Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Managers are continuously faced with new problems and organisations are facing a severe battle for survival. The purpose of this study is to provide managers with a practical guideline based on a holistic and integrated approach of how to face and successfully overcome transformation challenges that they are facing. It has become imperative that managers learn how to effectively reposition and re-organise their organisations in order to meet the challenges of the future with confidence. The areas that will be addressed in this study will provide managers with the relevant information on how to transform their organisation as well as provide insights into how to approach the implementation thereof. The planning, positioning and implementation of transformation is one of the most important tools for organisations strategically gain the competitive advantage into the future. The Bisschoff generic key success factor organisation transformation model have been developed that will enable managers to approach the issues of transformation with confidence. This study has been compiled and written in such a manner as to provide managers with guidelines of techniques and models to apply the theory and literature in their respective organisations. The main purpose of this study is to provide a body of knowledge on the issues surrounding a successful transformation process. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Bestuur staar voortdurend nuwe uitdagings in die gesig en organisasies word bedreig deur 'n uiterste stryd om herlewing. Hierdie studie het ten doel om bestuurders te voorsien van 'n praktiese handleiding gebaseer op 'n hilistiese en geintegreerde benadering om die uitdagings van transformasie waarvoor hulle te staan kom met sukses te trotseer en te oorkom. Dit het van uiterste belang geword dat bestuurders tegnieke aanleer om hulle onderskeie organisasies so te herposisioneer en te her-organiseer dat hulle in staat gestel sal word om die uitdagings van die toekoms met sukses te oorkom. Die areas ter sprake in die studie het ten doel om bestuur van relevante inligting te voorsien oor hoe om organisasies te transformer en insig te verskaf oor die benadering van implementering. Die beplanning, posisionering en implementering van transformasie is een van die belangrikste hulpmiddels vir organisasies om strategies die kompeterende voordeel te verkry in die toekoms. Die Bisschoff generiese sleutel sukses faktor organisasie transformasie model is ontwerp om bestuurders in staat te stel om die uitdagings rakende transformasie met sekerheid aan te durf. Hierdie studie is onderneem en saamgestel om bestuurders te voorsien met 'n handleiding waarin tegnieke en modelle beskryf word waarbinne die teorie en literatuur in hulle organisasie toegepas kan word. Die kern doel van hierdie studie is om 'n liggaam van transformasie te voorsien rakende die vraagstukke rakende 'n suksesvolle transformasie proses.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study project investigates the existing theoretical foundations of cost accounting, evaluating new cost accounting techniques and exploring the possibility of integrating cost accounting techniques with behavioural science techniques, into a system which will address classic corporate cost accounting dilemmas. Costing can be broken down into two major disciplines: Cost accounting for management and control purposes, and cost accounting for decision making. This study project will focus critically on cost allocation techniques which form the foundation for all cost related performance measurement and cost analyses techniques, which in turn finally form the justification for all decisions made in the company. This study project will attempt to define a new concept called "matrix costing", which entails the integration of various cost allocation techniques into a system, which will be integrated with existing financial accounting systems, while specifically addressing the issue of income allocation for profitability analyses. This will be accomplished by drawing knowledge from the behavioural sciences. This study project is a combination of a literature review and exploratory review of a proposed new concept. It stops short of researching the validity of "matrix costing" as an alternative costing technique. It does, however, lay the theoretical foundations to explore this topic further. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studieprojek ondersoek die bestaande teoretiese beginsels van kosteberekening, evalueer nuwe kosteberekeningtegnieke en ondersoek die moontlikheid om kosteberekening te integreer met die gedragswetenskappe, met die doel om klassieke korporatiewe kosteberekeningdilemmas op te los. Kosteberekening kan in twee hoofdissiplines verdeel word: Kosteberekening vir bestuur- en beheerdoeleindes, en kosteberekening vir besluitnemingsdoeleindes. Hierdie studieprojek sal krities op die koste-allokasietegnieke fokus, wat die basis vorm vir alle kosteprestasiemeting en koste-analiesetegnieke, wat uiteindelik veronderstel is om alle besluite in die organisasie te regverdig. Hierdie studieprojek sal ook poog om 'n nuwe konsep te definieer, naamlik "matrikskosteberekening". Matriks-kosteberekening behels die integrasie van verskeie koste-allokasietegnieke om 'n nuwe stelsel te vorm, wat met bestaande rekeningkundige stelsels sal integreer, met die doel om die dilemma van inkomste allokasie aan te spreek vir die doeleindes van winsgewendheidsanalise. Dit sal vermag word deur gebruik te maak van kennis verkry uit die gedragswetenskappe. Die studieprojek is 'n kombinasie van 'n literatuuroorsig en 'n verkennende oorsig van die voorgestelde konsep. Die studieprojek sal nie die geldigheid van matrikskosteberekening as 'n alternatief op huidige kosterekeningtegnieke navors nie. Dit sal wel die teoretiese basis daarstel vir die verdere verkenning van die onderwerp.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The assumption underlying this study is that the regime of the economy imparts certain characteristics to the business cycle indicators and that by using a discriminant analysis it would be possible to gain information from the various indicators as to the state of activity in the economy. A discriminant analysis was developed on an Excel spreadsheet. The Schwartz Information Criterion, SIC, was calculated for the models. This value compares how closely the model follows the true data generating process. The discriminant analysis was performed using all the variables or indicators applicable to the model in question. Using a linear programming algorithm the variables were removed from the model in order to maximise the SIC value for the model. The result was a variable set that maximised the information about the regime of the economy available from the various economic indicators. The models' performance was evaluated for post sample performance in a test data set. Five models were developed. They were: • the coincident logistic model; • the one period ahead logistic CLI (composite leading indicator) model; • the one period ahead logistic component model; • the three period ahead logistic CLI model; and • the three period ahead logistic component model. All the models produced meaningful results in the estimation data set for the United States economy. In the test data set only the coincident logistic model was found to give a clear signal of the regime switch. All models applied to the US data showed activity around all the regime switches. Two of the models did not produce useful results when applied to South African economic data. For this reason the one and two period ahead logistic component models were not used. The remaining three models gave clear signals of regime switches for all regime switches in the estimation and the test data set. The best overall model as far as SIC value was the one period ahead logistic CLI model applied to the South African data. The highest SIC for a model applied to the United States data is the logistic coincident model. The models were also evaluated on the number of wrong classifications. The best model in this regard is the coincident logistic model and one period ahead logistic CLI model applied to the United States data. The most accurate model for the South African data was the one-month ahead logistic CLI model in the estimation data set and the logistic coincident model in the test data set. The models were more decisive in the South African data than in the United States data set having a much lower region of uncertainty. Taking into consideration the greater decisiveness in conjunction with accuracy the models performed better with the South African data. The discriminant analysis generates a probability of expansion, which is used in conjunction with a classification rule based on observed frequencies in the estimation data set. A plot of the probability of expansion calculated by the models versus the true data generating process reveals that the models provide meaningful information as to the regime of the economy. The models tend to lag the true data generating process but do show activity around the regime switches. The models when applied to the United States data show good correlation with the true data generating process over the estimation data set but not as good over the test data set. The models perform better when applied to South African data when evaluated graphically. The models when applied to the South African data give good clear signals over all regime switches in all data sets. Indications of regime switches in the estimation data set were clearer than in the test data set. The use of a discriminant analysis for regime classification has been proven to be effective. This method should be used in conjunction with other methods to evaluate business cycle regimes. Useful information is extracted as regards the state of the economy from the various economic indicators. For this reason discriminant analysis of business cycles can be used as an additional tool for the evaluation of business cycle regimes. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die onderliggende aanname van hierdie studie is dat die ekonomiese stelsel sekere eienskappe aan die sakesiklus verleen, en dat 'n diskriminant ontleding dit moontlik maak om inligting te verkry uit die verskeie aanwysers oor die stand van ekonomiese aktiwiteite. 'n Diskriminant ontleding is op 'n Excel-sigblad ontwerp. Die Schwartz Informasie Kriterium (SIK) is vir die modelle bereken. Hierdie waarde dui aan hoe getrou die model die ware datagenereringsproses volg. Die diskriminant ontleding is gedoen deur gebruik te maak van al die veranderlikes of aanwysers wat van toepassing is op die betrokke model. Die veranderlikes is uit die model verwyder deur die gebruik van 'n lineêre programmerings algoritme, ten einde die SIK-waarde van die model te maksimaliseer. Die resultaat was 'n stel veranderlikes wat inligting via die verskeie ekonomiese aanwysers oor die beskikbare ekonomiese stelsel maksimaliseer het. Die model is vir buite-steekproef prestasie in 'n toetsdatastel evalueer. Die volgende vyf modelle is ontwikkel: • samevallende logistiese model • een periode vooruit logistiese saamgestelde leidende aanwysers (SLA)- model • een periode vooruit logistiese komponentmodel • drie periode vooruit logistiese SLA-model • drie periode vooruit logistiese komponentmodel. Al die modelle het betekenisvolle resultate in die steekproefdata vir die ekonomie van die VSA gelewer. In die toetsdatastel het slegs die samevallende logistiese model 'n duidelike aanduiding van regime-verandering gegee. Alle modelle wat op die VSA data toegepas is, het aktiwiteite rondom al die regime-veranderings aangetoon. Twee van die modelle wat op Suid-Afrikaanse data toegepas is, het nie bruikbare resultate opgelewer nie, en om hierdie rede is die een en twee periodes vooruit logistiese komponentmodelle nie gebruik nie. Die oorblywende drie modelle het duidelike aanduidings van regime-veranderings vir alle regime-veranderings aangetoon in die steekproefdata en die toetsdatastel. Die beste oorkoepelende model in terme van SIK-waarde was die een periode vooruit logistiese SLA-model wat op Suid-Afrikaanse data toegepas is. Die grootste SIK-waarde vir 'n model wat op VSA-data toegepas is, is vir die samevallende logistiese model. Modelle is ook evalueer in terme van die foutiewe klassifikasies. Die beste model in hierdie verband is die samevallende logistiese model en die een periode vooruit logistiese SLA-model wat op VSA-data toegepas is. Die mees akkurate model vir Suid-Afrikaanse data was die een maand vooruit logistiese SLA-model in die steekproef datastel en die samevallende logistiese model in die toetsdatastel. Die modelle was meer beslissend in die Suid-Afrikaanse data as in die VSA-datastel, omdat die Suid-Afrikaanse data 'n baie kleiner onsekerheidsgebied openbaar het. Gegewe die groter beslistheid tesame met akkuraatheid, het die modelle beter presteer met Suid-Afrikaanse data. Die diskriminant ontleding skep 'n opswaaiwaarskynlikheid, wat saam met 'n klassifikasiereël, gebaseer op die waargenome frekwensies in die steekproefdata, gebruik word. 'n Stip van die opswaaiwaarskynlikhede, bereken volgens die modelle versus die ware datagenereringsproses, dui daarop dat die modelle betekenisvolle inligting oor die ekonomiese stelsel bied. Die modelle neig om die ware datagenereringsproses te volg, maar toon tog beweging rondom regime-veranderings. Die modelle het goeie korrelasie met die ware datagenereringsproses oor die steekproefdatastel getoon op die VSA-data, maar nie juis goeie korrelasie oor die toetsdatastel nie. Die modelle presteer beter wanneer dit op Suid-Afrikaanse data toegepas word, en gee goeie, duidelike tekens oor alle regime-veranderings in alle datastelle. Aanduidings van regime-veranderings in die steekproefdatastel was duideliker as in die toetsdatastel. 'n Diskriminant ontleding vir stelselklassifikasie het effektief geblyk te wees. Hierdie metode behoort saam met ander metodes gebruik te word om sakesiklusstelsels te evalueer. Nuttige inligting word uit die verskillende ekonomiese aanwysers verkry oor die stand van die ekonomie. Juis om hierdie rede kan 'n diskriminant ontleding van sakesiklusse as bykomende instrument gebruik word om sakesiklusse te evalueer.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to demonstrate why projects are late and/or ultimately fail, regardless of the fact that project management and project management techniques are being used. A study of literature regarding project failure was done. This was used to illustrate that human, organisational, technical and project type all play a significant role in project successor failure. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is uitgevoer om aan te dui hoekom projekte soms laat is en/of uiteindelik faal, nieteenstaande die feit dat projekbestuur en projekbestuurtegnieke toegepas word. 'n Literatuurstudie aangaande onsuksesvolIe projekte is uitgevoer. Hierdie studie is gebruik om aan te toon dat menslike, organisatoriese, tegniese en projek tipe almal bydra tot projek sukses al dan nie.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A study was conducted within the Argicultural Research Council Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, by means of a questionnaire, regarding the application of project management. The study was done to investigate and bring forth opinions and reasons why project management is deemed to be unsuccessful within the ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij. A comprehensive study of literature regarding the successful application of project management within an organisation, was done. This was used to develop a questionnaire applicable to the ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, to test the above mentioned perceptions. With the analysis of the quantitative and qualitative outcomes of the questionnaire, opinions and perceptions of the respondents were identified, which should be of interest to the ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij. These opinions and perceptions undoubtedly influence the dynamics of the working environment and will in future influence the successful application of project management within the ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij. Therefore some areas of concern were identified which need attention before the ARC Infruitec- Nietvoorbij can be truly successful in the implementation of project management. With the analysis of the quantitative and qualitative outcomes of the questionnaire, the results also indicated that "conventional" project management, as applied to the engineering, architectural and construction fields, can not without further ado, merely be applied in a research environment and specifically the ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij. The ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij needs to give specific attention to the development of an own methodology to apply project management in the ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij. This methodology needs to be relayed by means of a specific strategy and policy inherent to the ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Studie is gedoen by die Landbou Navorsingsraad Infruitec-Nietvoorbij aangaande die aanwending van projekbestuur, deur middel van 'n vraelys. Die studie is gedoen om opinies en redes uit te bring waarom projekbestuur onsuksesvol is by die LNR Infruitec- Nietvoorbij. 'n Omvattende literatuurstudie aangaande die suksesvolle aanwending van projekbestuur in 'n organisasie is gedoen. Die bevindinge uit die literatuurstudie is aangewend om 'n vraelys te ontwikkel wat van toepassing is op die Landbou Navorsingsraad Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, om sodoende die bogenoemde persepsies te toets. Met die analise van die kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe gedeeltes van die vraelys, is opinies en persepsies van die deelnemers geïdentifiseer wat betekenisvol vir die LNR Infruitec-Nietvoorbij behoort te wees. Die opinies en persepsies beïnvloed beslis die funksionaliteit van die werkomgewing en sal ook in die toekoms die suksesvolle aanwending van projekbestuur in die LNR Infruitec-Nietvoorbij beïnvloed. Daar is 'n aantal areas geïdentifiseer, waaraan aandag geskenk sal moet word, voordat die LNR Infruitec-Nietvoorbij werklik suksesvol met projekbestuur sal wees. Met die analise van die kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe gedeeltes van die vraelys het die resultate ook aangedui dat "konvensionele" projekbestuur soos toegepas in die ingenieurs-, argitektoniese-, en konstruksievelde, nie summier by die LNR Infruitec- Nietvoorbij en spesifiek in 'n navorsingsomgewing toegepas kan word nie. Die LNR Infruitec-Nietvoorbij moet spesifiek aandag skenk aan die ontwikkeling van 'n eie metodologie. Dié metodologie moet deur middel van 'n spesifieke strategie en beleid in the LNR Infruitec-Nietvoorbij gepromulgeer word.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Powerful macro-economic forces (of which technology is the main driver) are propelling organisational change. As the rate of technological change accelerates, new threats and opportunities arise more frequently, spurring the need for more rapid organisational change. According to various studies the success rate of major change initiatives is deemed to be very low. The need for accelerated change and the low success rate of the change initiative attempts to date indicate a dire need for practical change leadership competencies. This study project makes a contribution towards that need by providing a practical framework, making it easier for change leaders, sponsors and change agents to apply change leadership in the context of a project. A meta-analytical study of change leadership principles, as described by some of the leading authors on the subject, provides various insights into the high failure rate of change initiatives. The synthesis of their recommendations culminates in the description of ten critical success factors for organisational change. Each critical success factor is expanded into tasks with detail that will aid the execution thereof. Linked to the states of change, the critical success factors and accompanying task detail form a practical framework for change leadership. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Makro-ekonomiese kragte (waarvan tegnologie die grootste invloed het) dryf die versnellende tempo waarteen organisatoriese verandering tans moet plaasvind. Die tempo waarteen tegnologie verander skep toenemend nuwe geleenthede en bedreigings vir organisasies, wat die behoefte na vinnige reaksie en snelle verandering verhoog. Verskeie studies bewys dat die meeste veranderingsinisiatiewe egter onsuksesvol is. Die groeiende behoefte aan 'n vermoe om vinnig te kan verander en die lae vlak van sukses dui daarop dat 'n groot behoefte in organisasies bestaan vir praktiese veranderingsbestuur vaardighede. Hierdie werkstuk lewer 'n bydrae tot die bevrediging van die behoefte deur 'n praktiese raamwerk daar te stel wat leiers en agente van verandering sal help om die beginsels van veranderingsbestuur toe te pas in die konteks van 'n projek. 'n Meta-analitiese studie van veranderingsbestuur verskaf insigte deur verskeie outeurs oor die redes waarom die meerderheid van veranderingsinisiatiewe faal. Die sintese van hul aanbevelings lei tot die beskrywing van tien kritiese suksesfaktore vir organisatoriese verandering. Elke kritiese suksesfaktor word uitgebrei in gedetaileerde take wat die uitvoering daarvan ondersteun. Die take en kritiese suksesfaktore, gekoppel aan die onderskeie stadiums van verandering vorm 'n praktiese raamwerk vir veranderingsbestuur.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Family businesses are increasing in the western societies. They will continue to play an important role in most economies. There is a growing interest among young people to get involved in family businesses. It is therefore important that issues and factors influencing the behaviour of family businesses be highlighted and understood by those interested in family businesses. This study investigates the dynamics in family businesses and concludes on the issues of remuneration, conflict and succession. The family business is a composition of two complex systems, family and business, with at its lead an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs are the "green barets" of our economy, they are the people with guts, who survive on a mixture of unwarranted confidence and blind hope. This study focused on the issues of remuneration, conflict and succession as described in literature. Founders/managers should be sensitive to these issues and the management thereof. The emotions involved in family businesses make them unique compared to other businesses. Businesses that fail to address these issues will experience more problems than businesses which proactively deal with the issues. The results of this research indicate that family business globally experience similar dynamics. It is suggested that founders/managers make an effort to uncover the issues threatening the health of their business and address them. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Familie ondememings is aan die toeneem in die westerse gemeenskappe. Dit het in die verlede en sal soveel te meer in die toekoms 'n belangrike rol vertolk in meeste ekonomië. Daar is 'n toenemende belangstelling onder jong entrepreneurs in familie besighede. Dit is dus belangrik dat die realiteite en faktore wat in familie besighede teenwoordig is, onder entrepreneurs se aandag gebring word sodat hulle nie oningelig is nie. Hierdie studie het juis ten doel om die sake rakende konflik, vergoeding en opvolging na te vors. Familie besighede is die samevoeging van twee komplekse sisteme naamlik familie en besigheid, met 'n entrepeneur aan die stuur van hierdie kombinasie. Entrepreneurs word beskou as die baanbrekers van die ekonomie, hulle beskik oor deursettingsvermoë, geloof en hoop. Hierdie tesis beskou vergoeding, konflik en opvolging vanuit 'n literatuur oogpunt. Dit is van kardinale belang dat stigters/bestuurders van familie besighede sensitief is vir hierdie aspekte en dit bestuur. Die uniekheid van familie besighede stem van die emosies daarbinne af. Besighede wat versuim om aandag aan hierdie dinamika binne familie besighede te gee, kan meer algemene probleme verwag as die besighede wat wel proaktief optree. Hierdie studie kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat familie besighede oor die wêreld heen soortgelyke probleme ervaar. Daar word voorgestel dat eienaars/stigters/bestuurders daadwerklik aandag gee aan die faktore en realiteite wat die gesondheid van familie besighede bedreig.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Organisations have progressed from managing their information system isolated from each department to a fully integrated enterprise resource planning system. This has resulted in transparency of information throughout the organisation. Organisations initially communicated directly with each other via facsimile and electronic data interchange on a oneto- one basis, whereas the business-to-business e-marketplace facilitates a many-to-many relationship and assists in improving efficiencies in the supply chain. In order for these emarketplaces to succeed, it is vital that they focus on achieving the critical success factors such as liquidity, fulfilment and implementation of basic business principles to name a few. The backing of the industry’s “Bricks and Mortar” organisations is important since this gives the buyer or supplier the capability to attract the other members of the e-marketplace. Further to this, these organisations contribute knowledge of the industry and an understanding of the customer’s requirements. The e-marketplace should be seen as a community, where not only the procurement process is facilitated, but where also other value adding services such as logistics and finance are offered. In order to ensure the sustainability of the e-marketplace, it is important to define its life cycle. It is envisaged that the life cycle will consist of four phases, namely procurement, value added services, knowledge and customer relations management. The business model should be focused on ensuring that the maximum revenue is achieved during each of these phases. One of biggest benefits of the e-marketplace and also an essential component for its survival, is that all information relating to the procurement process and value added services should be rooted through and stored in the data warehouse. This data warehouse will thus become rich in information that could be sold as knowledge in the long term and create a significant revenue stream in the later life cycle phases of the e-marketplace. A case study of Quadrem illustrates that the e-marketplace is in the early stage of the life cycle and that extensive further development is required before the true value of the businessto- business e-marketplace can be attained. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ondernemings het vordering gemaak vanaf die bestuur van inligtingstelsels, geïsoleerd van mekaar in departemente, na ‘n ten volle geïntegreerde besigheidsbronbeplanningstelsel. Dit het gelei tot deursigtigheid van inligting dwarsdeur die hele onderneming. Ondernemings het aanvanklik direk met mekaar gekommunikeer op ‘n een-tot-een basis met behulp van fakse en EDI, terwyl die besigheid-tot-besigheid e-markomgewing ‘n baie-tot-baie verwantskap fasiliteer en bydra tot die verbetering van effektiwiteit in die toevoerketting. Dit is noodsaaklik dat die e-markomgewing daarop fokus om die kritiese suksesfaktore soos likiditeit, uitvoering en implementering van basiese besigheidsbeginsels, om slegs ‘n paar te noem, te bereik, ten einde suksesvol te wees. Die ondersteuning van die industrie se tradisionele “Bricks and Mortar” ondernemings is belangrik, aangesien dit die koper of verskaffer die vermoë gee om ander lede van die e-markomgewing aan te trek. Buitendien maak dié ondernemings ‘n bydrae tot die kennis van die industrie en insig in die klante se behoeftes. Die e-markomgewing moet as ‘n gemeenskap gesien word, waar nie alleen die verskaffingsproses gefasiliteer word nie, maar waar ook ander waarde toevoegingsdienste soos logistiek en finansier aangebied word. Ten einde die volhoudbaarheid van die emarkomgewing te verseker, is dit belangrik om die lewensiklus te definieer. Dit word voorsien dat die lewensiklus uit vier fases sal bestaan, naamlik verskaffing, waarde toevoegingsdienste, kennis en kliënteverhoudingsbestuur. Die besigheidsmodel moet daarop fokus om te verseker dat die maksimum inkomste gedurende elke fase gegenereer word. Een van die grootste voordele van die e-markomgewing, en ook ‘n noodsaaklike komponent vir oorlewing, is dat al die inligting verwant aan die verskaffingsproses en waarde toevoegingsdienste deur die datastoor gekanaliseer moet word en daar gestoor word. Hierdie datastoor sal dus ryk aan inligting word wat op die langtermyn as kennis verkoop kan word en sodoende ‘n wesenlike inkomstestroom genereer in die latere fases van die lewensiklus van die e-markomgewing. ‘n Gevallestudie van Quadrem illustreer dat die e-markomgewing in die vroeë stadium van die lewensiklus is en dat omvattende verdere ontwikkeling vereis word voordat die ware waarde van die besigheid-tot-besigheid e-markomgewing bereik kan word.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study focuses on the development of a research model for the University of Stellenbosch (US), which will facilitate the marketing and implementation of DE programmes for organisations. More leading-edge organisations are utilising distance education (DE) modes to capitalise on advantages such as rapid assimilation of learning material and the reduction in costs in the long term. An organisation in the health sector was chosen for the application of the model. The health sector faces numerous challenges, prospects and opportunities. The research model's framework is therefore utilised to establish the training needs of the Medi-Clinic hospital group's managers. The results of the research conducted in this study indicate that Medi-Clinic's work environment seems to be favourable for management training programmes to be implemented via DE technologies. Their managers in general favour training to be delivered via more dependent modes. Managers identified mainly direct contact and interaction with the lecturer by means of traditional training and face-to-face contact (TV) as their first choice. Interactive video, computer with instructor involvement, and DE via videotapes were predominantly the managers' second choice. The managers' third choice was primarily computer without instructor involvement, CD-ROM and correspondence. From this study it is also clear that Medi-Clinic's different managerial groups prefer different training modes. Independent DE modes are in general more popular among their higher levels of management. This study can serve as the basic model, which can, with further refinement, be used by the University of Stellenboseh's Distance Education Division as a support tool for the development, marketing and implementation of programmes. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie fokus op die ontwikkeling van 'n navorsingsmodel vir die Universiteit van Stellenbosch (US). Die oogmerk van die model is om die bemarking en implementering van afstandsonderrigprogramme vir organisasies te fasiliteer. Organisasies maak toenemend gebruik van afstandsonderrigmetodes om voordele soos vinnige assimilasie van opleidingsmateriaal en die vermindering van koste op lang termyn daaruit te put. 'n Organisasie uit die gesondheidsektor is gekies vir die toepassing van die model. Die gesondheidsektor staar vele uitdagings, vooruitsigte en geleenthede in die gesig. Die navorsingsmodel se raamwerk is daarom gebruik om die opleidingsbehoeftes van die Medi- Clinic hospitaalgroep se bestuurders te bepaal. Uit die resultate van hierdie navorsing blyk dit dat Medi-Clinic se werksomgewing gunstig is vir die implementering van bestuursopleidingsprogramme deur middel van afstandsonderrigmetodes. Bestuurders het hoofsaaklik direkte kontak en interaksie met die dosent deur middel van tradisionele opleiding en persoon-tot-persoon- (TV) kontak as hul eerste keuse geïdentifiseer. Interaktiewe video, rekenaar met instrukteurbetrokkenheid en afstandsonderrig deur middel van videokassette was oorwegend bestuurders se tweede keuse. As derde keuse is rekenaar sonder instrukteurbetrokkenheid, CD-ROM en korrespondensie oor die algemeen gekies. Uit hierdie studie is dit ook duidelik dat Medi-Clinic se verskillende bestuursgroepe, verskillende opleidingsmetodes verkies. Onafhanklike afstandsonderrigmetodes is oor die algemeen meer gewild onder hoër vlakke van bestuur. Hierdie studie kan as 'n basiese model dien, wat met verdere verfyning gebruik kan word as 'n ondersteuningsinstrument om afstandsonderrigprogramme vir die Universiteit van Stellenbosch te ontwikkel.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The objective of this study project is to investigate the scope management process within Nedbank's retail division. The scope definition provides a starting point for all future planning and tasks in a project. It defines all the work required, and only the work required, to successfully complete the set objectives of the project. Although this aspect of project management is crucial, many organisations fail to complete projects on time and within budget, due to bad management of the project's scope. A literature study was undertaken to determine a scope process, reasons why scope management fails, and those aspects that are of importance when defining the scope. These aspects were identified as follows: • Scope definition. • Setting of objectives. • Client relationship. • Stakeholder relationship. • Scope change management. • Risk. • Norms and standards. • Project requirements. Information from the literature study was used to develop a questionnaire to analyse the opinions of project members. These results were used to identify the gap between the perceptions of the project members and the ideal situation. The quantitative analysis identified the following as areas of concern: • Not all tasks needed to complete the project are identified. • Changes in the objective of the project, after the project scope was defined. • There is no process to deal with scope change. • There is a lack of using norms and standards when managing and planning the scope of the project. The study is concluded with recommendations to ensure that all future project plans comply with the identified process. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doelwit van hierdie studie is om die projek omvangs proses binne Nedbank se kleinhandels divisie te ondersoek. Die definisie van die projek omvang is die begin punt van alle toekomstige beplanning en take van 'n projek. Projek omvang word gedefinieer as al die werk benodig, en slegs die werk benodig, om 'n projek suksesvol te voltooi. Alhoewel hierdie aspek van projekbestuur as van kardinale belang beskou word, is daar vele organisasies wat steeds projekte laat voltooi en begrotings oorskry, weens die swak bestuur van projek omvang. 'n Omvattende literatuurstudie is voltooi om 'n omvang formulerings proses te identifiseer, redes hoekom organisasies faal met die proses, en aspekte te bepaal wat van belang is om te verseker dat organisasies suksesvol is met die definiëring van die projek omvang. Hierdie aspekte is soos volg: • Projekdefinisie. • Projekdoelwit. • Kliëntverhoudings. • Verhoudings met belangegroepe. • Die bestuur van veranderings in die projek omvang en definisie. • Projekrisiko. • Norme en standaarde. • Projekvereistes. 'n Vraelys, gegrond op die literatuurstudie, is opgestel om die persepsies van projeklede te meet teenoor die ideale situasie. Die kwantitatiewe analise het die volgende aspekte geidentifiseer as areas waaraan aandag gegee moet word: • 'n Volledige lys van take om die projek te voltooi word nie geidentifiseer nie. • Te veel verandering in die doelwit van die projek nadat die omvang reeds bepaal is. • Geen proses om enige verandering in die projek se omvang te bestuur nie. • Norme en standaarde word nie gebruik met die beplanning en bestuur van die projek omvang nie. Die studie word afgesluit met aanbevelings om te verseker dat toekomstige projekte aan die geidentifiseerde proses voldoen.