The achievements of operation in Taiwan Power Company, a state-run power supply enterprise, affect by the non-controllable factor such as energy policy and dispatcher factor and so on. The conclusion based on simplification for input and output because that these factors too complicated to concreted. This research uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate relative efficiencies of power plants in Taiwan Power Company by involving variables of the capacity, manpower, the cost of operation and maintenance, net power output, through relevant documents. The slack variable analysis show that where these shortcomings are. This main conclusions of this study are summarized as follows: The empirical results indicate that the best average relative efficiency of 5 power plants are the TaiChung thermal power plant, 3rd nuclear power plant, 2nd nuclear power plant, 1st nuclear power plant and the Eastern hydropower plant. The worst 5 power plants are The Takuan hydropower plant, Mingtan hydropower plant, DaLin thermal power plant, Nan-Pu thermal power plant and the Jhuolan hydropower plant. The slack variable vnalysis show that there are the eight idle installed capacity, three idle personnel and seven over cost of operation and maintenance of the power plant to carry on the self-criticism. The good average relative efficiency power plant among seven hydropower plants are Mingtan; But the bad relative efficiency is Jhuolan power plant. Enhances management achievements of the hydropower plant department, should first have the four idle installed capacity, three idle personnel and two over cost of operation and maintenance of the power plant to carry on the self-criticism. By the three nuclear power plant for the analysis object knew its relative efficiency to be best by the 3rd site, the 2nd site is the worst. Enhances management achievements of the nuclear power plant, should first have the one idle personnel and two over cost of operation and maintenance of the power plant to carry on the self-criticism. For analyzing the object knowing relative efficiency by eight thermal power plants, the best is the Taichung power plant; but relative bad efficiency is the DaLin power plant. Enhances management achievements part the thermal power plant should first have the four idle installed capacity, four idle personnel and six over cost of operation and maintenance of the power plant to carry on the self-criticism. From four type of analyses, the technical efficiency is bigger than overall efficiency in Taipower company. Because the input efficiency over the output efficiency ratio is inadequate, therefore, we may promote overall efficiency by the way of the improvement of scale efficiency.

Due to the National Immigration Agency going public, a large amount of foreign affairs policeman shifts there forward from local police bureau, hence brings about the shortage of local foreign affairs policeman in use. However, limited by the language specialty, it seems impossible to make up such a deficiency in a short time. This study aims to take an overview of the aftermath of this systematical manpower change, focusing on the specific influence which caused from the shortage of local foreign affairs policeman, and on whether the performance of local foreign affairs police in each city and country is negatively impacted as well. This study analyses the current performance status of local foreign affairs police in 22 cities and countries by means of ¡§Data Envelopment Analysis¡¨ (DEA), which mainly evaluate the efficiency of seizing related breach and crime by local foreign affairs police, and then probe into reasons of such kind of inefficiency if any. In so doing, this study might provide strategic improvement suggestions for those which have bad achievement. Based on the data of 22 cities and counties in 96 fiscal year, this study adopts diverse research methods of DEA, such as CCR, BCC, Efficiency of Scale¡BRTS¡BSBM¡BFDH¡BMALMQUIST INDEX, and then tries to offer positive suggestions according to the study outcomes, so as to promote the performance of those targeted districts.

Firms or organisations implement performance assessment to improve productivity but evaluating the performance of firms or organisations may be complex and complicated due to the existence of conflicting objectives. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a non-parametric approach utilized to evaluate the relative efficiencies of decision making units (DMUs) within firms or organizations that perform similar tasks. Although DEA measures the relative efficiency of a set of DMUs the efficiency scores generated do not consider the decision maker’s (DM’s) or expert preferences. DEA is used to measure efficiency and can be extended to include DM’s and expert preferences by incorporating value judgements. Value judgements can be implemented by two techniques: weight restrictions or constructing an equivalence Multiple Objective Linear Programming (MOLP) model. Weight restrictions require prior knowledge to be provided by the DM and moreover the DM cannot interfere during the assessment analysis. On the other hand, the second approach enables the DM to interfere during performance assessment without prior knowledge whilst providing alternative objectives that allow the DM to reach the most preferred decision subject to available resources. The main focus of this research was to establish interactive frameworks to allow the DM to set targets, according to his preferences, and to test alternatives that can realistically be measured through an interactive procedure. These frameworks are based on building an equivalence model between extended DEA and MOLP minimax formulation incorporating an interactive procedure. In this study two frameworks were established. The first is based on an equivalence model between DEA trade-off approach and MOLP minimax formulation which allows for incorporating DM’s and expert preferences. The second is based on an equivalence model between DEA bounded model and MOLP minimax formulation. This allows for integrating DM’s preferences through interactive steps to measure the whole efficiency score (i.e. best and worst efficiency) of individual DMU. In both approaches a gradient projection interactive approach is implemented to estimate, regionally, the most preferred solution along the efficient frontier. The second framework was further extended by including ranking based on the geometric average. All the frameworks developed and presented were tested through implementation on two real case studies.

An airport is an important piece of infrastructure in air transportation system. This project focuses on measuring and ranking the efficiency of airports in the United States using the basic DEA, Ranking DEA, Goal programming and DEA and TOPSIS. In general, airport authorities of relatively inefficient airports are trying to benchmark the operational strategies of efficient airports. This project focuses on evaluating hub airports in the United States. ATL, LAX, and MEM airports are relatively efficient among forty four hub airports in the United States based on the performances and airport facilities of the 2000 year when the results of all applied methods in this project, the basic DEA ranking, the Cross Efficiency ranking, the Andersen-Petersen ranking and TOPSIS ranking method, are compared. The implication of this project is that airport authorities in the United States would benchmark these three airports to maximize operation and management efficiency for their airports. In general, most of the airports are handling passengers and freight. Therefore, ATL and LAX would be the most efficient hub airports in the United States. The capacities of airport facilities and more appropriate input data like financial data should be considered in the follow up research. / Master of Science

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a relative technical efficiency measurement tool, which uses operations research techniques to automatically calculate the weights assigned to the inputs and outputs of the production units being assessed. The actual input/output data values are then multiplied with the calculated weights to determine the efficiency scores. Recent variants of the DEA model impose upper and lower bounds on the weights to eliminate certain drawbacks associated with unrestricted weights. These variants are called weight restriction DEA models. Most weight restriction DEA models suffer from a drawback that the weight bound values are uncertain because they are determined based on either incomplete information or the subjective opinion of the decision-makers. Since the efficiency scores calculated by the DEA model are sensitive to the values of the bounds, the uncertainty of the bounds gets passed onto the efficiency scores. The uncertainty in the efficiency scores becomes unacceptable when we consider the fact that the DEA results are used for making important decisions like allocating funds and taking action against inefficient units. In order to minimize the effect of the uncertainty in bound values on the decision-making process, we propose to explicitly incorporate the uncertainty in the modeling process using the concepts of fuzzy set theory. Modeling the imprecision involves replacing the bound values by fuzzy numbers because fuzzy numbers can capture the intuitive conception of approximate numbers very well. Amongst the numerous types of weight restriction DEA models developed in the research, two are more commonly used in real-life applications compared to the others. Therefore, in this research, we focus on these two types of models for modeling the uncertainty in bound values. These are the absolute weight restriction DEA models and the Assurance Region (AR) DEA models. After developing the fuzzy models, we provide implementation roadmaps for illustrating the development and solution methodology of those models. We apply the fuzzy weight restriction models to the same data sets as those used by the corresponding crisp weight restriction models in the literature and compare the results using the two-sample paired t-test for means. We also use the fuzzy AR model developed in the research to measure the performance of a newspaper preprint insertion line. / Master of Science

Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar as alterações que ocorrem nos perfis das escolas públicas municipais do ensino fundamental classificadas como eficientes por meio da aplicação da técnica de Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA), conforme se modificam as proporções dos valores percentuais da nota média na Prova Brasil e do indicador de rendimento no cálculo do Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB). Para isso, foram coletados dados sobre as notas na Prova Brasil e sobre os indicadores de rendimento de 2011 a partir da base de dados do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais (INEP), o número de alunos por escola pública municipal por meio da base de dados do Censo Escolar de 2011, que também é disponibilizado pelo INEP e finalmente, os dados sobre os recursos públicos destinados para a educação nos municípios em 2011 obtidos no Finanças do Brasil (FINBRA). Desta maneira, identificou-se as escolas mais eficientes por meio da técnica DEA que tem a finalidade de mensurar a eficiência relativa de unidades consideradas homogêneas e comparáveis, em um universo de pesquisa composto por 17.124 escolas públicas municipais do ensino fundamental. Em seguida, foram estabelecidos cinco padrões de ponderação em relação à nota média da Prova Brasil e à média do indicador de rendimento, por meio dos quais evidenciou-se que as escolas públicas municipais classificadas como eficientes se localizam principalmente em municípios pequenos e que conforme se aumenta o valor percentual da nota média da Prova Brasil ocorre uma mudança de eixo de eficiência saindo da região nordeste em direção as regiões sudeste e sul. Portanto, o presente estudo fornece subsídios e suporte para a discussão, alteração, criação e desenvolvimento de sistemas avaliativos padronizados que melhor transpareçam a realidade educacional brasileira, de tal modo, que os seus resultados possibilitem a proposição de soluções mais efetivas para combater os baixos indicadores educacionais do país. / This study aims to present the changes that occur in the profiles of local public elementary schools classified as efficient by applying the technique of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), as modify the proportions of the percentages of the average grade in the Prova Brasil and the performance indicator in calculating the Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB). For this, data on the grades in Prova Brasil on performance indicators from 2011 from the database of the Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais (INEP) were collected, the number of students per public school through the base data from the Censo Escolar 2011, which is also available by INEP and finally, data on public resources for education in the municipalities in 2011 obtained the Finanças do Brasil (FINBRA). Thus, we identified the most effective schools through the DEA technique that aims to measure the relative efficiency of units considered homogeneous and comparable, in a research universe consists of 17.124 municipal public elementary schools. Then, five patterns were established weighting relative to the average grade of Prova Brasil and the average performance indicator, by means of which became evident that public schools classified as efficient lie mostly in small towns and as if increases the percentage of the average grade of Prova Brasil a change of axis of efficiency out of the northeast toward the southeast and south occurs. Therefore, the present study provides grants and support for discussion, modification, creation and development of standardized assessment systems that better showing through and the Brazilian, so educational reality, their results allow to propose more effective solutions to combat the low indicators education in the country.

none

<p>This paper offers to measure efficiency of banks in Sub Saharan Africa and its determining input andout put factors on two fonts. At this purpose, we applied the first font; Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) for assessing efficiency level. The actual and target level of inputs/outputs to foster efficiencyare shown in the results. Secondly, the banks ratio analysis measuring banks performance throughreturns volatility for each bank, asset utilization and provision for bad and doubtful debts over thestudy period are all used as tools for this analysis. Our results suggest that Sub Saharan AfricanBanks are about 98.35% efficient. We are aware that the level of efficiency could be subject to up anddown swing if environmental factors influencing banks efficiency where taken into consideration.Finally, our result (DEA) is more sensitive to loans, other liabilities, other non interest expense,securities and deposit.</p>

Σημαντικό ρόλο, σε οποιαδήποτε δράση ή διαδικασία, παίζει η αξιολόγηση των αποτελεσμάτων. Η αξιολόγηση, εκτός από την επίτευξη κάποιου στόχου, μπορεί να έχει την έννοια της σύγκρισης με άλλες μονάδες ή την προσπάθεια εκτίμησης της διαχρονικής προόδου. Έχουν αναπτυχθεί διάφορες μέθοδοι αξιολόγησης, ενώ το πεδίο εφαρμογής είναι ιδιαίτερα ευρύ. Στην παρούσα εργασία έγινε εστίαση στον τομέα της εκπαίδευσης, με τη βοήθεια της Περιβάλλουσας Ανάλυσης Δεδομένων (Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA) που αποτελεί μια μέθοδο αποτίμησης της αποδοτικότητας ενός συνόλου συγκρίσιμων και ομοιογενών ομάδων. Χαρακτηριστικό της συγκεκριμένης μεθοδολογίας αποτελεί ο διαχωρισμός των Μονάδων Λήψης Αποφάσεων σε αποδοτικές και μη αποδοτικές. Με βάση αυτή τη παράμετρο, έγινε προσπάθεια διερεύνησης της αποτελεσματικότητας 37 Ελληνικών Εκπαιδευτικών Ιδρυμάτων που συμμετείχαν στο πρόγραμμα κοινοτικής δράσης ERASMUS κατά τα ακαδημαϊκά έτη 2007-08 έως 2010-11 Σύμφωνα με τα αποτελέσματα της εργασίας όλες τις ακαδημαϊκές χρονιές υπήρξαν αποδοτικά Εκπαιδευτικά Ιδρύματα με τα περισσότερα να συγκεντρώνονται το ακαδημαϊκό έτος 2008-09. Είναι άξιο παρατήρησης ότι ο αριθμός των αποδοτικών Εκπαιδευτικών Ιδρυμάτων σε σχέση με το σύνολο των εξεταζόμενων είναι μικρός. Παράλληλα, διαπιστώνεται ότι η παρουσία των αποδοτικών Τεχνολογικών Ιδρυμάτων είναι ιδιαίτερα ασθενής έως και μηδαμινή. Τέλος, υπάρχει μια συνολική πτωτική τάση των αποδοτικών Εκπαιδευτικών Ιδρυμάτων κατά τη διάρκεια των υπό εξέταση ακαδημαϊκών ετών. / The evaluation of the results plays a significant role in every action or procedure. Apart from achieving a goal, the evaluation of the results can have some other comprehensions such as the comparison with other decision making units or the attempt to estimate the longitudinal progress. Several methods of evaluation of results have developed throughout the years with the implementation of them being really vast. This master thesis focuses on the field of Education, using the Data Envelopment Analysis, which is a method of evaluating the efficiency in a set of comparable and homogeneous groups. Basic feature of this specific method is to distinguish the efficient decision making units and the inefficient ones. Based on this parameter, it is attempted to investigate the efficiency of 37 Greek Educational Institutes that took part in the ERASMUS Program, from the academic year 2007-08 to 2010-11. According to the results of this thesis, efficient Educational Institutes are found throughout the questioned academic years that above mentioned, with the majority of them being met in the academic year 2008-09. It is worth mentioning that the number of the efficient Educational Institutes in comparison with the total amount that was investigated is small, while the presence of the efficient Technological ones compared to the Universities is limited if not absent. Finally, there is an overall downward trend in the number of the efficient Educational Institutes during the questioned academic years.

This paper offers to measure efficiency of banks in Sub Saharan Africa and its determining input andout put factors on two fonts. At this purpose, we applied the first font; Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) for assessing efficiency level. The actual and target level of inputs/outputs to foster efficiencyare shown in the results. Secondly, the banks ratio analysis measuring banks performance throughreturns volatility for each bank, asset utilization and provision for bad and doubtful debts over thestudy period are all used as tools for this analysis. Our results suggest that Sub Saharan AfricanBanks are about 98.35% efficient. We are aware that the level of efficiency could be subject to up anddown swing if environmental factors influencing banks efficiency where taken into consideration.Finally, our result (DEA) is more sensitive to loans, other liabilities, other non interest expense,securities and deposit.