Darmstadt, Techn. Universiẗat, Diss., 2003. / Dateien im PDF-Format.

ITC/USA 2009 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fifth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2009 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a new technique for data transmission. Conforming to the final draft of OFDM-based DVB-T (ETSI EN 300 744 V1.6.1), which is intended for digital terrestrial television broadcasting, a DVB-T baseband system is designed. The system performance is simulated in MATLAB using Simulink. Then it is implemented on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) with the help of System Generator software. The result shows that OFDM is robust against multipath effect and convenient for implementation as well, thus owning a quite promising future.

This thesis includes two topics. The first topic is a 868/915 MHz band ZigBee physical layer design. The second topic is a synchroniza- -tion design of DVB-T demodulators. The first topic includes simulations and a hardware design. This chip is a physical layer design for IEEE Std 802.15.4 standard applications, including both a transmitter and a receiver for 868/915 MHz band. The measurement of the maximum power is about 144 µW at 2.4 MHz. This chip is proved to be compliant with a low power consumption requirement. The second topic mainly includes an introduction of the DVZB-T transmitter, equivalent channel model, a demodulation design of the receiver and simulations. The algorithms of the receiver include symbol timing synchronization, frequency offset estimation and its compensation and scattered pilots synchronization.

Zugl.: Erlangen, Nürnberg, Univ., Diss., 2007

In today’s DVB-T/H (Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial/Handheld) systems, broadcasting is employed, meaning that TV programs are sent over all transmitters, also where there are no viewers. This is inefficient utilization of spectrum and transmitter equipment. IP multicasting is increasingly used for IP-TV over fixed broadband access. In this thesis, IP multicasting is proposed to also be used for terrestrial and mobile TV, meaning that TV programs are only transmitted where viewers have sent join messages over an interaction channel. This would substantially improve the system spectral efficiency (SSE) in (bit/s)/Hz/site, allowing reduced spectrum for the same amount of TV programs. It would even further improve the multiuser system spectral efficiency (MSSE – a measure defined in this study), allowing increased number of TV programs to be transmitted over a given spectrum. Further efficiency or coverage improvement, may be achieved by forming single-frequency networks (SFN), i.e. groups of adjacent transmitters sending the same signal simultaneously, on the same carrier frequency. The combination of multicasting and SFNs is also the principle of eMBMS (evolved Multicast Broadcast Multimedia Service) for cellular mobile TV over 4G LTE. PARPS (packet and resource plan scheduling) is an optimized approach to dynamically forming SFNs that is employed in this study. The target applications are DVB-T/H and eMBMS. Combining SFNs with non-continuous transmission (switching transmitters on and off dynamically) may give even further gain, and is used in LTE, but is difficult to achieve in DVB-T/H. Seven schemes are suggested and analyzed, in view to compare unicasting, multicasting and broadcasting, with or without SFN, with or without PARPS, and with or without continuous transmission. The schemes are evaluated in terms of coverage probability, SSE and MSSE. The schemes are simulated in MATLAB for a system of 4 transmitters, with random viewer positions. Zipf-law TV program selection is employed, using both a homogeneous and heterogeneous user behavior model. The SFN schemes provide substantially better system spectral efficiency compared to the multi-frequency networks (MFN) schemes. IP multicasting over non-continuous transmission dynamic SFN achieves as much as 905% and 1054% gain respectively in system spectral efficiency and multiuser system  spectral efficiency, from broadcasting over MFN, and 425% and 442% gain respectively from  IP multicasting over MFN, for heterogeneous fading case. Additionally, the SFN schemes gives a diversity gain of 3 dB over MFN, that may be utilized to increase the coverage probability by 4.35% for the same data rate, or to increase the data rate by 27 % for the same coverage as MFN.   Keywords: IP multicasting, broadcasting, coverage probability, system spectral efficiency, multiuser system spectral efficiency, DVB-T/H, eMBMS, mobile TV, IP-TV, SFN, MFN, Dynamic SFN, PARPS, homogeneous, heterogeneous, zipf-law

This thesis consists of two parts. The first part includes design and implementation of an RF tuner module for DVB-T receiver applications. The RF tuner module adopts single-conversion architecture and has a variable gain range of more than 60 dB. After improving the tracking filter characteristics, the module can achieve an image rejection of 60 dB. The second part is focused on DVB-T RF specification test for the implemented RF tuner module. This test uses the instruments accepted by DVB association to perform the standard measurement procedure. The measured sensitivity of the module is about -86 dBm, which has good ability to receive DVB-T signal in practical environment.

Digital video broadcasting for Terrestrial (DVB-T) is one of the major standards for the fixed reception of digital television services, and the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) demodulator is a critical module of DVB-T receivers. As the remarkable advace of the VLSI (very large scale integration) circuits, the SOC (system-on-a-chip) of the DVB-T receiver is an inevitabel evolution. Considering the integration of the mixed-signal circuits, the issues ot beat could be the frequency synthesis and the calibration of the mixed-signal circuits. Hence, this thesis proposes an OFDM demodulator and discusses the design issues emerged from the SOC integration. The proposed OFDM demodulator is composed of four blocks: time synchronization, frequency synchronization, 2K/8K mode FFT (fast Fourier transform), and channel estimation. The demodulator utilizes the pilot signals embeded in OFDM symbols to estimate the frequency offset and the channel response. Besides, the demodulator use the cyclic prefix of an OFDM symbol to find the correct starting position of an OFDM symbol, and consequently the payload data of an OFDM symbol can be transmitted to the 2K/8K FFT for further processing. As the demand for a low noise frequency signal, we propose a direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS) based on the quadruple angle approximation. According to the proposed trigonometric 2nd-order quadruple angle approximation, the DDFS can produce a high-resolution and low-phase noise digital sinusoid without any ROM (read only memory). The digital calibration is an effective scheme to prevent ADCs (analog-to-digital converter) from the interference of noise. A random number generator (RNG) is an essential component for the calibration circuitry. However, the realization of the RNG is an important but long ignored issue. This thesis proposes a RNG based on a chaotic system wherein the coefficients of the system is dynamically changed to attain an ideal random bit stream with flat power spectrum density.

In this dissertation we deal with methods of minimizing block artefacts in digital terrestrial TV broadcasting. These artefacts are caused by compressions based on the cosine transformation (JPEG, MPEG2 I-Frames). The aim of this work is therefore to create a DVB-J application the main function of which would be to minimize block artefacts in natural images transmitted by DVB-T. That is why we first inquire into the technology of DVB digital transmission and MHP platform which provides the function and the running of interactive applications. Next, we define differences between Java and JavaTV languages and describe the way they develop, simulate and start DVB-J applications. In the following part of this work, we analyze methods that can be used to detect and minimize block artefacts. Further on, we describe the design of an adaptive filter which minimizes block artefacts (hereinafter just ´MHP-MBA´). The major result of the entire work is an MHP-Deblocking application that in itself implements a newly created MHP-MBA deblocking filter as well as a filter from video kodek H.263. In the final part we concern ourselves with testing this application on a genuine set-top-box in DVB-T broadcasting.

Der Vortrag gibt einen Überblick zu DVB-T. Dabei wird auf Übertragungstechniken, geeignete Hardware und die Konfiguration am Beispiel von Fedora Linux vorgestellt. Ausgewählte Anwendungen runden die Präsentation ab.

Zugl.: Darmstadt, Techn. Universiẗat, Diss., 2009.