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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Uma experiência didática com o texto argumentativo no ensino fundamental: o uso dos operadores argumentativos

Santos, Leandro Ferreira dos 30 June 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Maria Suzana Diniz (msuzanad@hotmail.com) on 2015-11-17T13:55:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 942514 bytes, checksum: e4f71bf30bc2d542a50fbe2520d44491 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-17T13:55:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 942514 bytes, checksum: e4f71bf30bc2d542a50fbe2520d44491 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research is based on studies of Argumentative Semantics and textual linguistics. It focus on argumentation and textual organization, aiming to observe the use and advancement in the use of argumentative operators that elementary school students have done in textual productions of the genre opinion piece. The texts collected were produced at different moments. At first, the students produced freely from a controversial topic that was selected by themselves. At the second stage of this observation, the students produced texts under supervision, this activity aimed to contribute to a more efficient use of argumentative operators and, therefore, we base our study in the use of didactic sequence proposed by Dolz, Schneuwly and Noverraz (2010). The theoretical background is based on the authors Ducrot (1987.1988), Garcia (2010), Marcuschi (2008), Koch (2000.2011), Birth (2012) and Cabral (2011). The argument will be treated from the studies developed by French Oswald Ducrot. The TAL (Argumentation Theory in Language) is based on the notion that argumentativity is inserted in the linguistic form. The work presented is the result of a search action, considering that I am a teacher of students whose writings formed the corpus for analysis, as well as being the researcher. During the collection of the corpus, the analyze was developed taking into account the socionteracionist theory of language, which takes into consideration the context that involves the written practice, that is, a process which involves the writer, the purpose of the material written, and the interaction with the receiver. This study is the outcome of a particular research, considering that I am the teacher of the students who provided the corpus for this analysis, as well as I am the researcher. While analyzing the texts, we followed the qualitative procedures. At first, we tried to identify the occurrence of argumentative operators in two versions of the genre investigated and its diversities of forms, aiming to quantify both operators and forms. In a second moment, this analyze focused on the use of these operators aiming to see if the use thereof has reached the communicative purpose desired. Thus, in this analyze, it was possible to verify whether there was adequate textual articulation in a sense of effective appropriation and use of these operators, and also if the discursive relations established were architected in better argumentative way. / Esta pesquisa fundamenta-se em estudos da Semântica Argumentativa e da Linguística textual. O foco principal recai sobre a argumentação e a organização textual, objetivando observar o uso, bem como o avanço na utilização dos operadores argumentativos que alunos do Ensino Fundamental fizeram em produções textuais do gênero artigo de opinião. Os textos coletados foram produzidos em momentos distintos. No primeiro momento, os alunos produziram livremente, a partir de um tema polêmico que eles próprios selecionaram. Para que a segunda produção fosse encaminhada, foram desenvolvidas propostas de atividades que visavam contribuir para um uso mais proficiente dos operadores argumentativos e, para isso, apoiamo-nos no uso da sequência didática proposta por Dolz, Schneuwly e Noverraz (2010). Como embasamento teórico, nos referenciamos nos autores Ducrot (1987,1988), Espíndola (2003), Garcia (2010), Marcuschi (2008), Koch (2000,2011), Nascimento (2012) e Cabral (2011). A argumentação será tratada a partir dos estudos desenvolvidos pelo francês Oswald Ducrot. A TAL (Teoria da Argumentação na Língua) baseia-se na noção de que a argumentatividade está inserida na própria forma linguística. Nos dois momentos da coleta do corpus, o trabalho foi desenvolvido levando-se em conta a teoria socionteracionista da linguagem, que considera um contexto amplo que envolve a escrita, isto é, um processo do qual faz parte um sujeito que escreve, com uma finalidade, visando estabelecer uma interação com o interlocutor. O trabalho apresentado é fruto de uma pesquisa ação, tendo em vista que sou professor dos alunos cujos textos compuseram o corpus para a análise, além de ser também o pesquisador. A análise dos textos produzidos seguiu procedimentos qualitativos. No primeiro momento, procurou-se identificar a ocorrência dos operadores argumentativos nas duas versões do gênero artigo de opinião e a diversidade de formas, objetivando quantificar tanto os operadores quanto as formas. Em um segundo momento, a análise concentrou-se no uso desses operadores visando observar se o emprego dos mesmos atendeu ao propósito comunicativo almejado. Dessa forma, nessa análise, foi possível verificar se houve uma adequada articulação textual no sentido de uma apropriação desses operadores e o seu efetivo emprego, assim como também se as relações discursivas estabelecidas foram construídas para um melhor encaminhamento da argumentatividade.
2

Nye skabelsesberetninger om æg, sæd og embryoner : Et etnografisk studie af skabelser på sædbanker og fertilitetsklinikker

Adrian, Stine January 2006 (has links)
Avhandlingen handlar om användandet av assisterad befruktning i Danmark och Sverige. Teknologierna är intressanta eftersom de skapar möjligheter för barn att födas som annars inte skulle ha blivit till. De utmanar också normerande föreställningar om sexualitet, etnicitet, normalitet, ålder, kön och släktskap. Genom att undersöka vad som sker i mötet mellan normer, patienter, personal, teknologi och könsceller på fertilitetskliniker och spermabanker, skapar avhandlingen insikt i de skapelse- och förändringsprocesser som äger rum. Analysen visar hur beslutsfattare, personal och patienter förhåller sig till teknologierna. Den genomgående princip som används för att sätta etiska gränser utgörs av försök att imitera naturen. Denna princip omförhandlas och förändras dock ständigt. Omförhandlingar kan äga rum i möten med teknologin eller genom kroppars sätt att reagera på. De äger också rum då naturaliseringsprincipen skapar absurda situationer, t.ex. sådana i vilka patienter och deras kommande barn stigmatiseras och marginaliseras. Med utgångspunkt i den empiriska analysen bidrar avhandlingen dessutom till en teoretisk förståelse av hur materialiseringsprocesser (skapelseprocesser) äger rum i mötet mellan diskurser och materiell agens. Avhandlingen är skriven med utgångspunkt i feministiska och teknovetenskapliga studier och kan läsas som ett bidrag till feministisk ny materialtetsteori och metod. / This thesis investigates the use of assisted reproduction in Denmark and Sweden. Assisted reproduction is fascinating, because it enables the creation of children who would not have been born otherwise. At the same time, it challenges existing norms concerning sexuality, ethnicity, normality, age, gender and kinship. The processes of creation and change that take place at fertility clinics and sperm banks are analyzed by exploring the encounters between norms, patients, employees, technology and gametes. The analysis shows how legislators, patients and employees relate to and manage the use of these technologies. It illustrates that the predominant principle used for setting ethical limits is the mimicking of nature. However, this principle is constantly negotiated and changed. One reason is that negotiations take place in an encounter with the agency of the technology, gametes and body. Another reason for the change of the naturalization principle is that absurd situations, such as stigmatization and marginalization of patients and their technologically conceived children, take place. The empirical analysis also contributes to a theoretical understanding of how materialization processes (creation processes) take place in the encounters between discourse and material agency. The thesis is written with a point of departure in feminist science studies, and can be read as a contribution to feminist new materialist theory and method.

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