This thesis focuses on solving problems related to searching of relevant data on the internet. In text is presented possible solution in form of application capable of automated extraction and aggregation of data from web and their presentation, based on input key words. For this purpouse there were studied and discribed possibilities of automated extraction from three chosen data types, mainly used as data storages on the internet. Furthermore it focuses on ways of data mining from social networks. As a result it pressents planning, implementation, realization and testing of created appliation which can easily find, display and let user easy access searched informations.

The aim of this thesis is to create data acquisition application. The software module is designed for the industrial panel PC. Power Panel 520 from Bernecker + Reiner and the data acquisition board NI USB-6215 from National Instruments represent the fundamental hardware components for this project. Data acquisition and visualization tasks are controlled by a standalone application made in LabVIEW 2011. OPC, industrial standard in communication, is responsible for mutual interconnection between control (PLC) and data acquisition part. Network shared variables and Apple iPad 2 allow remote surveillance for operator. Finally, the creation of user-friendly interface and integration of technologies from different vendors, are main goals of this project.

L’expérience SuperNEMO est conçue pour la recherche de la double désintégration bêta (ββ) sans émission de neutrinos impliquant un neutrino de Majorana (ν ≡ ν̄) massif. Le module démonstrateur de l’expérience est actuellement en cours d’installation au Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane (LSM). La technique de détection utilisée, dite tracko-calo, permet la mesure en énergie des particules traversant le détecteur ainsi qu’une reconstruction complète de leur cinématique.Cette thèse présente la conception, la simulation et l’implémentation d’un système de déclenchement de l’électronique pour le module démonstrateur de SuperNEMO. Le but de ce système est de maximiser l’efficacité de détection pour des évènements ββ ainsi que pour des évènements dits de bruits de fond issus de la radioactivité naturelle tout en réduisant le taux d’acquisition pour des évènements d’autodéclenchement des détecteurs. Un ensemble d’algorithmes de reconnaissances de traces et d’association calorimètre–trajectographe a été développé et implémenté dans les cartes électroniques après validation par des simulations Monte-Carlo. Les objectifs de performance ont été atteints en prenant en compte les différentes contraintes (physique des détecteurs, électronique, temps réel) maximisant les efficacités de détection pour des évènements d’intérêt physique. / The SuperNEMO experiment is designed for the neutrinoless double beta decay (ββ) research involving a massive Majorana neutrino (ν ≡ ν̄). The demonstrator module of the experiment is currently being installed at the Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane (LSM). The so-called tracko-calo detection technique allows the energy measurement of the particles passing through the detector and a complete reconstruction of their kinematics.This thesis presents the design, simulation and implementation of the electronics trigger system for the SuperNEMO demonstrator module. The purpose of this system is to maximize the detection efficiency for ββ events as well as for background events due to natural radioactivity while reducing the acquisition rate caused by spurious events. Pattern recognition and calorimeter-tracker association algorithms have been developed and implemented in electronic boards after validation by Monte-Carlo simulations. The performance targets have been reached, taking into account different constraints (physics of the detectors, electronics, real time) with maximized detection efficiency for events of interest.

Die Digitalisierung im Bauwesen steht unter der großen Überschrift Building Information Modeling (BIM). Ziel ist es, Software-Unterstützung für den gesamten Lebenszyklus eines Bauwerks zu schaffen, beginnend bei der Planung über die Bauausführung bis hin zu Bewirtschaftung und Rückbau. Im Ergebnis sollen alle Prozesse effektiver und effizienter gestaltet werden, um die Produktivität der Bauwirtschaft signifikant zu erhöhen. Hierbei sind die verschiedenen Software-Lösungen so ausgelegt, dass ein übergreifendes virtuelles Gesamtmodell entsteht, welches die Gebäudefunktion zum Planungszeitpunkt simuliert und zu optimieren erlaubt, die interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit fördert und die Kommunikation zwischen allen Beteiligten erleichtert. Die vielleicht wichtigste und am deutlichsten sichtbare Rolle spielt dabei, neben der Standardisierung der Datenformate, die Umstellung von 2D- auf 3D-Geometriemodelle. In dieser Arbeit wird beschrieben, welche Herausforderungen und Chancen bezüglich BIM für die Planung von Bahn-Bauwerken bestehen. Der spezifische Fokus liegt auf der Anwendung von 3D-CAD- und 3D-Laserscan-Modellen der zu erstellenden Anlagen.

A thesis which models the DNP3 and IEC 61850 protocol in OPNET / Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) is a critical part of monitoring and controlling of the electrical substation. The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the performance of the Distributed Network Protocol Version 3.3 (DNP3) protocol and to compare its performance to that of International Electro-technical Commission (IEC) 61850 protocol in an electrical substation communication network environment. Building an electrical substation control room and installing the network equipment was going to be expensive and take a lot of time. The better option was to build a model of the electrical substation communication network and run simulations. Riverbend modeller academic edition known as Optimized Network Engineering Tool (OPNET) was chosen as a software package to model substation communication network, DNP3 protocol and IEC 61850 Protocol stack. Modelling the IEC 61850 protocol stack on OPNET involved building the used Open System Interconnection (OSI) layers of the IEC 61850 protocol stack onto the application definitions of OPNET. The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) configuration settings of DNP3 protocol were also modelled on the OPNET application definitions. The aim is to compare the two protocols and determine which protocol is the best performing one in terms of throughput, data delay and latency. The substation communication model consists of 10 ethernet nodes which simulate protection Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs), 13 ethernet switches, a server which simulates the substation Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) and the DNP3 Protocol over TCP/IP simulated on the model. DNP3 is a protocol that can be used in a power utility computer network to provide communication service for the grid components. DNP3 protocol is currently used at Eskom as the communication protocol because it is widely used by equipment vendors in the energy sector. DNP3 protocol will be modelled before being compared to the new recent robust protocol IEC 61850 in the same model and determine which protocol is the best for Eskom on the network of the power grid. The network load and packet delay parameters were sampled when 10%, 50%, 90% and 100% of devices are online. The IEC 61850 protocol model has three scenarios and they are normal operation of a Substation, maintenance in a Substation and Buszone operation at a Substation. In these scenarios packet end to end delay of Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE), vi © University of South Africa 2020 Generic Substation Status Event (GSSE), Sampled Values (SV) and Manufacturing Messaging Specification (MMS) messages are monitored. The throughput from the IED under maintenance and the throughput at the Substation RTU end is monitored in the model. Analysis of the results of the DNP3 protocol simulation showed that with an increase in number of nodes there was an increase in packet delay as well as the network load. The load on the network should be taken into consideration when designing a substation communication network that requires a quick response such as a smart gird. GOOSE, GSSE, SV results on the IEC 61850 model met all the requirements of the IEC 61850 standard and the MMS did not meet all the requirements of the IEC standard. The design of the substation communication network using IEC 61850 will assist when trying to predict the behavior of the network with regards to this specific protocol during maintenance and when there are faults in the communication network or IED’s. After the simulation of the DNP3 protocol and the IEC 61850 the throughput of DNP3 protocol was determined to be in the range (20 – 450) kbps and the throughput of IEC61850 protocol was determined to be in the range (1.6 – 16) Mbps. / College of Engineering, Science and Technology / M. Tech. (Electrical Engineering)

Doctoral thesis deals with professional laundry care process and reduction of energy intensity and use of other operational commodities used in the process. Professional laundry care process is a specific energy intensive process; its purpose is to re-establish original properties of the now dirty laundry so that it may fulfil its functions again. This is basically a recycling and regeneration process comprising many sub-operations. Key operation is washing of the laundry in a washing bath, which removes impurities from the laundry. This thesis describes the most common technology of impurities removal, which is washing in a hot washing bath in cooperation with mechanical work and detergents. However, all of the described procedures may also be applied on alternative technologies, such as ozone washing, washing with low-temperature enzymes and ultrasound. Water is applied in all these technologies as a soaking agent. Water must have appropriate properties and must be removed from the laundry after the washing process in subsequent operations (drying, ironing, and pressing). Theoretical introduction of the thesis describes professional laundry care process in detail, and continues with mathematical modelling of the process and its main sub-operations (washing, drying) using mass and heat balance, and data acquisition and their application in research and development. Thesis further describes design of information system on the basis of relational database controlled by web application. This system enables to organize data and information from various sources – measured experimental data, data concerning measurement devices, operational records of machines, etc. Thesis further proposes how to evaluate and reduce energy intensity of a process. Descriptions are validated by examples and case studies. Key section of the thesis is a chapter describing experimental infrastructure. This infrastructure integrates several instalments of laundry equipment and is a fully functional operation of industrial laundry facility with 500kg/shift capacity, which serves as a model of energy intensive process. Sophisticated infrastructure and data acquisition system allows measuring wide spectrum of physical entities and examining factors influencing energy intensity of processes, and relationships between these factors as well as effectiveness of various savings measures in real life facilities.

No description available.

This thesis presents the design, implementation, and validation of a synchronized wireless biomedical measurement system, specifically developed for research in Cardiac-Locomotor Coupling (CLC). By integrating EMG and ECG sensors in combination with inertial measurements, the system enables the simultaneous recording and analysis of physiological and biomechanical data. The adoption of a 433 MHz radio communication protocol ensures reliable synchronization across multiple sensor nodes. Results demonstrate the system’s effectiveness in providing accurate, synchronized data essential for enhancing understanding of CLC and its implications on athletic performance and rehabilitation of patients with heart deficiencies. This project addresses the lack of an integrated, wireless system capable of efficiently synchronizing biomedical measurements, such as heart rate, body movement, and blood pressure, thus facilitating advanced research into CLC. / Denna avhandling presenterar designen, implementationen och valideringen av ett synkroniserat trådlöst biomedicinskt mätsystem, specifikt utvecklat för forskning inom aktiv länkning av rörelseapparaten och hjärtats pumparbete, även känd som Cardiac-Locomotor Coupling (CLC) på engelska. Genom att integrera EMG- och EKG sensorer i kombination med accelerometermätningar möjliggör systemet simultan inspelning och analys av fysiologiska och biomekaniska data. Användningen av en 433 MHz radio-kommunikationsprotokoll säkerställer pålitlig synkronisering över flera sensorsnoder. Resultatet visar systemets effektivitet när det gäller att tillhandahålla noggranna, synkroniserade data som är avgörande för att förbättra förståelsen för CLC och dess implikationer för idrottsprestation och rehabilitering. Detta projekt ämnar att fylla behovet av ett integrerat trådlöst system som är kapabelt att effektivt synkronisera biomedicinska mätningar, såsom hjärtfrekvens, kroppsrörelse och blodtryck, vilket möjliggör avancerad forskning av CLC.

Board-to-board connectors are used for electrically connecting one printed circuit board to another. In this thesis, a method for assessing the reliability of such connectors will be developed and tested with the goal of determining the reliability of a selection of connectors. Board-to-board connectors are widely used for connecting different electronic modules to each other, forming a modular system. Today, one of the limiting factors when it comes to modularizing electronic systems, is the lack of data on the long-term reliability of board-to-board connectors. The methods detailed in this thesis are meant to enable electronic designers to make informed decisions on connector selection when modularizing electronic systems. Modularization of electronic systems has several advantages, for example an increased first-pass yield (FPY) during assembly, and the ability to modify or replace certain parts of the system without re-spinning the entire thing. The method by which the reliability of connectors will be tested, is to continuously measure the contact resistance of the connectors during a selection of stress tests. The stress tests in question are mechanical vibration tests, thermal cycling tests, and actuation tests, all of which represent conditions that products from Hitachi Energy may be subjected to. There already exist standards on how to measure contact resistance, but those standards are not necessarily scalable to the measurement of thousands of contacts, nor are they made with the expectation that contacts can be measured during stress tests. The methods presented in this report are developed with the existing standards as basis, but have been modified in order to facilitate the measurement of thousands of contacts during stress tests. The results show that there are advantages to continuous monitoring of contact resistances during tests, as behaviors can be observed, which would not have been captured had the tests been performed conventionally. Furthermore the system which was developed forms the groundwork for a more convenient and cost effective method for testing the reliability of a large selection of board-to-board connectors. / Kontaktdon för kort-till-kort-anslutning används för att elektriskt koppla ett kretskort till ett annat. I denna avhandling utvecklas och testas en metod för att bedöma pålitligheten hos sådana anslutningar, med målet att fastställa pålitligheten hos ett urval av existerande kontaktdon. Kontaktdon för anslutning av kretskort till varandra används allmänt för att knyta ihop olika elektroniska moduler till varandra och bilda ett modulärt system. Idag är en av de begränsande faktorerna när det gäller att modularisera elektroniska system, bristen på data för långtidstålighet hos kontaktdon för kort-till-kort-anslutning. De metoder som beskrivs i denna avhandling är avsedda att möjliggöra för elektronikdesigner att fatta korrekta beslut om kontaktdonsval vid modularisering av elektroniska system. Modularisering av elektroniska system har flera fördelar, till exempel en förbättrad “first-pass yield”, FPY, när det gäller montering och möjligheten att modifiera eller ersätta vissa delar av systemet utan att behöva göra om hela systemet. Metoden som här används för att testa pålitligheten hos kontaktdon är att kontinuerligt mäta kontaktresistansen hos kontaktdonen under ett antal stresstester. De aktuella stresstesterna är mekaniska vibrationsprov, termocykeltester och aktiveringstester, vilka alla representerar vanliga situationer som Hitachi Energy’s produkter kan utsättas för. Det finns redan standarder för hur man mäter kontaktresistans, men dessa standarder är ofta inte skalbara till mätningar av tusentals kontakter samtidigt, och de är inte heller utformade för att mäta kontakter under stresstester. De metoder som presenteras i denna rapport är utvecklade med befintliga standarderna som grund, men har modifierats för att underlätta mätning av tusentals kontakter under olika stresstester. Resultaten visar att det finns fördelar med kontinuerlig övervakning av kontaktresistanser under tester, eftersom vissa beteenden kan observeras som inte skulle ha upptäckts om testerna hade utförts på ett konventionellt sätt. Dessutom utgör det system som utvecklades grunden för en mer bekväm och kostnadseffektiv metod för att testa pålitligheten hos ett stort urval av kontaktdon för kort-till-kort-anslutningar.

In chemical and energy engineering, it is crucial to understand the thermodynamic properties of fluids and solids and their phase behavior. Equations of state have been proven to be extremely helpful in representing these properties. Today, the most accurate modeling approaches for equations of state are empirical methods. These methods typically depend on the expert knowledge of the modeler, as well as on the quantity and quality of the available data. To accelerate the modeling process, the potential of symbolic regression, a method that not only fits the parameters of a given model, but also seeks its functional form, is investigated. Accurate modeling of thermodynamic properties is impossible, without a reliable data base. While different data acquisition methods exist, carefully conducted measurements are the most important data acquisition method. However, setting up experiments and conducting the measurements are often time-consuming and expensive. Therefore, reducing the experimental effort without sacrificing information for model development is highly desirable. Optimal experimental design is a methodology for planning measurements that aims to be the most informative regarding the uncertainty in parameter estimates or predictions of a given model. In the present thesis, the optimal experimental design algorithm was adapted to consider different equilibrium times for changes in temperature and pressure. The main problems for the individual application of symbolic regression and optimal experimental design are that for symbolic regression, there are often not enough data available, and for optimal experimental design, the underlying model is rarely known. For this reason, the potential of combining optimal experimental design with symbolic regression for efficient thermodynamic property modeling was investigated within an iterative data acquisition and modeling process. Optimal experimental design and symbolic regression, individually and together, were found to have the potential to accelerate the data acquisition and modeling of thermodynamic properties, which is also of interest for other applications.:Nomenclature Abstract Kurzfassung Introduction Results Summary and Outlook Bibliography Appendix / In der Chemie- und Energietechnik ist es von entscheidender Bedeutung, die thermodynamischen Eigenschaften von Flüssigkeiten und Feststoffen und ihr Phasenverhalten zu verstehen. Zustandsgleichungen haben sich bei der Darstellung dieser Eigenschaften als äußerst hilfreich erwiesen. Die genauesten Modellierungsansätze für Zustandsgleichungen sind heute empirische Methoden. Diese Methoden hängen in der Regel vom Fachwissen des Modellierers sowie von der Menge und Qualität der verfügbaren Daten ab. Um den Modellierungsprozess zu beschleunigen, wird das Potenzial der symbolischen Regression untersucht, einer Methode, die nicht nur die Parameter eines gegebenen Modells anpasst, sondern auch dessen funktionale Form sucht. Eine genaue Modellierung der thermodynamischen Eigenschaften ist ohne eine zuverlässige Datenbasis nicht möglich. Zwar gibt es verschiedene Methoden der Datenerfassung, doch sind sorgfältig durchgeführte Messungen die wichtigste Methode der Datenerfassung. Der Aufbau von Experimenten und die Durchführung der Messungen sind jedoch oft zeitaufwändig und teuer. Daher ist es äußerst wünschenswert, den experimentellen Aufwand zu verringern, ohne dabei Informationen für die Modellentwicklung zu verlieren. Optimale Versuchsplanung ist eine Methodik zur Planung von Messungen die darauf abzielt, die Unsicherheit in den Parameterschätzungen oder Vorhersagen eines gegebenen Modells so informativ wie möglich zu gestalten. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde der Algorithmus für die optimale Versuchsplanung so angepasst, dass unterschiedliche Gleichgewichtszeiten für Temperatur- und Druckänderungen berücksichtigt werden. Die Hauptprobleme bei der individuellen Anwendung von symbolischer Regression und optimaler Versuchsplanung sind, dass für die symbolische Regression oft nicht genügend Daten zur Verfügung stehen und bei der optimalen Versuchsplanung das zugrunde liegende Modell selten bekannt ist. Aus diesem Grund wurde das Potenzial der Kombination von optimaler Versuchsplanung und symbolischer Regression für eine effiziente Modellierung thermodynamischer Eigenschaften im Rahmen eines iterativen Datenerfassungs- und Modellierungsprozesses untersucht. Es wurde festgestellt, dass die optimale Versuchsplanung und die symbolische Regression, sowohl einzeln als auch zusammen, das Potenzial haben, die Datenerfassung und Modellierung thermodynamischer Eigenschaften zu beschleunigen, was auch für andere Anwendungen von Interesse ist.:Nomenclature Abstract Kurzfassung Introduction Results Summary and Outlook Bibliography Appendix