The subject of the master’s thesis is the implementation of ICT product in logistic department of enterprise which uses the lean production. The current situation is analyzed the analysis of enterprise economic status is provided and Lean Manufacturing-oriented logistics ICT products are described. The two leading ICT products which could help to optimize the logistics processes are compared, the system requirements and bottlenecks expected are determined.

The accelerating progress in network speeds and computing power permitted the architectural design paradigm to shift from monolithic applications to microservices. The industry moved from single-core and multi-threads, code-heavy applications, running on giant machines 24/7 to smaller machines, multi-cores single threads where computing power and memory consumption are managed very critically. With the advent of this novel approach to designing systems, traditional multi-tier applications have been broken down into hundreds of microservices that can be easily moved around, start, and stop quickly. In this context, scaling assumed a new meaning, rather than scaling up by adding more resources or computing power, now systems are scaled dynamically by adding more microservices instances. This contribution proposes a theoretical study and a practical experiment to investigate, compare and outline the performance improvements aid by the implementation of Protocol Buffers, Google's language-neutral, binary-based representational data interchange format over traditional text-based serialization formats in a modern, Cloud-Native, REST-based Java Microservice architecture. Findings are presented showing promising results regarding the implementation of Protobuf, with a significant reduction in response time (25.1% faster in the best-case scenario) and smaller payload size (72.28% better in the best-case scenario) when compared to traditional textual serialization formats while literature revealed out-of-the-box mechanisms for message versioning with backward compatibility.

Today, society is ever-increasing in its use of technology and computers. The increase in technology creates a need for different programming languages with unique properties. The creation of a system may require multiple languages for multiple processes that need to transfer data between one another. There are several solutions for sharing data between processes with their respective strengths and weaknesses. The differences create a problem of needing to understand the data transfer solutions to use them effectively. This thesis addresses the problem of there not existing any guidelines for data transfer solutions. The purpose is to create guidelines for choosing a data transfer solution. The goal is to help software developers find a data transfer solution that fits their needs. The thesis is meant to inform and contribute to the understanding of possible solutions for sharing data between processes. A literature study and practical study were needed to get that understanding. The literature study was conducted to understand the solutions and to be able to compare them. After that, a practical study was performed to work with the solutions and gain experience. The study was meant to gain measurements for later comparisons of data transfer solutions. The measurements followed the comparative criteria of speed , resource usage , and language support . The result was the creation of guidelines that displayed different scenarios based on the comparative criteria. For each situation, there was a recommendation of solutions that would help in the given situation. These results accomplished the goal and purpose by providing guidelines that could help software developers choose a data transfer solution. / Användningen av olika teknologier och datorer ökar konstant i dagens samhälle. Detta skapar ett behov av olika programmeringsspråk med olika egenskaper. Ett projekt kan kräver flera språk för olika processer, så kan programmen behöva kommunicera genom att överföra data sinsemellan. Det finns olika dataöverföringslösningar för att dela data och de har sina svagheter och styrkor. Skillnaderna skapar problemet att en användare behöver förstå dataöverföringslösningar för att använda dem effektivt. Avhandlingen tar upp problemet att det inte finns några riktlinjer för dataöverföringslösningar. Syftet med avhandlingen är att skapa riktlinjer för att välja en dataöverföringslösning. Målet med avhandlingen är att hjälpa mjukvaruutvecklare att välja en dataöverföringslösning som passar deras behov. Avhandlingen är menad att informera och att bidra till förståelsen av dataöverföringslösningar. Därför krävdes det både en litteraturstudie och en praktisk studie. Litteraturstudien utfördes för att få en förståelse för de olika lösningarna och kunna jämföra dem. Den praktiska studien utfördes för att arbeta med lösningarna och lära sig om dem. Arbetet var menat att ta fram mätvärden för att kunna jämföra dataöverföringslösningar. Mätvärdena följde jämnförelsekriterierna hastighet, resursanvändning, och tillgängliga språk. Resultatet av avhandlingen var skapandet av riktlinjerna. Riktlinjerna visar olika situationer baserade på jämförelsekriterierna. För varje situation rekommenderas det en dataöverföringslösning som hjälpte i situationen. Resultatet uppnådde syftet och målet med avhandlingen genom att skapa riktlinjer som hjälper mjukvaruutvecklare att välja dataöverföringslösningar.

A dissertação a seguir submete à apreciação uma sugestão inovadora de um modelo de plataforma para a automação dos processos, trocas de informações e documentos eletrônicos utilizando o EDI - Electronic Data Interchange, entre empresas envolvidas no processo do Gerenciamento da Cadeia de Suprimentos (SCM - Supply Chain Management), visando a redução de custos e eliminação das etapas operacionais; ações que se tornam fundamentais para a sobrevivência e crescimento em um mundo globalizado e competitivo. Na parte inicial, apresenta-se a atual situação do Comércio Exterior Brasileiro; seu crescimento ao longo dos anos, sua relevância frente aos mercados internacionais e a participação das empresas brasileiras nesse cenário. Na seqüência, são apresentados os conceitos do SCM e a evolução da logística, inserindo os detalhes do EDI, sua utilização para a automação dos processos mercantil e logístico. Como exemplo, foram incluídos comentários sobre as iniciativas do Governo Brasileiro na utilização da Nota Fiscal Eletrônica (NF-e), cuja finalidade foi automatizar o processo mercantil das empresas e diminuir a sonegação fiscal. A seguir, há a apresentação da pesquisa, realizada com 38 (trinta e oito) - entre as 500 (quinhentas) empresas de maior faturamento do Brasil - com a finalidade de demonstrar os benefícios, a satisfação e o nível de automação após a utilização do EDI dentro das áreas mercantil, logística e financeira dessas empresas. Algumas informações como, por exemplo, o aumento das vendas e a diminuição da falta de produtos nas prateleiras (ruptura de gôndola), entre outros resultados, também mereceram destaque, uma vez que, segundo a pesquisa, esses indicadores foram melhorados através da utilização do EDI. Finalmente, para concluir, é sugerido um modelo de plataforma utilizando o EDI e a TI - Tecnologia da Informação, com a finalidade de automatizar ainda mais os processos existentes nas empresas, aumentando a eficiência nos processos de negócio no âmbito nacional e internacional, nos diferentes níveis de relacionamento, seja com clientes, fornecedores, governo e outras empresas. O modelo de plataforma sugerido contempla a utilização de várias tecnologias distintas, tornando-as disponíveis a diferentes empresas independente do porte. / The present work suggests an innovative idea about a new model of a platform proceedings automation, sharing electronic information and documents making use of the EDI - Electronic Data Interchange, between companies on SCM - Supply Chain Management, focusing costs reducing and eliminating operational processes steps, crucial to survival and growth in a globalized and competitiveness world. At beginning, it makes an analysis about Brazilian\'s Foreign Commerce scenario, its growth in a period of two years, its relevance facing international market and Brazilians company\'s market share on the scenario. In the sequence, it brings some concepts about SCM and logistics\' evolution, including details of EDI, its automation use to mercantile and logistics processes. Moreover, as an example, it brings comments about initiatives of Brazilian\'s Government about the use of electronic invoice (NF-e) that is used to automatize mercantile processes for companies reducing misappropriation. Following, it shows a market resource carried out with 38 (thirty eight) of 500 biggest Brazilian companies concerning benefits, satisfaction and automation levels using the EDI in the following areas: mercantile, logistics and financial areas of those companies. Some information like sales growth and reduction of products\' needs on the shelves among results deserved attention, because according to the resource all of those indicators were improved through the use of EDI. Finally, the present work suggests a model of using EDI and IT (Information Technology), to the effect of automatizing all the processes in the companies, increasing efficiency in the business process, with clients, suppliers, government and other companies, domestic and international market. The use of many different technologies are regarded on the platform\'s model, this make it available for companies with different sizes.

A dissertação a seguir submete à apreciação uma sugestão inovadora de um modelo de plataforma para a automação dos processos, trocas de informações e documentos eletrônicos utilizando o EDI - Electronic Data Interchange, entre empresas envolvidas no processo do Gerenciamento da Cadeia de Suprimentos (SCM - Supply Chain Management), visando a redução de custos e eliminação das etapas operacionais; ações que se tornam fundamentais para a sobrevivência e crescimento em um mundo globalizado e competitivo. Na parte inicial, apresenta-se a atual situação do Comércio Exterior Brasileiro; seu crescimento ao longo dos anos, sua relevância frente aos mercados internacionais e a participação das empresas brasileiras nesse cenário. Na seqüência, são apresentados os conceitos do SCM e a evolução da logística, inserindo os detalhes do EDI, sua utilização para a automação dos processos mercantil e logístico. Como exemplo, foram incluídos comentários sobre as iniciativas do Governo Brasileiro na utilização da Nota Fiscal Eletrônica (NF-e), cuja finalidade foi automatizar o processo mercantil das empresas e diminuir a sonegação fiscal. A seguir, há a apresentação da pesquisa, realizada com 38 (trinta e oito) - entre as 500 (quinhentas) empresas de maior faturamento do Brasil - com a finalidade de demonstrar os benefícios, a satisfação e o nível de automação após a utilização do EDI dentro das áreas mercantil, logística e financeira dessas empresas. Algumas informações como, por exemplo, o aumento das vendas e a diminuição da falta de produtos nas prateleiras (ruptura de gôndola), entre outros resultados, também mereceram destaque, uma vez que, segundo a pesquisa, esses indicadores foram melhorados através da utilização do EDI. Finalmente, para concluir, é sugerido um modelo de plataforma utilizando o EDI e a TI - Tecnologia da Informação, com a finalidade de automatizar ainda mais os processos existentes nas empresas, aumentando a eficiência nos processos de negócio no âmbito nacional e internacional, nos diferentes níveis de relacionamento, seja com clientes, fornecedores, governo e outras empresas. O modelo de plataforma sugerido contempla a utilização de várias tecnologias distintas, tornando-as disponíveis a diferentes empresas independente do porte. / The present work suggests an innovative idea about a new model of a platform proceedings automation, sharing electronic information and documents making use of the EDI - Electronic Data Interchange, between companies on SCM - Supply Chain Management, focusing costs reducing and eliminating operational processes steps, crucial to survival and growth in a globalized and competitiveness world. At beginning, it makes an analysis about Brazilian\'s Foreign Commerce scenario, its growth in a period of two years, its relevance facing international market and Brazilians company\'s market share on the scenario. In the sequence, it brings some concepts about SCM and logistics\' evolution, including details of EDI, its automation use to mercantile and logistics processes. Moreover, as an example, it brings comments about initiatives of Brazilian\'s Government about the use of electronic invoice (NF-e) that is used to automatize mercantile processes for companies reducing misappropriation. Following, it shows a market resource carried out with 38 (thirty eight) of 500 biggest Brazilian companies concerning benefits, satisfaction and automation levels using the EDI in the following areas: mercantile, logistics and financial areas of those companies. Some information like sales growth and reduction of products\' needs on the shelves among results deserved attention, because according to the resource all of those indicators were improved through the use of EDI. Finally, the present work suggests a model of using EDI and IT (Information Technology), to the effect of automatizing all the processes in the companies, increasing efficiency in the business process, with clients, suppliers, government and other companies, domestic and international market. The use of many different technologies are regarded on the platform\'s model, this make it available for companies with different sizes.

The growth of eCommerce is being hampered by a lack of trust between providers and consumers of Web-based services. While Web trust issues have been addressed by researchers in many disciplines, a comprehensive approach has yet to be established. This thesis proposes a conceptual trust-profiling framework???W3TF???which addresses issues of trust and user confidence through a range of new user-centred trust measures???trust categories, trust domains, transitivity of trust, fading factor analysis, standalone assessment, hyperlinked assessment and relevance assessment. While others now use the concept of transitivity of trust, it was first introduced by this research in 1998. The thesis also illustrates how W3TF can narrow the gap/disconnection between the hierarchical PKI trust environment and the horizontal Web referral environment. The framework incorporates existing measures of trust (such as Public Key Infrastructure), takes account of consumer perceptions by identifying trust attributes, and utilises Web technology (in the form of metadata), to create a practical, flexible and comprehensive approach to trust assessment. The versatility of the W3TF is demonstrated by applying it to a variety of cases from trust literature and to the hypothetical case study that provided the initial stimulus for this research. It is shown that the framework can be expanded to accommodate new trust attributes, categories and domains, and that trust can be ???weighed??? (and therefore evaluated) by using various mathematical formulae based on different theories and policies. The W3TF addresses identified needs, narrows the gaps in existing approaches and provides a mechanism to embrace current and future efforts in trust management. The framework is a generic form of trust assessment that can help build user confidence in an eCommerce environment. For service providers, it offers an incentive to create websites with a high number of desired trust attributes. For consumers, it enables more reliable judgments to be made. Hence, Web trust can be enhanced.

published_or_final_version / Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering / Master / Master of Philosophy

The growth of eCommerce is being hampered by a lack of trust between providers and consumers of Web-based services. While Web trust issues have been addressed by researchers in many disciplines, a comprehensive approach has yet to be established. This thesis proposes a conceptual trust-profiling framework???W3TF???which addresses issues of trust and user confidence through a range of new user-centred trust measures???trust categories, trust domains, transitivity of trust, fading factor analysis, standalone assessment, hyperlinked assessment and relevance assessment. While others now use the concept of transitivity of trust, it was first introduced by this research in 1998. The thesis also illustrates how W3TF can narrow the gap/disconnection between the hierarchical PKI trust environment and the horizontal Web referral environment. The framework incorporates existing measures of trust (such as Public Key Infrastructure), takes account of consumer perceptions by identifying trust attributes, and utilises Web technology (in the form of metadata), to create a practical, flexible and comprehensive approach to trust assessment. The versatility of the W3TF is demonstrated by applying it to a variety of cases from trust literature and to the hypothetical case study that provided the initial stimulus for this research. It is shown that the framework can be expanded to accommodate new trust attributes, categories and domains, and that trust can be ???weighed??? (and therefore evaluated) by using various mathematical formulae based on different theories and policies. The W3TF addresses identified needs, narrows the gaps in existing approaches and provides a mechanism to embrace current and future efforts in trust management. The framework is a generic form of trust assessment that can help build user confidence in an eCommerce environment. For service providers, it offers an incentive to create websites with a high number of desired trust attributes. For consumers, it enables more reliable judgments to be made. Hence, Web trust can be enhanced.

The main aim of this thesis is to evaluate the use of Helios Orange in the context of a specific company. The thesis is divided into two parts, a theoretical and a practical one. The theoretical part describes the history of accounting and developments in the technology of bookkeeping, the development of ERP systems, related legislation and selected possibilities of electronic data interchange. In the practical part, the company PNEU PROCHÁZKA s.r.o. is firstly described. Selected most used modules of Helios Orange are then further discribed and evaluated including the possibilities of change in their use.

APLAN is a computer software system developed to aid in an apparel company's management system. APLAN is designed to improve the efficiency of production management by combining the companies' main production activities in one system. This project was designed to use MYSQL as the database system. JSP (Java Server Pages) is an interface between MySQL and the web browser and the database access scheme is JDBC (JAVA Database Connectivity).