The kinematics characteristics of the human knee joint can be represented by its centrodes. This paper provides a method, called the photograph method, to construct the centrodes by using commercial digital camera to take the sequential pictures. In order to eliminate the undesired movements, a testing chair and a brace are specially designed. Two types of curve fitting methods are introduced to smooth the measured data. The differential method is applied to construct the centrodes of knee joints from the measured data. This paper provides a safe way to measure the centrodes of human knee joints.

Une crème solaire, ayant pour objectif de filtrer les UV, est un système complexe, à plusieurs phases, contenant deux types de filtres : des filtres dits chimiques - c'est-à-dire des molécules absorbantes - et des réflecteurs (comme le TiO2), protégeant par diffusion de la lumière. Afin d'évaluer l'efficacité des produits, des mesures d'indice de protection (IP ou SPF) existent ; la crème est placée in vivo sur différents phénotypes de peau ou in vitro sur un support plastique en PMMA.Afin de modéliser la protection solaire, nous avons cherché à connaitre la répartition de la crème sur son support. Nous avons pour cela utilisé l'OCT (Tomographie à Cohérence Optique) avec un support plastique métallisé, permettant d'améliorer le contraste des images.Ceci nous a alors permis, en connaissant les paramètres des différents filtres chimiques ou particulaires, de modéliser la transmission de la crème sur son support la peau ou le PMMA. Nous avons pour cela utilisé la méthode différentielle, une méthode de calcul de diffusion de la lumière permettant de traiter une structure bidimensionnelle.Nous avons alors pu comparer nos résultats de calcul avec des mesures de protection, étudier l'influence de quelques caractéristiques des particules comme la taille ou le matériau utilisé, ou bien encore évaluer l'effet de l'hydratation de la couche la plus externe de la peau sur la protection solaire. Nous avons par ailleurs cherché à améliorer la vitesse et le champ d'application des calculs en comparant les résultats obtenus par la méthode différentielle avec d'autres modèles (diffusion de la lumière par des tiges ou théorie de Mie). / Sunscreens, an emulsion of several phases, are used as UV filters in order to protect people from sun damages. Filters can be divided in two types: the chemical ones which are organic molecules that absorb selectively ultraviolet light and the physical ones (such as TiO2) which are inorganic particles that scatter and may absorb some of the UV radiation. The sunscreen quality is given by the sun protection factor (SPF), measured in vivo. In order to avoid long and complicated tests, a quick and simple in vitro method, using a plastic substrate, has been established, which gives an approximation of the SPF. In order to model the sunscreen protection, we had to evaluate the sunscreen distribution. We used an OCT (for Optical Coherence Tomography) device, after having spread a metallic thin on the substrate before applying the sunscreen. Theses images helped us to model the cream transmission on the skin or the plastic substrate, using the differential method which can calculate the scattering of light through a 2D structure.We then compared our results to measurements, but also studied the impact of several particles specifications, such as the size or the material of the particle, or study the effect of the skin hydration on the UV protection.Furthermore, we have compared our results to other calculation methods (Mie scattering or scattering by a set of parallel cylinders) in order to improve the calculation time and try a 3D-method.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-05-30T13:31:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Lúbia Tamires Rintzel_.pdf: 1530467 bytes, checksum: 5f7ebdda8b1933a6c0c69276c289d988 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-30T13:31:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lúbia Tamires Rintzel_.pdf: 1530467 bytes, checksum: 5f7ebdda8b1933a6c0c69276c289d988 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-24 / Nenhuma / A energia eólica é uma importante fonte renovável de energia, pois através da força do vento se produz energia limpa e com poucos impactos em sua produção. O Brasil possui um grande potencial eólico, tendo uma trajetória de expansão e um futuro promissor. O presente trabalho, diante desta fonte de energia, busca observar qual o impacto econômico da instalação dos parques eólicos para os municípios brasileiros, faz-se isso através do Método Estrutural Diferencial. Leva-se em consideração municípios com parques eólicos instalados no Brasil no período de 1998 a 2012, e também os municípios vizinhos a estes municípios com parques eólicos. Os dados utilizados referem-se a emprego, arrecadação fiscal e valor adicionado. Após a análise dos resultados, torna-se perceptível que, quando observados os municípios, os que passaram a ter parques eólicos obtiveram principalmente um maior incremento no emprego, ocorrendo também, porém menos significativo, variações na receita de impostos e no valor adicionado. Deste modo, a presença de parques eólicos nos municípios brasileiros impacta positivamente nos fatores econômicos dos mesmos. / Wind energy is an important renewable source of energy, because through the force of the wind produces clean energy and with little impact on its production. Brazil has a big wind potential, having a trajectory of expansion and a promising future. The present work, in front of this energy source, seeks to observe the economic impact of the installation of wind farms for the Brazilian municipalities, it is done through the Differential Structural Method. It takes into account municipalities with wind farms installed in Brazil from 1998 to 2012, and too the municipalities neighboring these municipalities with wind farms. The data used refer to employment, tax collection and added value. After analyzing the results, becomes noticeable that, when observed in municipalities, those that started to have wind farms obtained a greater increase in employment, but there were also, but less significant, changes in tax revenue and value added. Thus, the presence of wind farms in Brazilian municipalities has a positive impact on their economic factors.

This study discusses product form perception within the context of communication. The emphasis is on meanings attributed to product visual form, and more specifically the correspondence between messages designers intend users to receive and the messages that users actually receive. Four groupings of appearance-based product attributes are identified / 1) social values and positions / 2) usability and interaction / 3) visual qualities / and 4) personality characteristics. The study was driven by the main research question / &lsquo / do users perceive the same meaning from product appearance as designers intended, or is there a level of mismatch?&rsquo / . An empirical study was conducted using newly-designed Turkish seating furniture to investigate the relationship between designers&rsquo / and users&rsquo / ascription of meanings to products based on appearance, as a means to validate or refute opposing answers to the main research question. The results of the study reveal that there exist some considerable differences between designers&rsquo / intended messages and users&rsquo / perceived messages decoded from product visual form. The study suggests that designers perform less well at communicating product meanings related to two of the four groupings: usability and interaction, and personality characteristics. Accordingly, these are identified as priority areas for improved message transmission.

Product form is the principal factor that affects the consumer response. It influences the consumer preferences in many ways and affects the success of the product in the market. The response is moderated by several influences including individual tastes and preferences, personal characteristics, cultural and social context and other situational factors. The purpose of this study is to find whether gender as a personal characteristics, has an influential effect on the perception of the product form. A survey was conducted with a sample set of mobile phones. To quantify the participants&amp / #8217 / perceptions, semantic differential method was used in which participants were asked to rate characteristics over a set of opposite adjective pairs. It is found out that, with respect to particular adjectives, responses to product form might be significantly different for males and females.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-06-06T12:10:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 luizmauriliodasilvamaciel.pdf: 11082986 bytes, checksum: ce05919ae5e2bd37882838427a25f4a3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-06-06T12:17:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 luizmauriliodasilvamaciel.pdf: 11082986 bytes, checksum: ce05919ae5e2bd37882838427a25f4a3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-06T12:17:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 luizmauriliodasilvamaciel.pdf: 11082986 bytes, checksum: ce05919ae5e2bd37882838427a25f4a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-27 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Identificar movimento em vídeos é uma tarefa fundamental a fim de analisar a sua infor-mação semântica. Uma das principais ferramentas para a identificação de movimento é o fluxo óptico, o qual estima a projeção da velocidade 3D dos objetos sobre o plano da câmera. Neste trabalho é proposto um método diferencial de fluxo óptico baseado na equação da onda. O fluxo óptico é calculado através da minimização de funcional de energia composto por dois termos: um termo de constância de brilho e um termo de energia da onda. O fluxo é então determinado através da resolução iterativa de um sistema de equações lineares. O desacoplamento entre os pixels na solução garante convergência rápida e torna o método adequado para a paralelização. No entanto, nossa abordagem não converge para todos os pontos de imagem, sendo apresentadas as suas condições de convergência. O fluxo proposto é aplicado no problema de reconhecimento de ação através da criação de um descritor global de vídeo baseado em histogramas de fluxo óptico (HOF). Apesar da sua esparsidade, o método proposto supera as abordagens clássicas. Também são avaliadas medidas de erro de fluxo óptico para algumas sequências de imagens conhecidas. Os erros encontrados são similares para o nosso método e as abordagens clássicas de fluxo óptico. / Identification of motion in videos is a fundamental task to analyse their semantic informa-tion. One of the main tools for motion identification is the optical flow, which estimates the projection of the 3D velocity of the objects onto the plane of the camera. In this work, we propose a differential optical flow method based on the wave equation. The optical flow is computed by minimizing a functional energy composed by two terms: brightness constancy and energy of the wave. The flow is then determined by solving iteratively a system of linear equations. The decoupling of the pixels in the solution ensures quick convergence and makes the method suitable for parallelization. However, our approach does not converge for all the image points and we present its convergence conditions. We apply our optical flow in the action recognition problem by creating a global video descriptor based on histograms of optical flow (HOF). Despite its sparsity, our method outperforms the classical approaches. We also evaluate optical flow error measures for some known image sequences. The errors found are similar for our method and the classical optical flow approaches.

Diploma thesis deals with currant (Ribes L.) and substances which currants contain especially anthocyanin pigments, vitamin C and antioxidants. In theoretical part is described basic characteristic about plant, including varieties of currants. The following chapters include a list of active substances which the fruit contains and also the list of some possibilities of processing and utilization of currant especially in the food industry. Big attention is given to anthocyanins, their characteristics, utilization in the food industry, factors that affect their stability and especially methods of determination. In conclusion, the theoretical part describes importance and methods of determination of vitamin C and antioxidant capacity. Selected nutritional parameters were determined in fifteen known and in three unknown varieties of currants. Anthocyanins were measured spectrophotometrically and determined by HPLC in color samples. By pH differential method was evaluated a content of monomeric and polymeric pigments. By HPLC method were identified individual anthocyanin pigments contained in fruits. Also, content of ascorbic acid was determined by HPLC in all varieties. Antioxidant capacity of white currants measured by DPPH was compared.

This diploma thesis deals with possibilities of using of aronia fruit pomace. The theoretical part is focused on botanical characteristics of aronia fruit, description of HPLC and anthocyanins dyes. The effects of various extraction condition on content of some polyphenolic compounds (gallic and vanilla acids, katechin and rutin) in aronia berry pomace are investigated in the experimental part. The mentioned compounds were detected with HPLC. Thanks to this method the content of carbohydrates was also detected. A quantity of anthocyanins dyes was determined by pH differential method.

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No description available.