The research presented in this thesis: (1) quantifies and qualifies the Surface Free Energy (SFE) of neat and Liquid Anti-Strip (LAS) modified asphalt binders (binder); and (2) identifies volumetric mix properties that inhibit or assist in the susceptibility of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) to moisture damage based on time dependent phenomenological mechanical responses. These two research elements provide insight into the physical, chemical, mechanical and volumetric mix properties that inhibit or facilitate moisture damage in HMA. Moisture damage is a mechanism that causes distress and failure in asphalt concrete (AC) pavements due to a loss of durability resulting from the presence of moisture, in the form of a vapour or liquid, originating internally or externally. This reduces the pavements performance by promoting distresses such as: longitudinal cracking, spalling, rutting, shoving, stripping and ravelling. When moisture originates or is introduced in the AC a weakening of adhesion and cohesion of the material occurs, due in part to: binder properties, aggregate properties, volumetric mix properties, environmental conditions, traffic volume and loads, pavement design and construction practices. The research performed was split in two parts. The first part consisted of conducting SFE measurements on two PG 58-34 binders with different sources. One binder was modified with a LAS agent at concentrations of 0.5%, 2.0% and 5.0% by mass of binder and the other binder was kept neat. The neat and LAS modified binders were subjected to short-term aging by oxidation and then tested with a goniometer to determine their SFE and wettability. The SFE measurements revealed that an LAS concentration of 0.5% maximizes: (1) the work of adhesion of an unaged and aged binder, and (2) the ability of the binder to repel water. Furthermore, the process of aging increases the hydrophobicity or tendency of the binder to repel water regardless of the LAS concentration. Hence, an LAS concentration of 0.5% minimizes the potential for moisture damage in HMA. The second part of the research consisted of investigating the potential for moisture damage of seven bituminous type B (Bit B) and eight bituminous type C (Bit C) mix specified by Manitoba Infrastructure and Transportation. Laboratory testing of the resilient modulus and creep compliance was conducted to determine the fundamental mechanical response of the material. The resilient modulus and creep compliance test program were conducted on samples before and after moisture conditioning. As a result of the testing program, it was observed that the susceptibility of AC to moisture damage based on volumetric mix properties can be dependent on the air voids ratio, aggregate gradation and binder content of the mix.

Many Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO) projects consist of construction and maintenance of reinforced concrete structures. Where appropriate test methods exist, MTO has been moving towards use of performance-based specifications for durability control of concrete. MTO currently uses ASTM C1202 (RCPT) coulomb values to assess concrete durability. This test requires taking cores, so replacing this test with a faster non-destructive technique is important. The main focus of this program was to study the Wenner probe surface resistivity as a non-destructive test device and evaluate the potential for replacement of RCPT with the Wenner resistivity. This research program consists of the determination of RCPT values, water sorptivity coefficients and electrical resistivities (bulk and surface) of nine concrete mixtures. In addition, the development of the Wenner probe instrument was studied. As well, correlations between resistivity and ASTM C1202 and C1585 are provided followed by technical recommendations for improving the Wenner test.

Many Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO) projects consist of construction and maintenance of reinforced concrete structures. Where appropriate test methods exist, MTO has been moving towards use of performance-based specifications for durability control of concrete. MTO currently uses ASTM C1202 (RCPT) coulomb values to assess concrete durability. This test requires taking cores, so replacing this test with a faster non-destructive technique is important. The main focus of this program was to study the Wenner probe surface resistivity as a non-destructive test device and evaluate the potential for replacement of RCPT with the Wenner resistivity. This research program consists of the determination of RCPT values, water sorptivity coefficients and electrical resistivities (bulk and surface) of nine concrete mixtures. In addition, the development of the Wenner probe instrument was studied. As well, correlations between resistivity and ASTM C1202 and C1585 are provided followed by technical recommendations for improving the Wenner test.

Bestimmte Extraktstoffe aus thermisch modifizierter Buche weisen fungizide Eigenschaften auf. Methanol-Extrakte aus thermisch modifizierter Buche, die in Propanon wieder aufgelöst wurden, wiesen eine leichte pilzwachstumshemmende Wirkung auf. Die getränkten Prüfkörper aus Buche erreichten eine Zuordnung zur Dauerhaftigkeitsklasse 4, d. h. nicht dauerhaft. Prüfkörper, die mit anderen Extrakten aus thermisch modifizierter Buche getränkt wurden, dabei insbesondere Wasser-Extrakte, weisen dagegen keine signifikante Resistenzverbesserung auf. Die Analyse der Methanol-Extrakte mittels Gaschromatografie mit Massenspektrometrie-Kopplung (GC-MS) ließ einen erhöhten Anteil bestimmter phenolischer Verbindungen erkennen, die teilweise Resistenz fördernde Wirkungen haben. Das Vorhandensein dieser Verbindungen kann somit als Begründung der Verbesserung der Resistenz entsprechend imprägnierter Prüfkörper herangezogen werden. Die Endfassung des Artikels ist auf www.holztechnologie.de verfügbar. / Certain extractives from thermally modified beech have fungicidal properties. Methanol extracts, resolubilized in propanone, caused a significant retardation of fungal growth on native beech specimen. Beech specimen impregnated with these extractives could be assigned to the durability class 4, i. e. not permanent. Other extracts of thermally modified beech, in particular water extracts, did not show significant improvement in resistance. The analysis of methanol extracts using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed an increased amount of phenolic compounds known to increase resistance. Their presence in organic extracts of thermally modified wood may explain the improvement of the resistance of the impregnated specimen. The original publication is available at www.holztechnologie.de.

An important challenge for PEMFC is stability and durability of the membrane separator. In this dissertation, we applied both experimental and modeling methods to investigate the chemical durability of PFSA membranes for fuel-cell applications. Degradation data were collected after Fenton's tests and the membrane samples were analyzed by XPS after Fenton's test; FTIR was also invoked to validate the XPS results. The effects of Fe2+ concentration and temperature on membrane degradation were discussed. The experimental results provide evidence of chemical attack of the CF2 backbone. Since the level of H2O2 was found to be key to membrane degradation, we designed a novel spectrophotometric method to quantitatively determine H2O2 concentration in a fuel cell by using a multilayer MEA. In addition, a model for H2O2 formation, transport, and reaction in PEMFCs is established for the first time to validate experimental data and study formation mechanism. The humidity effect on membrane degradation was studied by collecting vent water during the tests. The membrane conductivities and mechanical properties were measured by ex-situ high-throughput instruments. FTIR was applied to study both the formation of new groups and the relative abundance of existing groups in the degraded membrane. The thermal stability of degraded membranes was determined by TGA. The cross section of a degraded MEA sample was imaged with SEM to investigate the mechanical structure change. The effect of temperature on membrane degradation was also investigated. XPS spectra were collected from both anode and cathode sides of fuel-cell membrane to compare the effect of temperature on each side. Atomic analysis was performed to study the impact of temperature on both backbone decomposition and side group degradation. A multilayer MEA was used to study the effects of location and thickness on membrane degradation. An improved kinetic model of membrane degradation was built to simulate the experimental data. Finally, an attempt to mitigate membrane degradation by using peroxide decomposition reagent was performed. OCV curves were recorded during two fuel-cell durability tests with and without the addition of this additive. Both FER and TER were compared. Recommendations for the improvement of peroxide decomposition additive were suggested.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / The analysis of the service life of the structures of reinforced concrete should contemplate probabilistic processes due to the random of the parameters that influence in the mechanisms that affect the life of the structure. In these processes, besides the application of structural reliability techniques, it is necessary the characterization of the variables that influence in the deterioration mechanisms. The main objective of this work is to analyze variables related to the forecast of service life of the concrete structures, particularly of residential buildings, in urban areas far from the marine coast, from a point of view of the probabilistic behavior and propose functions of density of probability and representative statistical parameters. To get that, it was carried out a data survey in four residential buildings and in environmental organs. Later it was made the statistical analysis of them and the adjustment of continuous functions of densities of probability, by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit test. The studied variables were the temperature, the relative humidity, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the weight of people and the furniture and the area of occupation of the furniture. As results, it was found out that to the temperature and relative humidity variables, for the city of Uberlândia, a function of normal density of probability can be adopted, with an average of 22,8ºC and a standard deviation of 4,4ºC for the temperature and an average of 65,06% and a standard deviation of 17,15% for the relative humidity. For the CO2 concentration in the urban atmosphere of the city of São Paulo, it resulted in a density function of log normal of probability with an average of 1083 ppm and a standard deviation of 168 ppm. For the live loads variable: weigh of the people the found values were 0,74 kN and standard deviation of 0,13 kN, with a function of normal density of probability. For the weight of the furniture the adjusted function was the normal with average of 0,22 kN/m2 and standard deviation of 0,15 kN/m2. The obtained results will be important for the study of the service life of reinforced concrete structures and they are constituted in a first regional base of data. / A análise da vida útil das estruturas de concreto armado deve contemplar processos probabilísticos devido a aleatoriedade dos parâmetros que influenciam nos mecanismos que afetam a vida da estrutura. Nesses processos, além da aplicação de técnicas de confiabilidade estrutural, é necessária a caracterização das variáveis que influenciam nos mecanismos de deterioração. O objetivo geral do trabalho é analisar variáveis relacionadas à previsão de vida útil das estruturas de concreto, particularmente de edifícios residenciais, em regiões urbanas distantes da costa marítima, desde um ponto de vista do comportamento probabilístico, propondo funções de densidade de probabilidade e parâmetros estatísticos representativos. Para tal, foi realizado o levantamento de dados em quatro edifícios residenciais e em órgãos ambientais. Posteriormente foi feita a análise estatística dos mesmos realizando-se o ajuste de funções contínuas de densidades de probabilidade, mediante o teste de aderência Kolmogorov-Smirnov. As variáveis estudadas foram a temperatura, a umidade relativa, as concentrações de dióxido de carbono na atmosfera, o peso dos móveis e de pessoas e a área de ocupação dos móveis no ambiente. Como resultados, foram encontrados que as variáveis temperatura e umidade relativa, para a cidade de Uberlândia, pode ser adotada uma função de densidade normal de probabilidade, com média 22,8ºC e desvio padrão de 4,4ºC para a temperatura e média de 65,06% e desvio padrão de 17,15% para a umidade relativa. Para a concentração de CO2 na atmosfera urbana da cidade de São Paulo, resultou uma função de densidade log - normal de probabilidade com média 1083 ppm e desvio padrão de 168 ppm. Para a variável de sobrecarga: peso do usuário (pessoas) os valores encontrados foram 0,74 kN e desvio padrão de 0,13 kN, com uma função de densidade normal de probabilidade. Para o peso do mobiliário a função ajustada foi a normal com média de 0,22 kN/m2 e desvio padrão de 0,15 kN/m2. Os resultados obtidos serão importantes para o estudo da vida útil de estruturas de concreto armado e se constituem em uma primeira base de dados regional. / Mestre em Engenharia Civil

[pt] A pasta de cimento classe G é muito utilizada nas operações de cimentação de poços de petróleo, sendo submetida a várias formas de deterioração, afetando sua durabilidade. Duas dessas formas de deterioração que ocorrem nos poços são por carregamento cíclico e temperaturas elevadas. Neste estudo, corpos de prova foram submetidos a ensaios de carregamento cíclicos de 30 por cento, 50 por cento e 70 por cento das tensões de ruptura e a temperaturas elevadas de 100 graus Celsius, 200 graus Celsius, 450 graus Celsius e 650 graus Celsius. A microtomografia computadorizada (microCT) foi utilizada para gerar imagens tridimensionais para observar a estrutura interna do material e, através de uma rotina computacional desenvolvida, avaliar qualitativa e quantitativamente a evolução de poros e fissuras após os ensaios. Primeiramente foi utilizado o software Fiji para aplicação de filtro de redução de ruído, em seguida as imagens de antes e depois dos ensaios são alinhadas com auxílio do software DataViewer. No software Dragonfly os vazios (poros e fissuras) das imagens são segmentadas e quantificados, apresentando o volume e esfericidade dos vazios de interesse. Os resultados dos ensaios de carregamento cíclico mostraram que submeter a 30 por dento da tensão de ruptura quase não influencia na estrutura interna mas 50 por cento e 70 por cento causam danos significativos no material. Os corpos de prova submetidos a 100 graus Celsius e 200 graus Celsius apresentaram pequenas fissuras, mas a estrutura dos poros não mudou. No corpo de prova submetido a 450 graus Celsius muitas fissuras foram observadas. Já no submetido a 650 graus Celsius apresentou um elevado nível de degradação, impossibilitando a realização da microCT após o ensaio. Como conclusão, a pasta de cimento classe G pode ser utilizada para operações com carregamentos cíclicos inferior a 30 por cento da tensão de ruptura e inferior a temperaturas de 200 graus Celsius. Finalmente, a correlação de resultados de testes de DRX, DSC e TGA com as imagens obtidas das microCT mostraram que a desidroxilação do Ca(OH)2 e a degradação do CaCO3 causam alta deterioração para o material em estudo. / [en] Class G oil well cement is frequently used a in oil well cementing operation, which is subjected to various forms of deterioration, affecting its durability. Two of these forms of deterioration is due to cyclic loading and elevated temperatures. In the present study, cylindrical specimens were subjected to cyclic loading of 30, 50 and 70 per cents of the materials ultimate strength and to temperatures of 100 Celsius degrees, 200 Celsius degrees, 450 Celsius degrees and 650 Celsius degrees for one hour. Microcomputed tomography (microCT) was used to generate threedimensional images to visualize the internal structure of the material before and after the tests, and to quantitatively assess the evolution of pore structures and cracking by a computational routine developed. First, the FIJI software was used to reduce noises of images, then the images generated before and after the tests was aligned using the DataViewer software. In the Dragonfly software the voids (pores and fissures) of the images are segmented and quantified, showing the volume and sphericity of the voids of interest.The results of the cyclic load test showed that when the specimen was submitted to 30 per cent of its ultimate strength almost no influence in the internal structure was observed.When the cyclic load was increased to 50 per cent and 70 per cent significant damage to the specimens was noticed. The results of the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the specimen submitted to 100 Celsius degrees and 200 Celsius degrees showed the appearance of small cracks, however, the pore structures did not change. In the specimen subjected to 450 Celsius degrees the appearance of several cracks was visualized. For the sample submitted to 650 Celsius degrees specimen was imposed to the material, making it impossible to visualize in the microCT. As a conclusion, the Class G Oil Well Cement Paste may be used for operations with cyclic loading up to 30 per cent of the ultimate strength with service temperatures up to 200 Celsius degrees. Finally, the dehydroxylation of Ca(OH)2 and degradation of CaCO3 led to high deterioration in this cement paste.

Les recherches récentes portant sur les indicateurs alternatifs suggèrent la nécessité d'une révision fondamentale de la manière de concevoir le processus de construction des indicateurs et s'inscrivent dans un mouvement critique vis-à-vis du primat d'une forme de rationalisation économiciste et expertale dans le champ des politiques publiques. Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le champ de ces travaux et a pour objet d'apprécier la manière dont il est possible que ces indicateurs soient porteurs d'une « alternative » en termes de rationalisation de l'action.Pour apprécier les transformations opérées au sein du processus de quantification, la thèse prend pour objet l'expérimentation menée à Grenoble quant à la construction d'Indicateurs de Bien-Etre Soutenable Territorialisés (IBEST). La première partie du travail, d'ordre théorique, établit un lien entre la dimension conventionnelle des indicateurs, leur caractère performatif, la rationalité postulée des acteurs et la rationalisation des politiques publiques. Elle est complétée par une analyse de la dimension axiologique des critères de choix sociaux (bien-être, soutenabilité) axée sur les théories du développement qui peuvent appuyer la construction de tels indicateurs. La seconde partie s'attèle à l'analyse de l'expérimentation IBEST au regard du cadre conventionnaliste et met en exergue qu'un tel processus d'élaboration d'indicateurs induit des transformations aussi bien en ce qui concerne la dimension axiologique présidant à la construction des indicateurs que sur le plan de la rationalisation scientifique et politique. Suivant une logique pragmatique de la recherche-action, nous mettons en avant la plus-value de l'articulation entre une logique d'enquête et une démarche participative au regard du processus d'opérationnalisation d'indicateurs de bien-être soutenable. Au final, outre les apports méthodologiques et cognitifs liés à l'hybridation opérée entre la méthode quantitative et la méthode participative, la contribution de la recherche réside dans l'éclairage que l'expérimentation apporte sur la conception de la dynamique institutionnelle. En effet, le type de montée en généralité particulière associé à la démarche participative et plus largement le processus non linéaire de quantification d'IBEST appuient la pertinence des concepts d' « arrière-plan » et de « communautés interprétatives » pour apprécier le type de dynamique à l'œuvre dans une telle expérimentation et pour la mise en cohérence des notions de légitimité et d' « encastrement institutionnel ». Nous aboutissons ainsi à une conception de la dynamique institutionnelle qui procède par sédimentation et découle d'une transformation des conceptions et des pratiques d'acteurs dans le champ scientifique et politique. / Recent research on alternative indicators suggest the need for a fundamental review of the development process of indicators and is also in line with a general movement criticizing an economistic and expert-centered form of rationalization in the field of public policy. This thesis develops on this work and aims to assess how it is possible that these indicators hold an "alternative" in terms of rationalization of action.To appreciate the changes within the quantification process, the thesis focuses on an experiment conducted in Grenoble on the construction of sustainable territorial social indicators (IBEST). The first part of the work is theoretical. It establishes a link between the conventional form of indicators, their performative nature, the postulate of the actor's rationality and the rationalization of public policies. It is supplemented by an analysis of the axiological dimension of social choice criteria (well-being, sustainability) based on theories of development that can support the construction of such indicators. The second part provides an analysis of the IBEST experiment through the prism of the conventionalist theoretical framework. It underlines that processes of indicators' development such as the IBEST experiment induce transformations both in regard to the axiological dimension governing the construction of indicators and in terms of scientific and political rationalization. By applying the pragmatic logic of action research, we highlight the added value of articulating a logical investigation and a participatory approach in relation to the operationalization's process of sustainable well-being indicators. To conclude, in addition to the methodological and cognitive contributions related to the hybridization between a quantitative method and a participatory approach, the contribution of this research lies in the light the experimentation sheds on the understanding of institutional dynamics. Indeed, the generalization associated to participatory approaches and, on a broader level, the non-linear quantification process implemented in the IBEST experiment supports the relevance of the concepts of "background" and "interpretive communities" when it comes to assessing the dynamics at work in such experimentations and to make coherents the notions of legitimacy and "institutional embeddedness". This thesis leads to a conception of the institutional dynamics which proceeds by sedimentation and results from a transformation of the approaches and practices of actors in the science and political fields.

Ce travail a pour objectif d'analyser l'utilisation des fibres de lin en substitution aux fibres de verre dans les composites destinés au secteur du nautisme. Cette substitution nécessite une meilleure compréhension du cycle de vie des composites depuis la sélection des matériaux, incluant le procédé de mise en œuvre et jusqu'à leur vieillissement hydrique, principalement sous conditions réelles en service (exposition à l'eau, à la température et aux sollicitations mécaniques). Une étude préliminaire a été consacrée à la sélection des matériaux (tissus de fibre de lin et résine polyester) et à la comparaison entre deux procédés de fabrication des composites (infusion sous vide et thermocompression) sur la base de leurs propriétés morphologiques et mécaniques. Le comportement au vieillissement de composites renforcés de fibres de lin (CRFL) et de composites renforcés de fibres de verre (CRFV) est ensuite étudié. Un ensemble de moyens originaux ont été développés afin de suivre les évolutions de la morphologie (prise en eau, gonflement) et des propriétés mécaniques (statiques et dynamiques). Tout d'abord, le vieillissement hydrothermique des composites à base de fibre de lin et de verre est caractérisé jusqu'à leur saturation en eau. Cette étape est suivie de l'étude de la dessiccation afin de contrôler la réversibilité des propriétés physiques et mécaniques. Parallèlement, une étude particulière de ce travail a été consacrée au traitement des fibres afin de réduire leur hydrophilicité dans le composite. Le couplage hydro-thermo-mécanique est alors analysé en imposant une sollicitation de fluage au biocomposite en immersion. L'application de cette méthodologie révèle l'influence significative des sollicitations couplées. Contrairement à toute attente, la superposition d'une charge au vieillissement hydrothermique ralentit la baisse des propriétés élastiques en comparaison de la somme des effets dus aux vieillissements non-couplés. Enfin un modèle de calcul par éléments finis a été mis au point afin de prédire la diffusion hydrique au sein d'un matériau. Le modèle 2D développé intègre la morphologie réelle du composite et particulièrement l'organisation des fibres de lin dans le composite à plusieurs échelles. Cette modélisation représente la première étape dans la prédiction du comportement évolutif des biocomposites pour des conditions de vieillissement en service. / This work aims to address a complete analysis of the use of flax fibres to substitute glass fibres in composite materials designed for nautical applications. This substitution requires a better understanding of the composites life cycle: from materials selection and processing to its hydric ageing, especially under real conditions (exposition to water, temperature and mechanical loadings).A preliminary study is devoted to the selection of materials (flax fibre fabrics and polyester resin) and to the comparison between two methods for manufacturing composites (vacuum infusion and compression moulding) through their mechanical and the morphological properties.The ageing behaviour of flax fibre reinforced composites (FFRC) and glass fibre reinforced composites (GFRC) is then studied. A set of original methods have been implemented to monitor the evolving morphology (water uptake, swelling) and mechanical properties (statics and dynamics). First of all, hydrothermal ageing of glass and flax fibre composites is characterized until water saturation. This step is followed by the study of a drying phase in order to verify the reversibility of physical and mechanical properties. In parallel, a particular issue of this work was devoted to reducing the hydrophilicity of flax fibres into composites.The hydrothermo-mechanical coupling behaviour of biocomposites is then studied by imposing a creep solicitation to biocomposites immersed in water. The application of this methodology highlighted the significant influence of the coupled solicitations. Contrary to all expectations, superimposing a load during a hydrothermal ageing slows the loss of the elastic properties in comparison with the sum of the uncoupled ageing effects.Finally, a finite element model was stablished in order to predict the hydric diffusion within the composite material. The 2D model integrates the real morphology of composites, and particularly the organisation of the flax fibres in the matrix at different scales. This modelling represents the first step in predicting the evolving behaviour of biocomposites exposed to ageing conditions.

Ces travaux proposent une nouvelle approche pour appréhender la durabilité chimique de matrices de conditionnement de déchets radioactifs partiellement cristallisées. Dans le cadre des études menées sur le stockage en formation géologique profonde, les études de comportement à long terme se sont jusqu’alors focalisées sur des matrices vitreuses homogènes. Cependant, les phases cristallines peuvent être à l’origine de modifications de composition chimique des matrices vitreuses et de leurs propriétés : la description et la compréhension de leur influence sur la durabilité chimique sont alors de première importance. Un protocole d’étude de la durabilité de matrices hétérogènes modèles d’intérêt nucléaire contenant des phases cristallines de différentes natures a donc été développé. Il s’appuie sur une description détaillée de la morphologie, microstructure et structure des matrices vitreuses et des phases cristallines ainsi que sur l’étude de différents régimes d’altération. Trois phases cristallines susceptibles de se former lors d’une augmentation du taux d’incorporation en déchet au sein des verres de conditionnement de type Uranium Oxyde ont été étudiées : les molybdates d’alcalins et d’alcalino-terreux, les silicates de terres rares et l’oxyde de ruthénium.Les résultats acquis ont mis en évidence que la composition et la structure du verre englobant sont les paramètres qui pilotent les cinétiques d’altération des matrices vitreuses partiellement cristallisées. Ce comportement est identique quelle que soit la nature des phases cristallines tant qu’elles n’induisent pas de gradient de composition et qu’elles ne percolent pas au sein de la matrice vitreuse. Fort de ces enseignements, une méthodologie d’étude de matrices partiellement cristallisées sans gradient de composition est proposée. Son développement clé réside dans l’évaluation en première approche du comportement des matrices partiellement cristallisées au travers de l’étude expérimentale de la matrice vitreuse englobante dans les différents régimes d’altération. Cette méthodologie pourrait être adaptée aux cas de nouvelles formulations de verres de compositions plus complexes (p. ex. verre à haut taux d’incorporation) pouvant contenir des cristaux formés au cours du refroidissement. / This work describes a new approach to help understand the chemical durability of partially crystallized nuclear waste conditioning matrices. Among the studies carried out on nuclear waste deep geological disposal, long-term behavior studies have so far been conducted on homogeneous glassy matrices. However, as the crystalline phases may generate modifications in the chemical composition and properties of such matrices, the description and a better understanding of their effects on the chemical durability of waste packages are of primary importance.A protocol to study the durability of heterogeneous model matrices of nuclear interest containing different types of crystalline phases was developed. It is based on a detailed description of the morphology, microstructure and structure of the glassy matrix and crystalline phases, and on the study of various alteration regimes. Three crystal phases that may form when higher concentrations of waste are immobilized in Uranium Oxide type conditioning glasses were studied: alkali and alkaline earth molybdates, rare earth silicates and ruthenium oxide.The results highlight the roles of the composition and the structure of the surrounding glassy matrix as the parameters piloting the alteration kinetics of the partially crystallized glassy matrices. This behavior is identical whatever the nature of the crystalline phases, as long as these phases do not lead to a composition gradient and do not percolate within the glassy matrix. Given these results, a methodology to study partially crystallized matrices with no composition gradient is then suggested. Its key development lies firstly in the evaluation of the behavior of partially crystallized matrices through the experimental study of the residual glassy matrix in various alteration regimes. This methodology may be adapted to the case of new glass formulations with more complex compositions (e.g. highly waste-loaded glass), which may contain crystals formed during cooling.