This work explores the expressive potential of plant dyeing techniques in relation to weaving by proposing a method in regard to non-toxic containment, biodegradable materials and ethical values. Textile design and ethical values have been combined to create an “Textethical Design Method”. The personal ethical values that have been used in this project are based on a “diversity perspective”. These consist of openness in material choices that wish to expand the view of quality in relation to textile material, but also by connecting and evolving the expression through knowledge between the material selections, production and aesthetics. This project focus on finding plant dyes that are uncharacteristic for the earth tones that plant dyeing techniques often are associated with, where red cabbage was the most successful pigment. The textile techniques that will be used are plant dyeing on a multiplied layered weaved surface to investigate depth through color and three-dimensional shape. The project strives to contribute with development in design methods, sustainability and broader the field of plant dyeing techniques.

Thermal analysis of buildings was carried out using simplified design tools, prior to the widespread use of computers. Since the early 1980's, the rapid growth of computational power has lead to the introduction of many building dynamic thermal simulation software programs. The accurate performance of many of these programs has lead to the view that manual calculation methods should only be used as indicative design tools. The CIBSE admittance method is based on the fundamentals of building heat transfer, its calculations procedures being simplified for use on hand held calculators. Manual calculation methods must be developed for use on more powerful calculators, if greater accuracy is required. Such calculators are available in the form of computer spreadsheet programs. The computational power of the computer spreadsheet program, combined with suitable mathematical thermal modelling techniques, has thus far, remained unexploited. This thesis describes the development of a powerful manual thermal design method, for application on a computer spreadsheet program. All the modes of building heat transfer are accurately modelled. Free-running or plant-controlled spaces can be simulated. In the case of a single zone, the accuracy of the new manual dynamic thermal model is comparable with commercially available software programs. The level of mathematical modelling complexity is limited only by computer power and user ability. The Iterative Frequency Domain Method (IFDM) and the Adiabatic Iterative Frequency Domain Method (AIFDM) are alternative mathematical simulation techniques developed to form the core of the Thermal Analysis Design Method. In the IFDM and AIFDM, the frequency domain and numerical iteration techniques have been integrated to produce a thermal simulation method that can model all non-linear heat transfer processes. A more accurate formulation of sol-air temperature, a window sol-air temperature and an accurate reduced internal long-wave radiant exchange model is a sample of further innovations in the thesis. Many of the developments described in the thesis, although designed for the computer spreadsheet environment, may also be employed to enhance the performance of some of the current dynamic thermal models of buildings.

Projetar produtos efetivamente sustentáveis é uma atividade complexa que considera a gestão das necessidades e interfaces de distintas partes envolvidas com o ciclo de vida do produto. Esta tarefa é especialmente difícil nas fase de definição do produto, quando a equipe de projeto deve trabalhar com um conjunto abrangende de informações e requisitos que deverão ser convertidas em um conceito de produto ou de seu sistema. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é propor um procedimento de identificação de interfaces críticas entre partes envolvidas com o ciclo de vida de um sistema-produto para que os objetivos da sustentabilidade sejam atingidos. Três objetivos específicos foram definidos: (I) analisar práticas e/ou procedimentos de projeto que permitam identificar as partes envolvidas com o ciclo de vida de um sistema-produto, levantar e tratar as informações provenientes dessas partes, de tal forma a reduzir a complexidade da informação e identificar o que é crítico para atingir os objetivos da sustentabilidade; (II) planejar e propor um procedimento alinhado aos interesses apresentados no item anterior; e (III) aplicá-lo e analisar resultados. O método de pesquisa teve abordagem quali-quantitativa, em um estudo de caso com propósito exploratório em um sistema de produção e consumo de produtos de higiene e limpeza do Rio Grande do Sul. Os principais resultados foram: identificação de práticas de projeto que combinadas contribuem para o projeto de sistema-produto sustentável; proposição de um procedimento, composto por oito etapas, a partir da combinação de práticas de projeto; identificação de fatores determinantes para atingir a sustentabilidade e interfaces críticas entre as partes envolvidas no sistema pesquisado sob a perspectiva de diversos entrevistados. Este é um trabalho exploratório e o pesquisador indica desdobramentos futuros para o mesmo. / The design of effectively sustainable products is a complex activity that involves the management of needs and interfaces among distinct stakeholders from all product lifecycle. This task is specially difficult in the product definition phase, in which the team has to deal with a broad spectrum of information that will be converted in a product or system concept. The general objective of this dissertation is the proposition of a procedure to identify critical interfaces among stakeholders from all life cycle of product-system allowing sustainability objectives are achieved. Three specific objectives were defined: (I) to review a set of practices and / or project procedures adequate to the identification of stakeholders and their needs, to reveal what is critical for achieving the goals of sustainability, from their points of view; (II) to plan and propose a sistematic procedure in line with the interests presented in the previous item; and (III) to experience the procedure in a real case to analyze results. The research method was a case study with exploratory purposes using a qualitative and quantitative approach. Interviews were performed with stakeholders from a hygiene and cleanliness production and consumption system, from Rio Grande do Sul State in Brazil. The main results were: the identification of project development practices usefull for stakeholders‟ interfaces and needs analysis; the propositon of a procedure, consisting of eight stages; and from the use of such procedure it was possible to identify factors for achieving sustainability and critical interfaces among the stakeholders in the system studied. The study is exploratory and future directions were indicated by the researchers.

Projetar produtos efetivamente sustentáveis é uma atividade complexa que considera a gestão das necessidades e interfaces de distintas partes envolvidas com o ciclo de vida do produto. Esta tarefa é especialmente difícil nas fase de definição do produto, quando a equipe de projeto deve trabalhar com um conjunto abrangende de informações e requisitos que deverão ser convertidas em um conceito de produto ou de seu sistema. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é propor um procedimento de identificação de interfaces críticas entre partes envolvidas com o ciclo de vida de um sistema-produto para que os objetivos da sustentabilidade sejam atingidos. Três objetivos específicos foram definidos: (I) analisar práticas e/ou procedimentos de projeto que permitam identificar as partes envolvidas com o ciclo de vida de um sistema-produto, levantar e tratar as informações provenientes dessas partes, de tal forma a reduzir a complexidade da informação e identificar o que é crítico para atingir os objetivos da sustentabilidade; (II) planejar e propor um procedimento alinhado aos interesses apresentados no item anterior; e (III) aplicá-lo e analisar resultados. O método de pesquisa teve abordagem quali-quantitativa, em um estudo de caso com propósito exploratório em um sistema de produção e consumo de produtos de higiene e limpeza do Rio Grande do Sul. Os principais resultados foram: identificação de práticas de projeto que combinadas contribuem para o projeto de sistema-produto sustentável; proposição de um procedimento, composto por oito etapas, a partir da combinação de práticas de projeto; identificação de fatores determinantes para atingir a sustentabilidade e interfaces críticas entre as partes envolvidas no sistema pesquisado sob a perspectiva de diversos entrevistados. Este é um trabalho exploratório e o pesquisador indica desdobramentos futuros para o mesmo. / The design of effectively sustainable products is a complex activity that involves the management of needs and interfaces among distinct stakeholders from all product lifecycle. This task is specially difficult in the product definition phase, in which the team has to deal with a broad spectrum of information that will be converted in a product or system concept. The general objective of this dissertation is the proposition of a procedure to identify critical interfaces among stakeholders from all life cycle of product-system allowing sustainability objectives are achieved. Three specific objectives were defined: (I) to review a set of practices and / or project procedures adequate to the identification of stakeholders and their needs, to reveal what is critical for achieving the goals of sustainability, from their points of view; (II) to plan and propose a sistematic procedure in line with the interests presented in the previous item; and (III) to experience the procedure in a real case to analyze results. The research method was a case study with exploratory purposes using a qualitative and quantitative approach. Interviews were performed with stakeholders from a hygiene and cleanliness production and consumption system, from Rio Grande do Sul State in Brazil. The main results were: the identification of project development practices usefull for stakeholders‟ interfaces and needs analysis; the propositon of a procedure, consisting of eight stages; and from the use of such procedure it was possible to identify factors for achieving sustainability and critical interfaces among the stakeholders in the system studied. The study is exploratory and future directions were indicated by the researchers.

Projetar produtos efetivamente sustentáveis é uma atividade complexa que considera a gestão das necessidades e interfaces de distintas partes envolvidas com o ciclo de vida do produto. Esta tarefa é especialmente difícil nas fase de definição do produto, quando a equipe de projeto deve trabalhar com um conjunto abrangende de informações e requisitos que deverão ser convertidas em um conceito de produto ou de seu sistema. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é propor um procedimento de identificação de interfaces críticas entre partes envolvidas com o ciclo de vida de um sistema-produto para que os objetivos da sustentabilidade sejam atingidos. Três objetivos específicos foram definidos: (I) analisar práticas e/ou procedimentos de projeto que permitam identificar as partes envolvidas com o ciclo de vida de um sistema-produto, levantar e tratar as informações provenientes dessas partes, de tal forma a reduzir a complexidade da informação e identificar o que é crítico para atingir os objetivos da sustentabilidade; (II) planejar e propor um procedimento alinhado aos interesses apresentados no item anterior; e (III) aplicá-lo e analisar resultados. O método de pesquisa teve abordagem quali-quantitativa, em um estudo de caso com propósito exploratório em um sistema de produção e consumo de produtos de higiene e limpeza do Rio Grande do Sul. Os principais resultados foram: identificação de práticas de projeto que combinadas contribuem para o projeto de sistema-produto sustentável; proposição de um procedimento, composto por oito etapas, a partir da combinação de práticas de projeto; identificação de fatores determinantes para atingir a sustentabilidade e interfaces críticas entre as partes envolvidas no sistema pesquisado sob a perspectiva de diversos entrevistados. Este é um trabalho exploratório e o pesquisador indica desdobramentos futuros para o mesmo. / The design of effectively sustainable products is a complex activity that involves the management of needs and interfaces among distinct stakeholders from all product lifecycle. This task is specially difficult in the product definition phase, in which the team has to deal with a broad spectrum of information that will be converted in a product or system concept. The general objective of this dissertation is the proposition of a procedure to identify critical interfaces among stakeholders from all life cycle of product-system allowing sustainability objectives are achieved. Three specific objectives were defined: (I) to review a set of practices and / or project procedures adequate to the identification of stakeholders and their needs, to reveal what is critical for achieving the goals of sustainability, from their points of view; (II) to plan and propose a sistematic procedure in line with the interests presented in the previous item; and (III) to experience the procedure in a real case to analyze results. The research method was a case study with exploratory purposes using a qualitative and quantitative approach. Interviews were performed with stakeholders from a hygiene and cleanliness production and consumption system, from Rio Grande do Sul State in Brazil. The main results were: the identification of project development practices usefull for stakeholders‟ interfaces and needs analysis; the propositon of a procedure, consisting of eight stages; and from the use of such procedure it was possible to identify factors for achieving sustainability and critical interfaces among the stakeholders in the system studied. The study is exploratory and future directions were indicated by the researchers.

Examensarbete är den avslutande delen i utbildningen till Civilingenjör, arbetets omfattning är 20 poäng av de totalt 180 poäng som utgör utbildningen. Examensarbetet har utförts på Sapa Automotive i Vetlanda.Syftet med examensarbetet har varit att ta fram en utvecklingsmetod som Sapa Automotive kan använda sig av vid sina utvecklingsprojekt, gällande själva konstruktionsarbetet, av takräcken till bilindustrin. Sapa Automotive är specialiserade inom produktutveckling och tillverkning av komponenter och system baserade på strängpressade aluminiumprofiler för fordonsindustrin. En av Sapa Automotives affärsidéer är erbjuda kunderna utveckling av takräck till personbilar. I dessa projekt tar Sapa Automotive på sig att utifrån givna designförutsättning utveckla de ingående komponenterna och sedan industrialisera den färdiga konstruktionen. Resultatet av examensarbetet var en manual som Sapa Automotive kan använda sig av vid kommande utvecklingsprojekt. Manualen innehåller CAD-metodik, dokumentationsmallar, konstruktionsriktlinjer och toleranskedjeblankett. Och även en beskrivning på hur konstruktören själv kan utföra sina egna FEM-beräkningar direkt i CAD-verktyget. / The master thesis is the final part of the Master of Science education, the thesis extent 20 points of the total 180 that the educations contains of. This master thesis has been done at Sapa Automotive in Vetlanda. The aim with the thesis was to develop a method that describes how Sapa Automotive should work in their development project, concerning the design work, of roof rails to the automotive industry. Sapa Autototive is specialized within product development and manufacturing of components containing extruded aluminum profiles to the automotive industry. One of the business areas is design and manufacturing of roof rails for passenger cars. In this projects Sapa Automotive handles the design of the parts that the roof rail is build and they also handles the industrialization of the finished design. The result of the master thesis was a guidebook that Sapa Automotive could use in their upcoming development project. The guidebook contains CAD-methods, documentation forms, design guidelines and tolerance chain form. And also descriptions on how the designer can do his/her own FEA-calculations in the CAD-program.

This degree work places itself in the field of textile design, surface patterns and conceptual design. The aim of the work is to use the human body as a tool for designing conceptual surface patterns onto textiles. The methods of designing were done through practical workshops. Examples of workshops is shadow workshop, motif workshop and pattern workshop. For each workshop appropriate rules was decided based on analizis of preveous workshops. The outcome could be presented as two types of results; firstly, a design method for generating surface patterns, and secondly, heat transfer printed textiles that prove the validity of the method. The work proposes an alternative approach for inspiration to designing surface patterns.

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Is data material? Is it feasible to recycle information and bring it into the physical world? How do a thousand dental surgeries look when they take shape and become part of an object? Big data is the oil of the twenty-first century; we have an abundance of it. There are several possible implications of data collecting, and we are currently waiting to discover the environmental cost of some. In spite of this, relatively little of the data is really used. Unintentional Artefacts, is a degree project which attempts to look at data from a different perspective and invite everyone to look beyond the facts. There is a world of potential forms hidden in information. The methodology is illustrated through the conceptual design of three sneakers. Each shoe is transformed into a new shape by recycled information, originating from root canals, library trips, and recreational fishing.

<p dir="ltr">The United States government and Environmental Protection Agency have mandated that vehicles must meet 54.5 miles per gallon(<i>07/29/2011: President Obama Announces Historic 54.5 Mpg Fuel Efficiency Standard/Consumers Will Save $1.7 Trillion at the Pump, $8K per Vehicle by 2025</i>, n.d.). Faced with increased governmental regulations, manufacturers must find new ways to improve their internal combustion engines. Examining the various components of internal combustion engines, there is potential to optimize individual components for mass reduction and thus improving vehicle performance. Engine Components, specifically connecting rods, are essential to the operation of an engine. While connecting rod designs are highly refined, breakthroughs in additive manufacturing technology have given way to novel approaches in the optimization process. Autodesk Inc. has provided an innovative, generative design space to reduce design time and explore complex optimization. The generative design process provides engineers with unique designs while considering many parameters including material, load cases, and manufacturing processes. The study applied generative design structural load casing to a connecting rod of a single cylinder Ryobi engine to optimize for metal additive manufacturing. The generated outcomes were subjected to finite element analysis to determine their feasibility against a traditional drop forged or die cast design. The results compared three generated geometries against three common additive manufacturing materials in ANSYS Mechanical. The generated geometries were tested for equivalent (Von Mises) stress, equivalent strain, and total deformation. The study, using preliminary forces in a static situation, found that mass reductions of up to 19% were achievable while maintaining performance capabilities of the original design.</p>