O mundo está em constante processo de mudanças econômicas, sociais e políticas que afetam os negócios; os concorrentes inovam e os mercados evoluem com insuspeita velocidade. O estudo da Difusão da Inovação com foco nos institutos de pesquisa é importante para o fomento do avanço da sociedade do conhecimento e da promoção da superação dos desafios impostos. O escopo deste trabalho neste cenário, foi o levantamento dos processos de Gestão da Informação que levam à Difusão da Inovação em Entidades de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação – lECTIs – privadas paranaenses, sobretudo aquelas fundamentadas em administração central, corretagem e difusão orgânica. O objetivo foi propor um macroprocesso para a otimização da Difusão da Inovação em ECTIs privadas paranaense. A pesquisa realizada foi do tipo explicativo-descritiva usando o método de análise de conteúdo, partindo-se das melhores práticas resultantes de pesquisas bibliométrica e bibliográfica que nortearam a composição dos instrumentos e técnicas utilizadas. Os resultados da análise permitiram a construção de um modelo de macroprocesso de Gestão da Informação para Difusão da Inovação, composto pelos dados coletados na revisão de literatura, pelos resultados das entrevistas e das técnicas de análise qualitativa a partir do método de análise de conteúdo. A pesquisa contribuiu para desvelar a temática e evidenciar a necessidade de melhor compreensão acerca da perspectiva de Gestão da Informação que apoie as práticas de difusão. O interesse da pesquisa aliou-se a necessidade do Senai do Paraná em padronizar práticas de apoio às indústrias e formalizar os processos de Difusão da Inovação por meio dos Institutos de Tecnologia e Inovação e assim, proporcionar para as indústrias conhecimento, tecnologia e infraestrutura de ponta e promover a inovação e a transferência tecnológica, contribuindo, em última instância, em dados e informações que contribuem para elevar a competitividade da Indústria Brasileira. / The world is in a constant process of economic, social and political changes that affect the business; the competitors innovate and the markets evolve. This study of innovation diffusion focused on research institutes is important for the promotion of the knowledge society advance and the promotion of challenges overcoming. The scope of this research was the surveying of practices of Information Management that would followed by technological diffusion and innovation in private Science, Technology and Innovation Entities (ECTI) of the Paraná state, mainly the ones that are grounded in central administration, brokerage and organic diffusion. The objective was to propose a macroprocess to optimize the innovation diffusion of innovation in private ECTIs from Paraná state. The research developed was explanatory and descriptive type, using the method of content analysis, from the best practices extracted from the bibliometric and bibliographic research that guided the composition of the instruments and techniques used. The results from the analysis allowed the design of a model of process of Information Management to innovation diffusion, compounded by data collected in literature review, the results from the interviews and the techniques of qualitative analysis from the content analysis method. The interest of the research allied with the need from Senai of Paraná to standardize the practice of support to the industries and formalize the processes of innovation diffusion by the Institutes of Technology and Innovation and by this way, provide to the industries knowledge, technology and infra structure and promote the innovation and technology transfer in last instance to raise the Brazilian Industry competitiveness.

企業著眼於國際市場機會進行國際化的同時，面臨到不同的阻礙，過去國際化的理論討論到影響國際化的速度、進入模式、國家選擇等的各種因素，但隨著產業的型態改變，以及進入國家的不同，國際化的歷程或是成功因素可能因而有所差異。因此，本研究欲探討電子商務在國際化的過程中，特別是進入新興市場國家時，由於電子商務尚未成為主要消費模式，電商企業的國際擴張將會受到哪些因素影響，不同於過去生產導向的國際化歷程，這些障礙又能夠如何被克服。過去學者曾討論外來者劣勢在企業國際化中的影響，但並沒有探討是否適用電商產業，由於產業特性的不同，以及母國市場與進入市場的差異，過去學者提出企業外來者的身份在新市場中面對外來者劣勢，然而，隨著電子商務產業的出現，亦有學者提出局外人劣勢才是新型網路企業在國際化中的主要劣勢，因此，本研究針對過去學者提出的從外來者劣勢（Liability of Foreignness）、局外人劣勢（Liability of Outsidership）出發，結合企業專屬優勢（firm-specific advantage）以及創新擴散理論（Diffusion of Innovations Theory），針對國內外共四家電商業者，採用深度訪談法歸納研究結果。研究結果發現雖然電子商務相較於一般企業在進行國際化初期，主要仍受到外來者劣勢影響，方能順利進入市場去處理身為局外人所帶來的劣勢，透過創新擴散理論的資訊溝通方式以及企業本身的專屬優勢，則可以有效降低進入所遇到的障礙，達到企業在東南亞市場成長的目標。 / During internationalization, firms seek growth opportunities in global markets, while being faced with various sources of obstacles and disadvantages. Previous researches and theories discuss the factors that influence the speed of internationalization, mode of entry, and country selection. However, with the change of industry, and the difference types of countries that are entered, the process of internationalization and the factors that influence the success might vary. As a result, the research aims at clarifying the variables that influence the internationalization of ecommerce corporations, especially when entering emerging markets. In the research, structured interviews were conducted to gain deeper understanding of the internationalization of 4 e-commerce firms. Our findings is that in emerging markets, e-commerce has not become the main stream; therefore, firms need to deal with both liability of foreignness and liability of outsidership because of the new technology and the role as a foreigner in the market. With the firm-specific advantages and the usage of online media and opinion leaders in the countries, e-commerce corporations are more likely to offset the liability that stems from foreignness and outsidership. However, the research shows that the liability of foreignness is more important and urgent for firms to overcome than liability of outsidership. Our research conceptualizes the framework for e-commerce internationalization and provides empirical evidence for the entry and growth in emerging markets.