Thesis (M Med (Family Medicine))--University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2010. / Abundant literature supports the beneficial effects of diet and exercise recommendations for improving and maintaining glycaemic levels of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patient adherence to therapeutic lifestyle measures is notoriously difficult to initiate and sustain; however, reason for non-adherence amongst diabetes population is very complex and multi-faceted in nature. Objectives To determine rates of non-adherence and reasons/barriers for not adhering to diet and exercise recommendations amongst type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending Extension II clinic in Gaborone, Botswana. Summary of methods Design: descriptive cross-sectional study using self administered questionnaire Setting: Extension II clinic, a public family practice in Gaborone, Botswana. Study population: Consenting adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 30 years or older, diagnosed 2 or more years and on clinic care. Sample selection: Convenience sampling method was used to select 35 subjects per month, over a period of three successive months and a total of 105 participants were recruited into the study, made up of 44 men and 61 women. Results 104 correctly filled questionnaires were included in the data analysis, of which, 59% were female. Estimated rates of non-adherence to diet and exercise were 37.4%; 95% CI, 27.7 – 46.3% and 52%; 95% CI, 42.4 – 61.6% respectively. The main perceived reasons for non-adherence to diet were granting self-permission (36.5%), lack of information (33.3%), eating out (31.7%), financial constraints (28.8%) and poor self control (26.9%); while the main perceived reasons for non-adherence to exercise were lack of information (65.7%), exercise as potentially exacerbating illness (57.6%), lack of exercise partner (24.0%), specific locations away from home (18.0%), and winter weather (15.4%). The overall reasons for not adhering to diet and exercise include lack of moral and emotional supports from the spouse (54.1%), family members (44.8%), and friends (58.7%). 95% and 67.3% of the participants had reported that diet and exercise respectively could improved and maintained their diabetic control. Conclusion Non-adherence to diet and exercise recommendations amongst type 2 diabetes patients is far more prevalent and no particular single reason could be attributed to poor adherence to either diet or exercise recommendations, rather a combination of many factors.

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Texas, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 26-32). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.

In this study, equity theory and relationship maintenance were employed as the framework through which couples' perceptions of and use of diet- and exercise- related social influence strategies were examined. Additionally, this research investigated whether people's perceptions of social influence were associated with their health maintenance behaviors and relationship quality, as well as whether their perceived diet- and exercise-related support from the partner moderated these associations. Finally, individuals' motivation to use influence strategies to encourage their partners to be healthier was also be evaluated. This study included a sample of 192 cohabiting or married couples. The results of the Actor Partner Interdependence Models indicated that actors' perceived relationship maintenance and control mutuality were positively associated with their perceptions of positive influence strategies from the partner. Additionally, actors' perceived positive influence strategies from their partners were associated with greater health maintenance and relationship satisfaction, with the inverse being true for actors' perceived negative influence strategies from their partners. Individuals' reports of using social influence strategies varied depending on their various motivations for using social influence strategies (i.e., perceived partner ability and willingness to change, reasons for using social influence, and reasons for not using social influence). Finally, individuals reported engaging in more health maintenance behaviors when they also perceived more positive social influence and more diet- and exercise-related support from their partners. These results suggest that relationship functioning is related to individuals' perceptions of influence strategies from the partner, which are also associated with individuals' health maintenance behaviors and relationship quality. Consequently, romantic relationships appear to be an important context in which to examine diet- and exercise- related social influence strategies.

No description available.

No description available.

The purpose of this project was to develop an educational program to assist educators in keeping school children healthy. This program is designed to support professionals who are working to reduce the problem of oobesity in children and adolescents in elementary and middle school setting.

This qualitative study sought to explore the Hong Kong Chinese patient's perceptions of an Intensive Care experience and their views on the introduction of feng shui principles focussing on sleep orientations, dietary management and exercise regimes. The study explored the background of feng shui as an authentic traditional Chinese belief. It also explores if incorporating these feng shui principles into the health care setting would provide a positive effect for open-heart patients in an Intensive Care Unit at the Hong Kong Adventist Hospital in Hong Kong. The major inference drawn from this study is that Chinese patients seek culturally related experiences from the health care setting. The Chinese informants showed strong belief patterns in traditional practices of feng shui, however, practiced these within the confines of their homes as these experiences were denied to them in the hospital setting. / Health Studies / M.A. (Nursing Science)

This qualitative study sought to explore the Hong Kong Chinese patient's perceptions of an Intensive Care experience and their views on the introduction of feng shui principles focussing on sleep orientations, dietary management and exercise regimes. The study explored the background of feng shui as an authentic traditional Chinese belief. It also explores if incorporating these feng shui principles into the health care setting would provide a positive effect for open-heart patients in an Intensive Care Unit at the Hong Kong Adventist Hospital in Hong Kong. The major inference drawn from this study is that Chinese patients seek culturally related experiences from the health care setting. The Chinese informants showed strong belief patterns in traditional practices of feng shui, however, practiced these within the confines of their homes as these experiences were denied to them in the hospital setting. / Health Studies / M.A. (Nursing Science)

Chemerin is a chemoattractant adipokine that regulates adipogenesis and may induce insulin resistance. Chemerin serum concentrations are elevated in obese, insulin-resistant, and inflammatory states in vivo. Here we investigate the role of omental (OM) and subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissue chemerin and CMKLR1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in human obesity. In addition, we test the hypothesis that changes in chemerin serum concentrations are primarily associated with reduced body fat mass in the context of 3 weight loss intervention studies. Chemerin serum concentration was measured in 740 individuals in a cross-sectional (n = 629) study including a subgroup (n = 161) for which OM and SC chemerin mRNA expression has been analyzed as well as in 3 interventions including 12 weeks of exercise (n = 60), 6 months of calorie-restricted diet (n = 19) studies, and 12 months after bariatric surgery (n = 32). Chemerin mRNA is significantly higher expressed in adipose tissue of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and correlates with circulating chemerin, body mass index (BMI), percentage body fat, C-reactive protein, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and glucose infusion rate in euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps. CMKLR1 mRNA expression was not significantly different between the 2 fat depots. Obesity surgery–induced weight loss causes a significant reduction on both OM and SC chemerin expression. All interventions led to significantly reduced chemerin serum concentrations. Decreased chemerin serum concentrations significantly correlate with improved glucose infusion rate and reduced C-reactive protein levels independently of changes in BMI. Insulin resistance and inflammation are BMI-independent predictors of elevated chemerin serum concentrations. Reduced chemerin expression and serum concentration may contribute to improved insulin sensitivity and subclinical inflammation beyond significant weight loss.