em comum: (i) Zweig entre o Mundo de Ontem e o País do Futuro; (ii) Zweig e a literatura; e (iii) Zweig em seu isolamento. Como base teórica do trabalho foi utilizado um texto escrito por Zweig, Kunst des Briefes, no qual ele discute as características pertinentes ao gênero epistolar e o estatuto literário da carta. Textos teóricos de epistolografia também foram utilizados para dar suporte à base teórica do trabalho. / This work aims to present, analyze and discuss relations established by Stefan Zweig during this exile time, by using his letters between 1940 and 1942. A great letter writer, Zweig has a great number of letters with intellectuals, editors, friends, relatives; there are some letters which have already been published, in editions since 1960s, but there are many that are still unpublished and are kept in archives in Europa, South America and North America. Therefore this work was divided in three parts: the first part was the in loco documental research in two archives e.g. Deutsches Literaturarchiv Marbach, DLA, located in Marbach a. N. city, in Germany and Arquivo da Biblioteca Nacional, BN, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; the second part was to read and separate the letters from a first corpus, which was totally translated to Portuguese. On this first selection aspects were taken into account, that could show the relations between Zweig and European, American and Brazilian writers and intellectuals from his epoch, and that had a content which could have brought elements for the afterward analysis; and the third part was composed by the letters analysis itself, which could be separated in three different thematic groups: (i) Zweig between the World of Yesterday and the Land of the Future; (ii) Zweig and the literature; e (iii) Zweig in his own isolation. As theoretical basis a Stefan Zweigs text was used, called Kunst des Briefes, in which he discusses mainly characteristics about the letter genre and the literary status of the letter. Epistolography theoretical texts were also used to support this work.

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar, analisar e discutir as relações estabelecidas de Stefan Zweig no período de exílio, utilizando sua correspondência entre 1940 e 1942. Grande escritor de cartas, Zweig possui uma vasta correspondência com escritores, intelectuais, editores, amigos e familiares; existem cartas já publicadas, em edições desde a década de 1960, mas muitas ainda encontram-se inéditas em arquivos na Europa, na América do Sul e na América do Norte. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho se dividiu em três partes: primeira parte de coleta documental, in loco, em dois arquivos, a citar o Deutsches Literaturarchiv Marbach, DLA, localizado na cidade de Marbach a. N., na Alemanha e o Arquivo da Biblioteca Nacional, BN, no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; a segunda parte foi a leitura das cartas e separação de um primeiro corpus, o qual foi traduzido. Na primeira seleção, foram levados em conta aspectos que pudessem ressaltar as relações de Zweig com escritores e personalidades da época, europeus, norte-americanos e brasileiros, e cujo conteúdo pudesse trazer elementos para posterior análise; e a terceira parte do trabalho constituiu no desenvolvimento da dissertação e a análise em si das cartas, as quais puderam ser separadas em três núcleos temáticos em comum: (i) Zweig entre o Mundo de Ontem e o País do Futuro; (ii) Zweig e a literatura; e (iii) Zweig em seu isolamento. Como base teórica do trabalho foi utilizado um texto escrito por Zweig, Kunst des Briefes, no qual ele discute as características pertinentes ao gênero epistolar e o estatuto literário da carta. Textos teóricos de epistolografia também foram utilizados para dar suporte à base teórica do trabalho. / This work aims to present, analyze and discuss relations established by Stefan Zweig during this exile time, by using his letters between 1940 and 1942. A great letter writer, Zweig has a great number of letters with intellectuals, editors, friends, relatives; there are some letters which have already been published, in editions since 1960s, but there are many that are still unpublished and are kept in archives in Europa, South America and North America. Therefore this work was divided in three parts: the first part was the in loco documental research in two archives e.g. Deutsches Literaturarchiv Marbach, DLA, located in Marbach a. N. city, in Germany and Arquivo da Biblioteca Nacional, BN, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; the second part was to read and separate the letters from a first corpus, which was totally translated to Portuguese. On this first selection aspects were taken into account, that could show the relations between Zweig and European, American and Brazilian writers and intellectuals from his epoch, and that had a content which could have brought elements for the afterward analysis; and the third part was composed by the letters analysis itself, which could be separated in three different thematic groups: (i) Zweig between the World of Yesterday and the Land of the Future; (ii) Zweig and the literature; e (iii) Zweig in his own isolation. As theoretical basis a Stefan Zweigs text was used, called Kunst des Briefes, in which he discusses mainly characteristics about the letter genre and the literary status of the letter. Epistolography theoretical texts were also used to support this work.

Cette thèse contient quatre travaux sur le modèle d'Agrégation Limitée par Diffusion Interne (iDLA), qui est un modèle de croissance pour la construction récursive d'ensembles aléatoires. Le premier travail concerne la dimension 1 et étudie le cas où les marches aléatoires formant l'agrégat évoluent dans un milieu aléatoire. L'agrégat normalisé converge alors non pas vers une forme limite déterministe comme dans le cas de marches aléatoires simples mais converge en loi vers un segment contenant l'origine dont les extrémités suivent la loi de l'Arcsinus. Dans le deuxième travail, on considère le cas où l'agrégat est formé par des marches aléatoires simples en dimension d > 1. On donne alors des résultats de convergence et de fluctuations sur la fonction odomètre introduite par Levine et Peres, qui compte en chaque point le nombre de passages des marches ayant formé l'agrégat. Dans le troisième travail, on s'intéresse au cas où l'agrégat est formé par des marches aléatoires multidimensionnelles qui ne sont pas centrées. On montre que sous une normalisation appropriée, l'agrégat converge vers une forme limite qui s'identifie à une vraie boule de chaleur. Nous répondons ainsi à une question ouverte en analyse concernant l'existence d'une telle boule bornée. Le quatrième travail concerne le cas particulier où une borne intérieure est connue pour l'agrégat. On donne alors des conditions suffisantes sur le graphe ainsi que sur la nature de cette borne pour qu'elle implique une borne extérieure. Ce résultat est appliqué au cas de marches évoluant sur un amas de percolation par arêtes surcritique, complétant ainsi un résultat de Shellef. / This thesis contains four works on the Internal Diffusion Limited Aggregation model (iDLA), which is a growth model that recursively builds random sets. The first work is set in dimension 1 and studies the case where the random walks that build the aggregate evolve in a random environment. The normalised aggregate then does not converges towards a deterministic limiting shape as it is the case for simple random walks, but converges in law towards a segment that contains the origin and which extremal points follow the Arcsine law. In the second work, we consider the case where the aggregate is built by simple random walks in dimension d > 1. We give convergence and fluctuation results on the odometer function introduced by Levine and Peres, which counts at each point the number of visits of walkers throughout the construction of the aggregate. In the third work, we examine the case where the aggregate is built using multidimensional drifted random walks. We show that under a suitable normalisation, the aggregate converges towards a limiting shape which is identified as a true heat ball. We thus give an answer to an open question in analysis concerning the existence of such a bounded shape. The last work deals with the special case where an interior bound is known for the aggregate. We give a set of conditions on the graph and on the nature of this interior bound that are sufficient to imply an outer bound. This result is applied to the case of random walks on the supercritical bond percolation cluster, thus completing a result by Shellef.

Approved for public release; distribution in unlimited. / In a warehouse, a fast-pick-area is a region containing many items that can be retrieved quickly and inexpensively to fulfill customer orders. The Defense Distribution Center San Joaquin (DDJC) implements a similar strategy on a wider scale by designating one of many warehouses as a "fast-pick-area." We develop a plan to optimally slot the fast-pick area at DDJC using a computer model that captures the tradeo.s of storage space versus cost of replenishment from bulk storage. Our results suggest that defense distribution centers should consider implementing a fast pick area as a means of reducing operating costs. / Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-12-03Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:50:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 cachoni_l_me_arafcf.pdf: 977347 bytes, checksum: 42a2fb7fb168904398b1a8dab4953b55 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / O presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar e comparar a condição socioeconômica, o perfil nutricional e o desempenho funcional entre idosas praticantes e não praticantes regulares de exercício físico. Todas as idosas são fisicamente independentes e residentes na zona norte da cidade de São José do Rio Preto – SP. Na pesquisa de campo, a amostra para o primeiro grupo, de observação, reuniu 60 idosas e foi extraída do conjunto de mulheres com 60 anos ou mais, frequentadoras da modalidade ginástica especial, há pelo menos dois anos, na ONG (Organização não Governamental) PAE – Programas de Ação e Educação. A amostra para o segundo grupo, controle, abrangeu 50 mulheres, com 60 anos ou mais de idade, não praticantes de exercício físico e o levantamento amostral foi realizado em igrejas, feiras, supermercados, comércio dos bairros da região considerada, Unidade Básica de Saúde, assim como em residências. Para este comparativo, foram realizadas as coletas de dados antropométricos (peso, altura, circunferência do braço (CB), da cintura (CC), do quadril (CQ) e da panturrilha (CP) e prega cutânea tricipital (PCT)). Foram aplicados formulários com informação sobre dados pessoais, socioeconômicos, de saúde e atividades físicas. O desempenho funcional foi obtido através da aplicação de cinco testes motores: sentar, levantar-se da cadeira e locomover-se pela casa; levantar-se do solo; calçar meias; subir escadas e caminhar/correr 800 metros. Pôde-se constatar, na comparação entre o grupo de idosas praticantes regulares de exercício físico e o grupo controle, que o desempenho funcional foi muito superior em quatro dos cinco testes motores, no primeiro grupo em relação ao segundo, apesar das semelhanças, quanto às condições socioeconômicas, perfil nutricional e de saúde dos dois grupos. / The objective of this study is to characterize and compare the socioeconomic status, nutritional profile and functional performance of elderly women who regularly exercise and those who have no regular physical activities. All these women are physically independent and reside in the Northern part of the city of São José do Rio Preto – SP. Field research sampling of the first group, the observation group, consisted of 60 elderly women, aged ≥ 60, who, for at least two years, attended a special gym class at a NGO (Non-Governmental Organization): PAE – Action and Education Program. The sampling of the second group, the control group, encompassed 50 women, aged ≥ 60, who did not practice physical exercises. The sampling survey data for this group was gathered at churches, open street fairs, supermarkets, shops in neighborhoods in the Northern part of the city, Primary Health Care Units, as well as in their houses. For this comparison, anthropometric data was obtained (weight, height or stature (ST), arm muscle circumference (AMC), waist (WC), hip (HC) and calf (CC) circumferences and triceps skin fold thickness (TST)). Forms contained personal information, data on socioeconomic status, health and physical activities practiced. Functional performance evaluation was obtained through the application of five motor skill tests: sitting, getting up from a chair and moving about the house; getting up from the ground; putting on socks; climbing stairs and walking/running 800 meters. The results of the performance of elderly women, when comparing the group that regularly exercised with the control group, was that the performance of the first group was superior to the second group in four of the five motor skill tests, even though socioeconomic, nutritional and health profiles of the women in two groups were similar.

Resumo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar e comparar a condição socioeconômica, o perfil nutricional e o desempenho funcional entre idosas praticantes e não praticantes regulares de exercício físico. Todas as idosas são fisicamente independentes e residentes na zona norte da cidade de São José do Rio Preto - SP. Na pesquisa de campo, a amostra para o primeiro grupo, de observação, reuniu 60 idosas e foi extraída do conjunto de mulheres com 60 anos ou mais, frequentadoras da modalidade ginástica especial, há pelo menos dois anos, na ONG (Organização não Governamental) PAE - Programas de Ação e Educação. A amostra para o segundo grupo, controle, abrangeu 50 mulheres, com 60 anos ou mais de idade, não praticantes de exercício físico e o levantamento amostral foi realizado em igrejas, feiras, supermercados, comércio dos bairros da região considerada, Unidade Básica de Saúde, assim como em residências. Para este comparativo, foram realizadas as coletas de dados antropométricos (peso, altura, circunferência do braço (CB), da cintura (CC), do quadril (CQ) e da panturrilha (CP) e prega cutânea tricipital (PCT)). Foram aplicados formulários com informação sobre dados pessoais, socioeconômicos, de saúde e atividades físicas. O desempenho funcional foi obtido através da aplicação de cinco testes motores: sentar, levantar-se da cadeira e locomover-se pela casa; levantar-se do solo; calçar meias; subir escadas e caminhar/correr 800 metros. Pôde-se constatar, na comparação entre o grupo de idosas praticantes regulares de exercício físico e o grupo controle, que o desempenho funcional foi muito superior em quatro dos cinco testes motores, no primeiro grupo em relação ao segundo, apesar das semelhanças, quanto às condições socioeconômicas, perfil nutricional e de saúde dos dois grupos. / Abstract: The objective of this study is to characterize and compare the socioeconomic status, nutritional profile and functional performance of elderly women who regularly exercise and those who have no regular physical activities. All these women are physically independent and reside in the Northern part of the city of São José do Rio Preto - SP. Field research sampling of the first group, the observation group, consisted of 60 elderly women, aged ≥ 60, who, for at least two years, attended a special gym class at a NGO (Non-Governmental Organization): PAE - Action and Education Program. The sampling of the second group, the control group, encompassed 50 women, aged ≥ 60, who did not practice physical exercises. The sampling survey data for this group was gathered at churches, open street fairs, supermarkets, shops in neighborhoods in the Northern part of the city, Primary Health Care Units, as well as in their houses. For this comparison, anthropometric data was obtained (weight, height or stature (ST), arm muscle circumference (AMC), waist (WC), hip (HC) and calf (CC) circumferences and triceps skin fold thickness (TST)). Forms contained personal information, data on socioeconomic status, health and physical activities practiced. Functional performance evaluation was obtained through the application of five motor skill tests: sitting, getting up from a chair and moving about the house; getting up from the ground; putting on socks; climbing stairs and walking/running 800 meters. The results of the performance of elderly women, when comparing the group that regularly exercised with the control group, was that the performance of the first group was superior to the second group in four of the five motor skill tests, even though socioeconomic, nutritional and health profiles of the women in two groups were similar. / Orientador: Vera Mariza Henriques de Miranda Costa / Coorientador: Luiz Carlos Baida / Banca: Maria Rita Marques de Oliveira / Banca: Sebastião Gobbi / Mestre