Medidas atualmente em curso no país, encaminhadas por agentes do setor elétrico, reforçam a expectativa do desenvolvimento de um mercado fotovoltaico sólido em alguns anos. A flexibilidade dos sistemas fotovoltaicos permite a construção de usinas de diferentes capacidades, estas podem estar concentradas, cobrindo vastas áreas de solo, ou distribuídas em pequenas unidades integradas na arquitetura em meio urbano. Entretanto, pesquisas demonstraram que em países com grande capacidade instalada de sistemas fotovoltaicos, o sombreamento parcial de módulos fotovoltaicos é responsável por perdas médias de 10%. Visando agregar conhecimento ao setor energético e contribuir com o desenvolvimento do mercado fotovoltaico nacional, esse texto tem o objetivo de apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa, em que foi estabelecido um modelo utilizado para construir um plug-in, que transforma o Google SketchUp em uma ferramenta gratuita para estimar o fator de sombreamento e a irradiação em superfícies selecionadas em um modelo tridimensional de uma edificação. Assim, foi conduzida uma pesquisa bibliográfica responsável por identificar e selecionar modelos utilizados nas diversas etapas envolvidas com a estimativa do fator de sombreamento e irradiação. Realizadas algumas alterações, esses modelos convergiram para um modelo único que foi aplicado ao desenvolvimento de um plug-in, denominado Solar3DBR. O desempenho do Solar3DBR foi avaliado através de comparações com os softwares PVsyst e Ecotect, e também por meio de medições reais realizadas em um experimento onde foi monitorada a irradiância em uma célula fotovoltaica parcialmente sombreada e a irradiação horária em plano inclinado. Os resultados das medições permitiram determinar o fator de sombreamento da célula e estes foram comparados aos resultados da simulação de um modelo tridimensional do sistema através do Solar3DBR. Essas confrontações demonstraram que as simulações realizadas com o Solar3DBR apresentam grande proximidade com os resultados apresentados por PVsyst, Ecotect e medições reais. / Measures that are currently underway in the country, forwarded by agents of the electricity sector, reinforce the expectation of developing a solid photovoltaic market in a few years. The photovoltaic systems flexibility, allows plant\'s construction of different capacities, these may be concentrated, covering vast areas of land, as divided into small units, integrated into urban architecture. However, researches have shown that in countries with a large capacity of photovoltaic systems installed, the partial shading of photovoltaic modules is responsible for average losses of 10%. Aiming to add knowledge to the energy sector and contribute to the development of the domestic photovoltaic market, this text aims to present the results of a research, in which was established a model used to build a plug-in that turns Google SketchUp into a free tool, with the ability to estimate the shading factor and irradiation in selected surfaces in a three-dimensional model of a building. Thus, was realized a literature research, responsible for identifying and selecting models used in the various steps, involved in estimating the shading factor and irradiation. After some changes have been implemented, these models converged to a single model that was applied to the development of a plug-in called Solar3DBR. The performance of the Solar3DBR was evaluated through comparisons with the softwares PVsyst and Ecotect, and in actual measurements performed in an experiment. In this experiment irradiance in a partially shaded PV cell and hourly irradiation on inclined plane were monitored. Measurement results allowed to determine the shading factor of the cell, and were compared to simulation results of a three-dimensional model of the system through Solar3DBR. The result of these confrontations demonstrated that the results obtained from the Solar3DBR are similar to the ones presented by PVsyst, Ecotect and actual measurements.

La cognition sociale a récemment connu un intérêt croissant en neuropsychologique clinique. Cet engouement s’explique notamment par le caractère transdiagnostique mais aussi invalidant des troubles. Cependant, ce construit se heurte encore à de nombreux écueils, tant conceptuels que méthodologiques. Ainsi, dans la schizophrénie, les données de la littérature internationale divergent. Nous faisons l’hypothèse que ces contradictions peuvent être sous-tendues par : 1) le manque de considération pour le caractère multidimensionnel de la cognition sociale, et 2) l’hétérogénéité interindividuelle du fonctionnement. L’objectif général de ce travail de thèse était de réaliser une étude comparée des profils de fonctionnement en cognition sociale dans la population générale et dans la schizophrénie. Pour ce faire, une première étape a été consacrée à une revue systématique des études sur la structure factorielle de la cognition sociale en neuropsychologie clinique (Article 1). Cette revue a permis de proposer un modèle bidimensionnel de la cognition sociale, où les processus de bas et de haut niveau croisent les processus affectifs et cognitifs. Une deuxième étape a consisté à fournir des éléments de validation supplémentaires au PECS-B, une batterie d’évaluation de la cognition sociale composée de sept tâches évaluant cinq dimensions (Article 2). Les résultats ont révélé des qualités psychométriques satisfaisantes en population générale (N = 131) comme dans la schizophrénie (N = 101). Enfin, la troisième étape a consisté à réaliser des analyses en clusters pour explorer l’hétérogénéité interindividuelle dans ces mêmes populations (Article 3). Trois profils différents dans l’échantillon population générale ont été mis en évidence, dont deux caractérisés par des faiblesses spécifiques. En revanche, les trois profils obtenus dans l’échantillon schizophrénie étaient caractérisés par trois niveaux de fonctionnement en cognition sociale : capacités efficientes (similaires aux témoins), moyennes et faibles. Ces deux derniers niveaux étaient également caractérisés par des difficultés d’ordre alexithymique ou neurocognitive. Dans une perspective de pratique basée sur la preuve, ces résultats ont des implications importantes tant pour l’évaluation de la cognition sociale que pour l’orientation des interventions thérapeutiques. / Social cognition has received a growing interest in clinical neuropsychology. This popularity can be explained by the transdiagnostic and negative outcome of social cognition disorders. However, this construct faces many difficulties, conceptual as well as methodological. Thus, concerning schizophrenia, data from the international literature is inconsistent. We hypothesize that these contradictions may be underpinned by: 1) a lack of consideration for the multidimensionality of social cognition, and 2) interindividual heterogeneity of functioning. The overall goal of this thesis was to explore and compare the social cognition functioning profiles in the general population with those for schizophrenia. To do this, a first step was devoted to a systematic review of studies that explored the factor structure of social cognition in clinical neuropsychology (Article 1). This review allowed the proposition of a two-dimensional model of social cognition, in which low and high-level processes cross affective and cognitive ones. A second step was to provide additional validation elements to the PECS-B, a social cognition assessment battery with seven tasks assessing five dimensions (Article 2). The results reported satisfactory psychometric qualities in the general population (N = 131) as well as in schizophrenia (N = 101). Finally, the third step was to carry out cluster analyses to explore interindividual heterogeneity in these same populations (Article 3). Three different profiles in the general population sample were highlighted, of which two were characterized by specific weaknesses. In contrast, the three profiles in the schizophrenia sample were characterized by three levels of social cognition functioning: good (similar to controls), medium and low. The last two levels were also characterized by alexithymic or neurocognitive difficulties. From an evidence-based practice perspective, these findings have important implications for both the assessment and the direction of therapeutic interventions.

Medidas atualmente em curso no país, encaminhadas por agentes do setor elétrico, reforçam a expectativa do desenvolvimento de um mercado fotovoltaico sólido em alguns anos. A flexibilidade dos sistemas fotovoltaicos permite a construção de usinas de diferentes capacidades, estas podem estar concentradas, cobrindo vastas áreas de solo, ou distribuídas em pequenas unidades integradas na arquitetura em meio urbano. Entretanto, pesquisas demonstraram que em países com grande capacidade instalada de sistemas fotovoltaicos, o sombreamento parcial de módulos fotovoltaicos é responsável por perdas médias de 10%. Visando agregar conhecimento ao setor energético e contribuir com o desenvolvimento do mercado fotovoltaico nacional, esse texto tem o objetivo de apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa, em que foi estabelecido um modelo utilizado para construir um plug-in, que transforma o Google SketchUp em uma ferramenta gratuita para estimar o fator de sombreamento e a irradiação em superfícies selecionadas em um modelo tridimensional de uma edificação. Assim, foi conduzida uma pesquisa bibliográfica responsável por identificar e selecionar modelos utilizados nas diversas etapas envolvidas com a estimativa do fator de sombreamento e irradiação. Realizadas algumas alterações, esses modelos convergiram para um modelo único que foi aplicado ao desenvolvimento de um plug-in, denominado Solar3DBR. O desempenho do Solar3DBR foi avaliado através de comparações com os softwares PVsyst e Ecotect, e também por meio de medições reais realizadas em um experimento onde foi monitorada a irradiância em uma célula fotovoltaica parcialmente sombreada e a irradiação horária em plano inclinado. Os resultados das medições permitiram determinar o fator de sombreamento da célula e estes foram comparados aos resultados da simulação de um modelo tridimensional do sistema através do Solar3DBR. Essas confrontações demonstraram que as simulações realizadas com o Solar3DBR apresentam grande proximidade com os resultados apresentados por PVsyst, Ecotect e medições reais. / Measures that are currently underway in the country, forwarded by agents of the electricity sector, reinforce the expectation of developing a solid photovoltaic market in a few years. The photovoltaic systems flexibility, allows plant\'s construction of different capacities, these may be concentrated, covering vast areas of land, as divided into small units, integrated into urban architecture. However, researches have shown that in countries with a large capacity of photovoltaic systems installed, the partial shading of photovoltaic modules is responsible for average losses of 10%. Aiming to add knowledge to the energy sector and contribute to the development of the domestic photovoltaic market, this text aims to present the results of a research, in which was established a model used to build a plug-in that turns Google SketchUp into a free tool, with the ability to estimate the shading factor and irradiation in selected surfaces in a three-dimensional model of a building. Thus, was realized a literature research, responsible for identifying and selecting models used in the various steps, involved in estimating the shading factor and irradiation. After some changes have been implemented, these models converged to a single model that was applied to the development of a plug-in called Solar3DBR. The performance of the Solar3DBR was evaluated through comparisons with the softwares PVsyst and Ecotect, and in actual measurements performed in an experiment. In this experiment irradiance in a partially shaded PV cell and hourly irradiation on inclined plane were monitored. Measurement results allowed to determine the shading factor of the cell, and were compared to simulation results of a three-dimensional model of the system through Solar3DBR. The result of these confrontations demonstrated that the results obtained from the Solar3DBR are similar to the ones presented by PVsyst, Ecotect and actual measurements.

The interaction between thermal convection and magnetic field is of interest in geophysical and astrophysical problems as well as in metallurgical processes such as casting or crystallization. A magnetic field may act in such a way to damp the convective velocity field in the melt or to reorganize the flow aligned with the magnetic field. This ability to manipulate the flow field is of technological importance in industrial processes. In this work, a direct numerical simulation of three-dimensional Boussinesq convection in a horizontal layer of electrically conducting fluid confined between two perfectly conducting horizontal plates heated from below in a gravitational and magnetic field is performed using a spectral element method. Periodic boundary conditions are assumed in the horizontal directions. The numerical model is then used to study the effects of imposing magnetic field. Finally, a low dimensional representation scheme is presented based on the Karhunen-Loeve approach.

Matematinis dantų lanko modeliavimas leidžia įvertinti funkcinę tam tikro paciento dantų lanko būklę ir analizuoti racionalius gydymo variantus. Dabar mechaninė žmogaus kramtomosios sistemos analizė sujungia daugiau anatominių detalių ir todėl žmogui gali atrodyti, jog pagrindinės mechaninės problemos yra išsprendžiamos. Deja, tai nėra tiesa. Viena iš pagrindinių problemų susieta su raumenų stiprinimu - ar turime mes aktyvinti savo kramtymo raumenis ir kodėl. Pradžioje ištyrėme probleminę sritį ir iki šiol gautus pasiekimus žmogaus kramtymo sistemos trimačiame modeliavime. Vėliau parinkome tinkamą programinę įrangą bei susipažinome su jos galimybėmis. Tada įvairių bandymų metu nustatėme kaip įvairios naudojamų programų funkcijos ir jų parametrai įtakoja duomenų apdorojimą ir remdamiesi šiais duomenimis sudarėme žmogaus kramtymo sistemos trimačio modeliavimo algoritmą. Pasinaudodami juo sukūrėme trimatį paciento kramtymo sistemos modelį. Šio darbo tikslas buvo pasirinkti įrankius bei sukurti naujus, kurie gali pagelbėti sudarant trimatį modelį iš tomografijos būdu gaut�� vaizdų. Turėjome atsižvelgti į taisykles ir apribojimus. Pagrindinis šio darbo rezultatas yra makro komanda sukurta „Image-Pro Plus“ programai, kuri yra naudojama koordinačių gavimui iš tomografijos būdu gautų vaizdų. Buvo daryti eksperimentai skirti apibrėžti faktoriams, įtakojantiems sukuriamo modelio kokybę. / Relationships between muscle tensions, jaw motions, bite and joint forces, and craniofacial morphology are not fully understood, and critical information is often difficult or impossible to obtain in experiments on living humans. The inaccessibility of the mandible and its related structures is a major obstacle to measure their internal forces and stresses, and understanding their effects. Computer modeling offers an alternative method for doing this. Despite its limitations, modeling appears to provide a useful conceptual framework for developing hypotheses regarding the role of stresses during human masticatory system function. Three-dimensional model of main elements of masticatory system was created from computed tomography images. Later this model will be improved with physical characteristics. The objective of this work is to select the set of tools and create the new ones which could be used to acquire the three dimensional model from tomography images. The rules and restrictions of using medical hardware should be taken into account. The main outcome of this work is a macro-command created for the “Image Pro Plus”, which is used to capture object coordinates from the tomography pictures. Experiments were made to define the factors which are influencing the quality of the created model.

Arguments have been made for dimensional models over categorical for the classification of personality disorder, and for the five-factor model (FFM) in particular. A criticism of the FFM of personality disorder is the absence of measures designed to assess pathological personality. Several measures have been developed based on the FFM to assess the maladaptive personality traits included within existing personality disorders. One such example is the Five-Factor Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (FFOCI). The current study applied item response theory analyses (IRT) to test whether scales of the FFOCI are extreme variants of respective FFM facet scales. It was predicted that both the height and slope of the item-response curves would differ for the conscientiousness-based scales, due to the bias towards assessing high conscientiousness as adaptive in general personality inventories (such as Goldberg’s International Personality Item Pool; IPIP). Alternatively, the remaining FFOCI scales and their IPIP counterparts were predicted to demonstrate no significant differences in IRCs across theta. Nine hundred and seventy-two adults each completed the FFOCI and the IPIP, including 377 undergraduate students and 595 participants recruited online. A portion of the results supported the hypotheses, with select exceptions. Fastidiousness and Workaholism demonstrated the expected trends, with the FFOCI providing higher levels of fidelity at the higher end of theta, and the IPIP demonstrating superior coverage at the lower end of theta. Other conscientiousness scales failed to demonstrate the expected differences at a statistically significant level. In this context, the suitability of IRT in the analysis of rationally-derived, polytomous scales is explored.

Basal cell carcinoma is a form of a non-melanoma skin tumour, that commonly forms over the sun exposed regions of the head and neck. Investigation of the rate of occurrence at different sites on face and neck shows considerable variation from site to site. The inner canthus has a disproportionate number when compared to more exposed sites. The eye brow ridge, cheek bone and nose limit the field of view of the inner canthus, thus it is expected to receive less radiation than other more exposed regions. To explain the disproportionate rate, it is hypothesised that a portion of radiation incident onto the eye is reflected to the inner canthus. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the contribution that the radiation reflected off the surface of the eye makes to the overall dose on the inner canthus. The inter reflections between the eye and inner canthus were studied through the use of the ray tracing program Zemax. Zemax was used to trace rays in a non sequential mode incident onto a model eye and periorbital region. To obtain the models of the eye and periorbital region, both magnetic resonance imaging and a casting process was investigated, with the later being superior for our uses. With the model obtained, it was used in a series of three dimensional ray tracing programs. On a macroscopic scale there is a small increase in the irradiance on the inner canthus (2 % over a 1 cm2 area). Peaks of high irradiance (19 % increase in irradiance above direct irradiance) were discovered over the surface when the detector was divided into 200 mm elements. It was concluded that these increases above the direct irradiance in these small regions, increases the possibility of the occurrence of a Basal cell carcinoma. Individual facial geometry, will greatly effect the location and size of these peaks and as a result an experimental method to measure the dose distribution across the inner canthus was proposed. Initially it was planned to use polysulphone film to measure the erythemal dose on the inner canthus. Results from the modelling indicated that any measurements made had to be at a high spatial resolution. Polysulphone film was found to be inadequate for this, due to its large uncertainties. An alternative method was investigated so that a population study could be performed in future studies using visible radiation and high dynamic range images gave a simple and effective clinical assessment tool. The high dynamic range images showed hot spots in the irradiance across the inner canthus agreeing with the model. The small spots of high relative irradiance may not be the only reason for the increased rate in this region. Greater skin sensitivity and absence of sun screen use at this site are other possibilities. It is believed however that the irradiance distribution across the inner canthus on a microscopic scale goes a long way to increasing the risk for certain people.

Submitted by Isaac Francisco de Souza Dias (isaac.souzadias@ufpe.br) on 2016-03-02T18:33:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO George de Almeida Andrade.pdf: 1069618 bytes, checksum: 836da70d27a97e37f383643dff840b32 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-02T18:33:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO George de Almeida Andrade.pdf: 1069618 bytes, checksum: 836da70d27a97e37f383643dff840b32 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-29 / A presente dissertação tem como objetivo principal analisar como os componentes e antecedentes de comprometimento organizacional são percebidos pelos servidores técnico-administrativos do Centro Acadêmico do Agreste, da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Para tal propósito, procurou-se identificar como são percebidos os níveis das dimensões afetiva, instrumental e normativa e os principais antecedentes de comprometimento organizacional sob a análise de importância e percepção na realidade laboral. O estudo teve como lócus de pesquisa o Centro Acadêmico do Agreste da UFPE, localizado no município de Caruaru, na região do agreste do estado. A população do estudo foi de setenta e cinco servidores, sendo a amostra da investigação composta por cinquenta e nove participantes. Realizou-se um levantamento teórico acerca do tema envolvido no problema de pesquisa, o comprometimento organizacional, tendo os seguintes focos de análise: o comprometimento em si, suas origens, bases, dimensionalidades e seus antecedentes. Os dados da pesquisa foram coletados por meio de um questionário composto por três partes: a primeira apresentava o modelo tridimensional de comprometimento organizacional desenvolvido por Meyer e Allen (1991; 1997). A segunda parte apresentava o modelo de antecedentes de comprometimento desenvolvido por Medeiros (2003). Os itens foram analisados em escala do tipo Likert de cinco pontos sob duas óticas distintas: a importância e a percepção na realidade laboral. A terceira parte foi composta por perguntas sociodemográficas e funcionais. Para análise dos resultados utilizaram-se procedimentos estatísticos descritivos simples (frequências, médias e desvios-padrão). Os resultados revelaram um moderado grau de comprometimento geral dos respondentes (60%) e um relevante grau de não-comprometimento na dimensão normativa (48%) e na instrumental (44%). Acerca do modelo de Meyer e Allen (1991; 1997), percebeu-se que, na dimensão afetiva, todos os itens foram mais bem pontuados na análise de importância do que na percepção real; já na dimensão instrumental, todos os itens apresentaram maiores pontuações na percepção de realidade. E por fim, a dimensão normativa apresentou valores bem aproximados entre importância e percepção no trabalho. Os resultados do modelo de Medeiros (2003) apontaram que, dos 28 itens estudados, 26 foram mais bem avaliados na escala de importância do que na escala de percepção no trabalho. Pode-se concluir que, para a amostra estudada, os servidores da instituição consideram como importante ou muito importante os itens de comprometimento afetivo, e como pouco importante ou importante os itens das dimensões instrumental e normativa. Na realidade laboral, os servidores estão mais comprometidos na dimensão afetiva do que nas dimensões instrumental e normativa. Acerca dos antecedentes de comprometimento, foi percebida uma alta diferença entre os escores de importância e percepção no trabalho, principalmente nas dimensões de políticas de recursos humanos e valores da organização. / This thesis aims to analyze how the components and antecedents of organizational commitment are perceived by technical and administrative staff of the Centro Acadêmico do Agreste, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. For this purpose, it was identified how they perceived levels of affective, instrumental and normative dimensions of organizational commitment and the main antecedents, in importance analysis and insight into working reality one. The study was researched at Centro Acadêmico do Agreste, UFPE, located in Caruaru, agreste region of the state. The study population was seventy-five servers, and the sample of the research consists of fifty-nine participants. It was made a theoretical survey on the subject involved on the research problem, organizational commitment, with the following focuses: the commitment itself, its origins, bases, dimensionalities and antecedents. Survey data were collected via a questionnaire consisting of three parts. The first one featured the three-dimensional model of organizational commitment developed by Meyer and Allen (1991; 1997). The second part presented the model of antecedents of commitment developed by Medeiros (2003). The items were analyzed in the Likert scale of five points on two distinct points of view: the importance and perceived reality in the workplace. The third part consisted of sociodemographic and functional questions. For data analysis it was used descriptive statistical procedures simple (frequencies, means and standard deviations). The results show a moderate degree of commitment overall respondents (60%) and a significant degree of non-commitment in the normative dimension (48%) and instrumental (44%). About the Meyer and Allen model (1991; 1997), it was realized that the affective dimension, all items were better scorers in the analysis of importance than the actual perception; on the contrary the instrumental dimension, all items had higher scores in perceived reality. Finally, the normative dimension presented well approximated between importance and perceived work values. The results of the Medeiros model (2003) showed that, of the 28 items studied, 26 were best evaluated on the scale of importance than the scale of perception at work. At the conclusion, for the studied sample, the servers of the institution consider it as important or very important items of affective commitment, and how minor and major items of instrumental and normative dimensions. At the labor reality, the servers are more committed in the affective dimension than instrumental and normative ones. About the antecedents of commitment is high perceived difference between the scores of importance and perception at work, particularly in the dimensions of human resource practices and values of the organization.

In this diploma thesis I concentrate on analysing the possibilities of standardization of financial Business Intelligence solution. The objective is firstly to assess whether it is useful to create a so-called standard model, i.e. a solution model, which could be used repeatedly in independent BI project implementations. The objective is to analyse whether there are similarities among the implemented BI projects in terms of content requirements (measures and dimensions), or what are the differences. The objective is then to design a standard solution model (design relational and dimensional model for data structures). Another objective is to create a functional prototype solution based on the designed model, i.e. to create the actual data structures and fill them with data. A part of this prototype solution should be a set of demonstrative reports. The objectives will be achieved first of all by analysing the theoretical foundations, which provides the literature, and by analysing available real project documentation. Considered BI projects have been implemented within several non-financial commercial institutions. That means that the outputs of this thesis are applicable primarily in non-financial enterprises environments. In the next step, the dimensional modelling techniques will be used to create the schema. Then, leveraging the knowledge of BI solution development techniques on Microsoft SQL Server platform, the prototype solution will be deployed. Reports will be developed using the Microsoft Excel client tool. The benefit of this thesis consists in the model added value, which can be used as the core of newly developed financial BI solutions. The implementation process should by this spare some time. Another benefit of the thesis is the possible use of the prototype solution as a tool for customized demonstration of the financial BI capabilities to potential customers.

This diploma thesis concerns in the real measurement of Roman cellar areas in Prague 1 – Lesser Town, Karmelitská Street. A surveying structure for detailed area geodetic measurement is built up in given part of town. The surveying structure is connected to the binding reference systems – the S-JTSK coordinate system and Bpv altitude system. A detailed measurement is carried out in this cellar areas and recorded data are processed in a suitable programme. A three-dimensional model and drawing documentation – a ground plan and sections in required areas are drawn up according to this data. The ground plan of cellar areas in its drawing documentation is in 1:50 scale and the sections in 1:50 scale. Thesis outcomes will serve to document the current conditions of Roman cellar areas.