Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:16:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Clarissa Pimentel de Souza.pdf: 1413726 bytes, checksum: ad7e79be3b961bab7286264dea8d79c1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-29 / The mite Demodex canis is a resident of the hair follicles and when overgrowth cause an inflammatory parasitic disease called demodectic mange. The diagnosis is based on the visualization of the mite under microscope, especially by skin scrapings, hair plucks or histopathologic exam. A large number of drugs has been used on the treatment of demodectic mange, demonstrating varied efficacy numbers, side effects that can prohibit the conclusion of treatment and difficulties to owners. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of the fluazuron 2.5% pour on and ivermectin on different therapeutic protocols on the treatment of canine demodectic mange. For this, 31 dogs were divided into five groups, the first four with six animals and the last one with seven. All with positive skin scrapings. The dogs were treated on each 14 days, during 84 days. The first group used fluazuron 2.5% pour on at 20mg/kg, the second used this same drug associated to ivermectin 0.5% pour on at 0.6mg/kg and, the third one, only the ivermectin 0,5% pour on. The fourth and fifth groups were treated with long-acting ivermectin 3.15% on subcutaneous administration at 0.6 and 1.5mg/kg, respectively. The evaluation and follow up of treatments were realized through skin scrapings on each 14 days, clinical evaluation with photos of dogs on every visit for a compare of the lesions. And the histopathologic exam at the end of the therapeutic protocol. The success rate was defined as the percentage of dogs on each group with negative skin scrapings. The reduction in mite numbers reached the efficacy levels of 67.66; 88.99; 84.29; 84.90 and 87.86%, for groups 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5, respectively. And the success rates at the end of treatment were 16.67% for the first group and 50% for the other four. By Wilcoxon test the reduction of the infestation on the histopathologic exam, before and after treatment, had no significance for all groups. Remission of lesions did not occur with the dogs of the first group. On groups 2 and 3, on each one was observed two dogs clinically cured and one with an improvement of the lesions. And on groups 4 and 5, 4 and 5 dogs were cured, respectively and also, there was one with an improvement on the lesions. The fluazuron 2.5% pour on did not show efficacy on the treatment of canine demodectic mange. But the ivermectin 0.5% pour on associated or not to fluazuron 2.5% pour on and the ivermectin 3.15% on both dosages, showed good efficacy on the reduction in mite numbers at the end of the protocols. / O ?caro Demodex canis ? um habitante dos fol?culos pilosos, que quando se prolifera causa uma dermatopatia de cunho inflamat?rio denominada sarna demod?cica. O diagn?stico ? feito atrav?s da visualiza??o do parasito sob microscopia ?ptica, especialmente atrav?s do exame parasitol?gico de raspado cut?neo, dos p?los, ou exame histopatol?gico. Muitas drogas t?m sido utilizadas no tratamento da sarna demod?cica, mas demonstrando n?veis de efic?cia variados, ocorr?ncia de efeitos colaterais que impossibilitam a conclus?o da terapia ou empecilhos ? ades?o dos propriet?rios. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a efic?cia do fluazuron e da ivermectina em diferentes protocolos terap?uticos no controle da sarna demod?cica canina. Foram avaliados 31 c?es divididos em cinco grupos, os quatro primeiros com seis animais e o ?ltimo com sete, positivos para o ?caro D. canis atrav?s do raspado cut?neo. Todos os c?es foram tratados a cada 14 dias, durante 84 dias. No primeiro grupo foi utilizado fluazuron 2,5% pour on na dosagem de 20mg/kg, no segundo este f?rmaco tamb?m foi empregado, mas associado a ivermectina 0,5% pour on na dosagem de 0,6mg/kg e no terceiro, somente a ivermectina 0,5% pour on . Os c?es do quarto e quinto grupos foram tratados com ivermectina 3,15% longa a??o por via subcut?nea nas dosagens de 0,6 e 1,5mg/kg, respectivamente. A avalia??o e acompanhamento do tratamento foram feitos atrav?s dos exames parasitol?gicos de raspado cut?neo a cada 14 dias, da avalia??o cl?nica, inclusive fotografando os c?es para uma melhor compara??o dos quadros lesionais e, do exame histopatol?gico ao final de cada protocolo terap?utico. A taxa de sucesso foi definida pela porcentagem de c?es em cada grupo que apresentaram raspados negativos. A redu??o na contagem no n?mero de ?caros alcan?ou n?veis de efic?cia de at? 67,66; 88,99; 84, 29; 84,90 e 87,86%, nos grupos 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5, respectivamente. E as taxas de sucesso ao final do tratamento foram de 16,67% para o grupo 1 e 50% para os outros quatro. Pelo do teste de Wilcoxon a redu??o da infesta??o atrav?s do exame histopatol?gico antes e depois do tratamento n?o foi significativa para nenhum grupo. Clinicamente, n?o ocorreu remiss?o das les?es nos c?es do primeiro grupo. Nos grupos 2 e 3, em cada um se observou 2 c?es considerados curados clinicamente e 1 com melhora. J? nos grupos 4 e 5, evidenciou-se 4 e 5 animais curados, respectivamente e, tamb?m um com n?tida melhora do quadro cl?nico. O fluazuron 2,5% pour on n?o demonstrou efic?cia no tratamento da sarna demod?cica canina. J? a ivermectina 0,5% pour on associada ao fluazuron ou como terapia ?nica e, a ivermectina 3,15% por via subcut?nea nas duas dosagens diferentes, foram eficazes na redu??o do n?mero de ?caros ao final dos protocolos terap?uticos.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:38:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_anelize_felix.pdf: 541679 bytes, checksum: e35d84480d181fc2e13d21300abf6a98 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-24 / Demodicosis is considered one of the most severe canine skin disease. It is caused by the excessive proliferation of the Demodex canis mite, normal member of the canine skin. Skin lesions caused by the parasite predispose the skin to secondary infections that will further aggravate the patients clinical aspects. The objective of this work was to evaluate the clinical a histopathological evolution of the disease, as well as to study the seric levels of interleukin 10 (IL10) in demodicosis patients. The first study was conducted using 20 animals, 10 demodicosis patients (GD), and 10 control dogs (GC). All these animals were clinically evaluated, and submitted to deep skin scraping in search of Demodex mites. The dogs in the GD group were treated with moxidectin and evaluated in days 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80. Five of these animals were healed and submitted to skin biopsies on days 0 and 80, for the observation of histopathological alterations. A second study used 26 animals, 17 on G1 (demodicosis patients) and 9 on G2 (healthy dogs). All G1 animals were positive for demodicosis on the skin scrape test, and were submitted to clinical evaluation. Blood was harvested from all the animals, with the interleukin 10 dosage being carried out with the comrcial kit Quantikine Canine IL-10 Immunoassay® (R&D Systems) . Results obtained in the first experiment showed considerable clinical and scrape test improvement in GD, but no evolution in the histopathological patern. The GC presented higid skin and negative skin scrape test. In the second experiment, dogs in the G1 group presented hi clinical scores, indicating severe desiase. G1 had a mean IL10 level of 184,38 (+258,9) pg/mL, while the mean for G2 was11,94 (+ 2,27) pg/mL, indicating that hi levels of IL10 may be related to the development of the disease. The results described in this work show that, even when clinically healed, and with negative skin scrape test, demodicosis carriers present persistence of the lesions and the mite in the histological structure of the skin. This work also shows that demodicosis patients tend to have higher IL10 levels than healthy animals. / A demodicose é considerada uma das mais graves dermatopatias que acomete cães. É causada pela proliferação excessiva do ácaro Demodex canis, comensal da pele canina. Devido à lesão causada pelo parasita, a pele torna-se predisposta à instalação de infecções secundárias que agravam o quadro clínico do paciente. Objetivou - se avaliar a evolução clínica e histopatológica, assim como estudar os níveis de interleucina -10 sérica em cães portadores de demodicose. Para a primeira etapa, foram estudados 20 cães, 10 apresentando demodicose (GD) e 10 animais controle (GC). Todos foram avaliados clinicamente e submetidos a raspado cutâneo profundo para pesquisa de ácaros. Os animais do GD foram tratados com moxidectina e avaliados nos dias 0, 20, 40, 60 e 80. Cinco destes animais obtiveram cura e foram submetidos à biópsia cutânea no dia 0 e no dia 80, para análise das alterações histopatológicas. Na segunda etapa, foram utilizados 26 animais, 17 no G1 (portadores de demodicose) e 9 no G2 (cães hígidos). Todos os animais do GD tiveram raspado positivo para Demodex canis e foram avaliados clinicamente. Foi feita coleta de sangue para obtenção de soro em todos os animais sendo realizada dosagem dos níveis de interleucina 10 através do kit comercial Quantikine Canine IL-10 Immunoassay® (R&D Systems). Os resultados obtidos na primeira etapa, demonstraram uma melhora clinica considerável e negativação do raspado no GD, porém em relação ao padrão histopatológico não houve evolução. Quando comparados os dois aspectos, não houve diferença significativa. O GC apresentou pele hígida e raspado cutâneo negativo. Já na segunda etapa, os cães do G1 apresentaram escores clínicos altos, indicando severidade da doença. Os níveis de interleucina 10 no G1 tiveram média de 184,38 pg/ml (+258,9 pg/ml) enquanto o G2 apresentou média igual a 11,94 pg/ml (+ 2,27 pg/ml), indicando que níveis altos de IL10 podem estar relacionados com o desenvolvimento da doença. Os resultados demonstraram que mesmo clinicamente curados e com raspado cutâneo negativo, os cães portadores de demodicose apresentam persistência das lesões e do ácaro na estrutura histológica da pele, e também que cães com demodicose apresentaram níveis de interleucina 10 elevados quando comparados com animais sadios.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-26T18:12:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Fabr?cia Ferreira e Ferreira.pdf: 1846980 bytes, checksum: c127e17162c67e64b719801f92b0c6fc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-26T18:12:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Fabr?cia Ferreira e Ferreira.pdf: 1846980 bytes, checksum: c127e17162c67e64b719801f92b0c6fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-23 / Canine demodicosis is an inflammatory skin disease, frequently diagnosed in veterinary clinics, caused by the proliferation of mites of the species Demodex sp. In recent years, important findings about the disease have been reported, mainly aspects related to treatment, with the insertion of new molecules or new treatment regimens. Doramectin is a macrocyclic lactone that has been used empirically by veterinarians, who use different routes, doses and intervals in its administration, with no homogeneus results. This study aimed to evaluate the use of doramectin in the treatment of dogs affected by the generalized form of demodicosis. Of the forty-six dogs diagnosed with the disease during the study, 20 were selected for the study and divided into three groups: Group I ? treated with doramectin at a dose of 600 mcg/kg once a week orally, group II ? treated at a dose of 300 mcg/kg orally every 3 days and group III ? treated at a dose of 600 mcg/kg every 7 days subcutaneously. The animals were treated until three consecutive negative skin scrapings were obtained, with intervals of at least fifteen days between them (parasitological cure). The days required to obtain the parasitological cure were 105, 82 and 100 according to the indicated groups; and their treatment efficiencies were 75, 100 and 83%, respectively. Doramectin was effective in treating generalized demodectic mange in dogs, regardless of the dose, route and interval of administration. However, the best results were obtained in the group treated at a dose of 300 mcg/kg orally every 3 days. There were no reported adverse reactions with the use of macrocyclic lactone. / Demodiciose canina ? uma doen?a inflamat?ria da pele, frequentemente diagnosticada nos consult?rios veterin?rios, causada pela prolifera??o de ?caros da esp?cie Demodex sp. Nos ?ltimos anos, importantes descobertas sobre a doen?a foram reportadas, principalmente os aspectos relacionados ao tratamento, com a inser??o de novas mol?culas ou novos esquemas de tratamento. A doramectina ? uma lactona macroc?clica que vem sendo usada de forma emp?rica por m?dicos veterin?rios, que a utilizam por diferentes vias, doses e intervalos na sua administra??o, com resultados heterog?neos. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a utiliza??o da doramectina no tratamento da demodiciose generalizada em c?es. Dos 46 animais diagnosticados com a doen?a, 20 foram selecionados e divididos em tr?s grupos experimentais: grupo I ? tratado com doramectina dose de 600 mcg/kg semanalmente por via oral, grupo II ? tratado na dose de 300 mcg/ kg por via oral a cada 3 dias e o grupo III ? tratado na dose de 600 mcg/kg a cada 7 dias por via subcut?nea. Os animais foram tratados at? a obten??o de tr?s raspados negativos consecutivos com pelo menos 15 dias de intervalo entre eles (cura parasitol?gica). Os dias necess?rios para obten??o da cura parasitol?gica foram 105, 82 e 100 de acordo com os grupos assinalados e as respectivas efic?cias ao tratamento foram 75, 100 e 83%. A doramectina demonstrou ser eficaz no tratamento da demodiciose generalizada em c?es independente da dose, via e intervalo de sua administra??o. Entretanto, os melhores resultados obtidos foram observados no grupo tratado com a dose de 300 mcg/ kg por via oral a cada 3 dias. N?o foram reportadas quaisquer rea??es adversas com a utiliza??o da lactona macroc?clica.