M.A. (Afrikaans) / It has already become a generally accepted platitude to assert that the political novel under the influence of French philosophers Jean Paul Sartre and Albert Camus has as its aim to explicitly manipulate the concrete reader towards a "desired" attitude. "Desired" then in the sense that the reader will be persuaded by means of literary strategies to accept that particular ideological viewpoint which is communicated by the text. Research done into the aspects of historicity of Houd-den-Bek by Andre P. Brink and as it is utilized by him in the manuscript and other investigations have revealed drastic deviations from the historical facts concerning the slave rebellion during 1825 in the Koue Bokkeveld. The novel employs this chain of events as the narrative. Deviations from the factual can be related to the abstract author's will to evoke from the reader a sympathetic or antipathetic response towards figures or groups. The investigation undertaken by H.P. van Coller (1988) also mainly covered the story aspects of the text. The discursive structure of the whole work (which has not yet been fully researched), especially in relation to the manipulating role of the abstract author as the supreme text internal force, is investigated as a segment of this research project. The nature of the literary communication, namely manipulation as text strategy, which is typical of the engaged text, has been criptically traced. In this investigation the emphasis has fallen on certain manipulation strategies which is typical of the engaged text and then particularly on the compositional level, the word level and the conceptual level. Both intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics have been noted in order to establish in what way the organizing force has manifested itself in this text. It has been established that a pragmatic maneuvering is present in the manipulative proceeds of this particular novel which is directed in a clearly persuasive way. i, Finally it has been established from the reaction of literary scholars, critics and readers that a communication process did take place, that the reader was confronted with a "new" ideology. The reception investigations of critics have been employed in order to establish if the persuasive proceeds, which have been built into the structure of the text, do fulfil their referential function with the intended reader/critic as reproductive reader. Was this then so effective that the reality in Houd-den-Bek could become an emotional guilt ridden stimulus not only to the intended reader, but also to the critic. In other words: has the abstract author managed to manipulate the critic and in so doing, has he managed to influence his objective jUdgement as well. The conclusion that has been arrived at amongst other things, is that the too obvious manipulation present in the novel adversely affects it. Manipulative techniques that have been used excessively become "automatic" as a result of being over-emphasized and they therefore lose their effect. The reality model in the text has only been able to persuade the reader/critic in a limited way to become critically aware

This dissertation provides an explanation of how André Malraux, a man of great influence on twentieth century European culture, developed his political ideology, first as an anticolonial social reformer in the 1920s, then as an antifascist militant in the 1930s. Almost all of the previous studies of Malraux have focused on his literary life, and most of them are rife with errors. This dissertation focuses on the facts of his life, rather than on a fanciful recreation from his fiction. The major sources consulted are government documents, such as police reports and dispatches, the newspapers that Malraux founded with Paul Monin, other Indochinese and Parisian newspapers, and Malraux's speeches and interviews. Other sources include the memoirs of Clara Malraux, as well as other memoirs and reminiscences from people who knew Andre Malraux during the 1920s and the 1930s. The dissertation begins with a survey of Malraux's early years, followed by a detailed account of his experiences in Indochina. Then there is a survey of the period from 1926 to 1933, when Malraux won renown as a novelist and as a man with special insight into Asian affairs. The dissertation then focuses on Malraux's career as a militant antifascist during the 1930s, including an analysis of Malraux's organization of an air squadron for the Spanish Republic, and his trip to North America to raise funds. The dissertation concludes with an analysis of Malraux's evolution from an apolitical, virtually unknown writer into a committed anticolonial social reformer and an antifascist militant. The man and his political ideology were intricately interwoven. His brief career as a political journalist in Saigon was crucial in his transformation from an apolitical Parisian dandy into a political activist. Because he regarded fascism as a dire threat to European civilization, Malraux gave his full support to the Soviet Union and the Spanish Republic during the 1930s.

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Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:17:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1995-04-17T00:00:00Z / Aborda as possibilidades de utilização da empresa pública como instrumento de política de transportes, especificamente no caso do município de Santo André, no período de 1989-1992. Apresenta uma classificação de possibilidades de missão e atribuições das empresas públicas de transporte coletivo. Traz uma reconstituição da política de transporte adotada e da trajetória da Empresa Pública de Transporte de Santo André (EPT). Caracteriza a atuação e gestão da empresa com relação é sua missão na política de transporte coletivo e como unidade de produção remunerada de serviços

Submitted by Cristiane Oliveira (cristiane.oliveira@fgv.br) on 2013-08-21T18:32:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 1198200001.pdf: 12505181 bytes, checksum: 805b36754f4b2d01806fb756d7b8d761 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzinei Teles Garcia Garcia (suzinei.garcia@fgv.br) on 2013-08-22T18:13:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 1198200001.pdf: 12505181 bytes, checksum: 805b36754f4b2d01806fb756d7b8d761 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:20:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1198200001.pdf: 12505181 bytes, checksum: 805b36754f4b2d01806fb756d7b8d761 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1981 / Trata-se de verificar particularmente no caso de Santo André, a maneira pela qual grupos privados e o governo tentam solucionar o problema habitacional; notar especialmente expressões dos fatores sociais, políticos e econômicos que afetaram a adoção de uma politica determinada de habitação popular; e como as diferentes associações da comunidade Sociedades Amigos de Bairros - SABs e Comunidades Eclésias de Base - CEBs) se estruturam, qual a sua representatividade e de que maneira levaram adiante suas reivindicações com referências ao problema da moradia.