This master’s thesis aims to identify triggers for innovation and creativity both from theory and from practise in the context of an automotive manufacturing company. The identified triggers are then re-interpreted and used to design prototypes which aim to visualise, support, and stimulate incremental innovation. Through a design process, the prototypes are co-designed together with a group of participants from the automotive manufacturing company to explore and understand how to create prototypes that are relevant to the context. The result indicates that the prototypes do not only visualise, support, and stimulate incremental innovation but that they can also function as a foundation for radically design and develop new approaches to work; such as incorporating design thinking and a more diverse, inclusive, and creative approach to idea generation. Ultimately, the prototypes can be incentives for changing the organisation in the way the employees work and approach tasks, but the employees must learn how to use the prototypes to utilize them in the most efficient way. / Den här mastersuppsatsen har som mål att identifiera triggers av innovation och kreativitet, både hämtade ur teorin men också praktiken inom fordonstillverkningskontexten. Dessa triggers används sedan i designprocessen för att designa prototyper för ändamålet att visualisera, stötta och stimulera inkrementell innovation. Designprocessen involverar co-design tillsammans med en grupp från företaget för att utforska och bättre förstå hur vi kunnat skapa prototyper som är relevanta för kontexten. Resultatet indikerar att prototyperna inte enbart visualiserar, stöttar och stimulerar inkrementell innovation utan också kan fungera som en grund att designa och utveckla nya, radikala tillvägagångssätt att arbeta på inom organisationen; exempelvis genom att införliva design thinking och i högre grad mångfaldiga, inkluderade och kreativa sätt att ta sig an ide generering. Prototyperna kan vara drivsporrar till att förändra organisationen i det sätt de anställda arbetar på och tar sig an uppgifter men de anställda måste lära sig att använda prototyperna för att kunna dra nytta av dem på bästa sätt.

Methodology suggested in the diploma thesis presents the education proposal of the three thematic spheres namely Design and designing, World of work, Activity and maintenance of housekeeping of the educational area Man and world of work. This process is starting by comparison of the Educational program of the Junior school with the education area Man and world of work in the General education program for elementary education. It continues by proposal of methods, by determination of education forms and by their projection into the educational plan. This process includes also the methodology suggestion of the education of the thematic sphere Design and designing and proposal, how to make education of the thematic spheres World of work and Activity and maintenance of housekeeping more attractive. It contains a practical verification of part of this educational program proposal for the educational area Man and world of work on junior school. Methodology provides instruction, how to acquaint pupils with technical materials also in case that the school is not fitted with apprenticeship workshop

O conhecimento dos mecanismos de interação entre o solo e os geossintéticos é fundamental para o dimensionamento de obras em solo reforçado. Entretanto, em função das diferentes formas geométricas das superfícies das inclusões, a interação pode ocorrer de maneiras distintas. Para as geogrelhas, o arrancamento representa o mecanismo de interação que, em alguns casos, melhor retrata as situações que ocorrem no campo. Esta tese apresenta uma análise dos principais fatores que influenciam na interação entre o solo e as geogrelhas quando solicitadas ao arrancamento, utilizando equipamentos de teste de portes grande e pequeno, bem como um equipamento que testa isoladamente os elementos longitudinais e transversais das geogrelhas. Apresenta-se ainda dois modelos numéricos que permitem avaliar o comportamento de geogrelhas de comprimento qualquer a partir de resultados de ensaios de arrancamento de pequeno porte ou dos ensaios nos elementos isolados da geogrelha. Os resultados dos ensaios realizados são comparados entre si, sugerindo a viabilidade de se utilizar equipamentos de pequenas dimensões para executar ensaios de arrancamento em geogrelhas em meio a solos finos, em detrimento dos testes de grande porte que demandam uma grande quantidade de solo e de mão-de-obra para serem executados. Por fim, apresenta-se um método que, utilizando os resultados obtidos dos testes de pequeno porte, pode ser usado para determinar os esforços de tração nas inclusões de estruturas em solo reforçado, considerando aspectos como a interação solo–reforço e a rigidez à tração das inclusões / The knowledge of interaction mechanisms between soil and geosynthetics is fundamental for designing reinforced-soil structures. However, due the variety of surface geometry found in commercially available geosynthetics, the interaction between soil and inclusions can occur on different ways. For the geodrids, the pullout interaction mechanisms is the one that, in some cases, best represents the field situations. This thesis presents an analysis of the main factors influencing the soil-geogrid interaction during pullout phenomena, using large and small-scale test boxes, as well as an device that tests longitudinal and transversal geodrid elements isolated. Two numerical models for evaluating the pullout behavior of large geogrid samples using small-scale and on element tests are also presented. The results of different tests are compared, showing the viability of using small-scale tests for testing geogrids embedded in fine soils instead of large-scale tests, that demand large quantities of soil and labor to be done. On the penultimate chapter, a method for evaluating the maximum tensile effort of reinforced slopes and walls is presented. This method uses the results obtained from small-scale pullout tests and considers some important aspects as soil-geogrid interaction and reinforcement rigidity

Le développement des orthèses est souvent basé sur l’expertise empirique des entreprises. Il en résulte parfois des dispositifs mal adaptés. Pour cette raison, une structuration du processus de conception des orthèses doit être conduite.Cette thèse a comme objectif de développer une méthode structurée de conception d’orthèses avec mécanisme.Une définition des typologies d’orthèses est établie en fonction de l’existence d’un mécanisme. Cette typologie est le point de départ d’une décomposition du cycle d’utilisation de l’orthèse en situations de vie et moments significatifs.La méthode proposée permet la recherche des mécanismes dans une base de données de mobilités ; l’adéquation entre concepts, contraintes de déplacement et contraintes dimensionnelles, l’adaptation de confort, la définition du blocage, la définition final de l’OAM et la qualification de la conception.La méthode est appliquée au développement d’un corset de traitement de la camptocormie, pathologie posturale caractérisée par l’antéro-flexion progressive du tronc.Une orthèse posturale, corset de distraction thoraco-pelvienne antérieur, développée par la société Lagarrigue S.A. est actuellement prescrite. Pour prouver l’utilité du port du corset, une caractérisation cinématique du mouvement et de l’activité musculaire du patient camptocormique sans et avec corset est déroulée pour recueillir des informations nécessaires au processus de conception d’une orthèse innovante.L’application de cette méthode permet le développement de deux prototypes fonctionnels de corset pour traiter la camptocormie en intégrant des informations biomécaniques du patient et les limitations techniques de l’entreprise. / Orthosis development is often based on the empirical expertise of the manufacturers. This can sometimes result in poorly adapted devices. For this reason, some structure needs to be created for the orthosis design process.The purpose of this thesis is to develop a structured design method for orthoses with a mechanism.A typology of orthoses is established according to whether or not a mechanism is present. This typology is the starting point for producing a breakdown of the cycle of orthosis use in life situations and at significant moments.The method described here includes searching a mobility database for mechanisms; ensuring compatibility between concepts, displacement and dimensional constraints, making suitable adaptations for a comfortable fit, defining the blocking, preparing the final definition of the orthosis with mechanism and approving the design.The method is applied to the development of a corset for treating camptocormia, a postural illness identified by the gradual forward flexion of the trunk.A postural orthosis, a thoraco-pelvic anterior distraction corset developed by Lagarrigue S.A., is currently prescribed. To prove the utility of wearing the corset, a kinematic characterisation of the movement and muscle activity of the camptocormic patient is carried out both with and without the corset to collect the information needed for the design process of an innovative orthosis.Using this method two functional corset prototypes were developed to treat camptocormia, incorporating the patient’s biomechanical information and the manufacturer’s technical limitations.

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This graduation thesis deals with a software design of burglar alarm. The software has been developed in compliance with the applicable standards and regulations governing burglar alarm designs and on the basis of practical experience with designing and implementing electronic security systems. The software is written in C# and uses .NET platform. On the ground of that, this software can be run on any computer with the Windows operation system. Any ground plan picture file can be used as the underlying project map on which all the object security system can be built. It makes it possible to produce both wire and wireless electronic security systems. The software includes an editable database of components and conductors used in the electronic security alarms. The database components can be created, edited and deleted through the software. The database has been saved in format XML. The software also includes a folder of picture files containing photographs of the components and schematic symbols used in the software. You use a mouse to drag and drop individual components into the ground plan picture, where they are well arranged in a tree structure. The components can be interconnected by a conductor, which enables creation of a precise design of the electronic security system of the object. The software output includes drawings, bills of material and pricing. As for the space components, you can graphically display their range and thus visually confirm the design. The software includes automatic design verification. There, you can verify whether the right components have been used and whether the designed conductor lengths are acceptable, whether they correspond with the system load, and whether the voltage drops on the conductors do not exceed the permitted limit. The software has been developed for all electronic security system designers and for engineers attending to these problems.

The project, which was done within the scope of engineering’s study shows the proposal of new technology and production organization of a part “PC cover” – a piece done by deep drawing technology from steel sheet of material 11 321. The study shows some of production operations such as cutting, bending, drawing and shearing, included production method solving. In the project were solved also necessary technological calculations and constructional drafts of forming tool. The whole work covers a complex solution of problems related to production of PC cover together with technological disposition of workplace which represents effective layout, distribution and designing of workplace and machines, used for production of the part in a workshop

This project aims to challenge preconceptions of mental health and attempts to conceptually dissect the popular phrase “mental health is a luxury”. The dissection is grounded on a theoretical background related to the inefficiencies of the health care system, advocacy movements of health care rights, material culture and luxury consumption, in order to conceptualize design strategies for sociocultural change.The concept challenges the perception of mental health care as luxury through the invitation of other mental health sufferers into a collaborative co-design space that generates information about their subjective lived experiences and needs, through participatory and empathic design methods. Jewelry has been selected as a design medium that combines possibilities of self-expression, involvement in co-crafting, similarities to other devices for self-regulation and preconceptions of status. The socioeconomic issues of the accessibility of mental health care reveals inequalities related to social status, and jewelry with its historical connotation as a social status symbol is used in this project as a critical tool to portray and question the correlation between socioeconomic privilege and mental health care. The collaborative process of co-designing and translating real people’s needs into customized jewelry works as an attempt to redefine jewelry as a manifestation of human needs and to cultivate mental health sufferers’ agency and power towards their own health.

In this thesis i describe proposals designed to give remaining species a temporary haven until their natural habitat is reestablished.  Designing for decay is about alternative methods for nature conservation, about us working with the forest not against it. Methods based on decaying wood and the reintroduction of fungi into the young boreal forest. Looking at the planetary boundaries as summarized by Stockholm resilience center biosphere integrity is one of the areas where the anthropogenic factors has made the largest impact.