A esquistossomose é uma das doenças parasitárias mais antigas que existem. Acredita-se que a doença chegou ao Brasil com o tráfico de escravos, e encontrou condições favoráveis ao seu estabelecimento. Entre as principais áreas de transmissão no Estado de São Paulo está incluída a região do Vale do Ribeira. O Vale do Ribeira caracteriza-se por sua hidrografia rica em pequenas coleções hídricas tais como valas de irrigação. Sua história de transmissão para a doença tem inicio em 1953 quando foi descrito o foco de Ana Dias, no município de Itariri. Nesse local o molusco hospedeiro intermediário é a espécie Biomphalaria tenagophila. Essa área é historicamente endêmica permanecendo um foco importante de esquistossomose no Estado de São Paulo justificando a necessidade de novos estudos desse ambiente. O objetivo deste estudo foi fazer um levantamento da malacofauna límnica em valas de irrigação consideradas focos e criadouros na região de Ana Dias, verificando quais espécies de moluscos ocorrem associadas a Biomphalaria tenagophila, além de aspectos climáticos, físico-químicos e ambientais, relacionando essas variáveis. O estudo de campo foi realizado com coletas mensais de água e moluscos, durante um ano. O material coletado foi identificado e analisado em laboratório juntamente com as variáveis ambientais e climáticas do local. Os resultados receberam tratamento estatístico e foram relacionados entre si. Através deste estudo foi possível concluir que as valas são excelentes criadouros de moluscos. A malacofauna local é composta pelas espécies B. tenagophila, M. tuberculatus, P. sordida, P. marmorata, L. columella, D. depressissimum, D. anatinun, D. lucidum, G. ticaga e Pisidum sp. A B. tenagophila foi a espécie dominante e apresentou competição com M. tuberculatus. As variáveis abióticas exercem influencia sobre a riqueza e abundância da malacofauna, principalmente aquelas relacionadas a pluviosidade. / Schistosomiasis is one of the oldest parasitic diseases that exist. It is believed that the disease arrived in Brazil with the slave trade, and found favorable conditions to its spreading out. The Vale do Ribeira region is among the main transmission areas in the State of Sao Paulo. The valley is characterized by a hydrographic layout rich in small water veins such as irrigation ditches. Its disease transmission history dates back to 1953 when the Ana Dias focus, in the Itariri district, was described. There the intermediate host mollusc is the Biomphalaria tenagophila specie. This area is historically endemic remaining as an important schistosomiasis focus in the State of Sao Paulo, which justifies the necessity of new studies on its environment. The objective of this study was to carry out a malacofauna survey in irrigation ditches considered focus and breeding habitats in the region of Ana Dias, verifying which snail species occur associated to Biomphalaria tenagophila, as well as climatic, physical-chemical and environmental aspects and their correlations. The field study was carried through monthly water and snail sample collections during one year. The collected material was identified and analyzed in laboratory together with the site’s environmental and climatic variables. The results received statistical treatment and compared among themselves. Through this study was possible to conclude that the ditches are excellent breeding habitats for snails. The local Malacofauna is composed by the B. tenagophila, M. tuberculatus, P. sordida, P. marmorata, L. columella, D. depressissimum, D. anatinun, D. lucidum, G. ticaga and Pisidum sp species. The B. tenagophila specie was the dominant one competing with the M. tuberculatus one. The abiotic variables have influence on the malacofauna wealth and abundance, specially on those related to rainfall level.

A esquistossomose é uma das doenças parasitárias mais antigas que existem. Acredita-se que a doença chegou ao Brasil com o tráfico de escravos, e encontrou condições favoráveis ao seu estabelecimento. Entre as principais áreas de transmissão no Estado de São Paulo está incluída a região do Vale do Ribeira. O Vale do Ribeira caracteriza-se por sua hidrografia rica em pequenas coleções hídricas tais como valas de irrigação. Sua história de transmissão para a doença tem inicio em 1953 quando foi descrito o foco de Ana Dias, no município de Itariri. Nesse local o molusco hospedeiro intermediário é a espécie Biomphalaria tenagophila. Essa área é historicamente endêmica permanecendo um foco importante de esquistossomose no Estado de São Paulo justificando a necessidade de novos estudos desse ambiente. O objetivo deste estudo foi fazer um levantamento da malacofauna límnica em valas de irrigação consideradas focos e criadouros na região de Ana Dias, verificando quais espécies de moluscos ocorrem associadas a Biomphalaria tenagophila, além de aspectos climáticos, físico-químicos e ambientais, relacionando essas variáveis. O estudo de campo foi realizado com coletas mensais de água e moluscos, durante um ano. O material coletado foi identificado e analisado em laboratório juntamente com as variáveis ambientais e climáticas do local. Os resultados receberam tratamento estatístico e foram relacionados entre si. Através deste estudo foi possível concluir que as valas são excelentes criadouros de moluscos. A malacofauna local é composta pelas espécies B. tenagophila, M. tuberculatus, P. sordida, P. marmorata, L. columella, D. depressissimum, D. anatinun, D. lucidum, G. ticaga e Pisidum sp. A B. tenagophila foi a espécie dominante e apresentou competição com M. tuberculatus. As variáveis abióticas exercem influencia sobre a riqueza e abundância da malacofauna, principalmente aquelas relacionadas a pluviosidade. / Schistosomiasis is one of the oldest parasitic diseases that exist. It is believed that the disease arrived in Brazil with the slave trade, and found favorable conditions to its spreading out. The Vale do Ribeira region is among the main transmission areas in the State of Sao Paulo. The valley is characterized by a hydrographic layout rich in small water veins such as irrigation ditches. Its disease transmission history dates back to 1953 when the Ana Dias focus, in the Itariri district, was described. There the intermediate host mollusc is the Biomphalaria tenagophila specie. This area is historically endemic remaining as an important schistosomiasis focus in the State of Sao Paulo, which justifies the necessity of new studies on its environment. The objective of this study was to carry out a malacofauna survey in irrigation ditches considered focus and breeding habitats in the region of Ana Dias, verifying which snail species occur associated to Biomphalaria tenagophila, as well as climatic, physical-chemical and environmental aspects and their correlations. The field study was carried through monthly water and snail sample collections during one year. The collected material was identified and analyzed in laboratory together with the site’s environmental and climatic variables. The results received statistical treatment and compared among themselves. Through this study was possible to conclude that the ditches are excellent breeding habitats for snails. The local Malacofauna is composed by the B. tenagophila, M. tuberculatus, P. sordida, P. marmorata, L. columella, D. depressissimum, D. anatinun, D. lucidum, G. ticaga and Pisidum sp species. The B. tenagophila specie was the dominant one competing with the M. tuberculatus one. The abiotic variables have influence on the malacofauna wealth and abundance, specially on those related to rainfall level.

The aim of the thesis is an upgrading of a railway station Jaroměř to increase the speed of passing trains, improving safety and comfort of passengers during getting on and getting off and access to trains. The upgrading includes design of new structures. Platform will be upgrading at the height of 550 mm above the top of rail and will meet the requirement for wheelchair access underpass. Drainage is designed as well. Upgrading will be done with applicable laws and standards.

No description available.

Svenska våtmarker har under flera hundra år dikats ut till förmån för odling av grödor och virkesproduktion. Idag ser verkligheten annorlunda ut och till förmån för klimatet satsar svenska staten nu pengar på att plugga igen diken och återställa dessa numera uttorkade våtmarker. Att huvudsyftet är minskade utsläpp av växthusgaser hindrar dock varken flora eller fauna från att utnyttja dessa nya habitat. Då hotet mot biodiversiteten i världen enligt forskningen är lika allvarligt som klimatförändringarna är det av intresse att veta hur åtgärder för att minska utsläpp av växthusgaser även påverkar artrikedomen lokalt och regionalt. Detta är en studie som utvärderar insektsfaunan på återställda våtmarker och om det går att urskilja några naturvärden baserat på vilka arter som hittats. Mellan 8 augusti och 8 september 2022 användes tre inventeringsmetoder på fyra skogslokaler och tre återställda våtmarker. Lokalerna som stod klara år 2021 är Skogsstyrelsens pilotprojekt för återvätningar. Resultatet visade att även om inga naturvårdsarter hittades, bidrar klimatgynnande återvätning av skogsmark till en ökad biodiversitet redan på kort sikt. Totalt inventerades individer av 35 olika arter och 71% fler arter hittades i våtmarkerna än i skogarna. Sex fynd var arter som specifikt föredrar våtmarker och hittades i lokalerna med öppen vattenspegel, övriga arter i våtmarkerna var generalister. Då många faktorer kan påverka olika arters migration är långsiktig övervakning eftersträvansvärt. Den här studien ger en chans för framtida uppföljning av våtmarkernas utveckling och arters etablering. Vidare en möjlighet att anpassa framtida återvätningar för att minimera utsläpp av växthusgaser och samtidigt maximera biodiversiteten. / Swedish wetlands have been drained by ditching for several hundreds of years in favour for forestry and agriculture. Today, the reality looks different, and due to the climate change the Swedish government is now investing money to plug ditches and restore these now dried-up wetlands. The main purpose is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but neither flora nor fauna are prevented from utilizing these new habitats. According to research, the threat to global biodiversity is as serious as climate change, it is of interest to know how measures to reduce greenhouse gas emssions also affect local and regional species richness. This is a study that evaluates the insect fauna in restored wetlands and wether any natural values can be discerned based on the species found. Between August 8 and September 8 2022, three sampling methods were used in four forest locations and three restored wetlands. The wetlands which were completed in 2021 are the Swedish Forest Agency´s pilot projects for rewetting. The results showed that even if no conservation species were found, climate-beneficial rewetting of forest land contributes to increased biodiversity in the short term. In total, individuals from 35 different species were surveyed and 71% more species were found in the wetlands than in the forests. Six findings were species that specifically prefer wetlands and were found in locations with open water surfaces, all other species were generalists. As many factors can influence the migration of different species, long-term monitoring is desirable. This study provides an opportunity for future follow-up of the development of wetlands and the establishment of species. Furthermore, an opportunity to adapt future rewetting to both minimize greenhouse gas emissions and at the same time maximize biodiversity.

This thesis deals with new found neolithic settlement in Kolín, which is dated from Neolithic - Stroked Pottery Culture. On the site were found also the Lengyel Culture imports. The thesis brings the results of the pottery and the chipped industry analyses. The relative chronology of the settlement and some pits was based upon the pottery analysis. There were some settlement pits, which were situated outside and inside the circle, and circular ditch chosen for it. Marginally is here solved the question of interpretation of the function of objects and intercultural relations. The work brings especially the findings about next neolithic site with circular ditch and Lengyel culture imports in Bohemia. Keywords: Neolithic - The Stroked Pottery Culture - Lengyel Culture - Settlement - Circular ditch - Pottery - Kolín - Central Bohemia

The diploma project handles the design of the synagogue and other buildings of the Jewish community in Jihlava. The project is formed as an architectural study. Apart from the synagogue, the proposed set of buildings also includes a kosher restaurant, which is characteized by a specific cooking convention, and the administration of a Jewish community with a lecture hall and a community library. The entire complex is complemented by underground parking and the necessary technical facilities. The area is located on the edge of the historical center of Jihlava and the character of the place is strongly determined by the presence of fortifications and fortification greenery. The concept is based on legible urbanism, which copies the line of fortification. Between the proposed building complex and the walls of fortification the park is preserved and valorises the urban potential of the site. The functions are divided into separate objects. A uniform architectural language of simple cubic volumes was chosen for all buildings. The principles of the construction and inner disposition of individual buildings vary according to their characteristics.

Les fossés agricoles sont des lieux préférentiels d’écoulement des pesticides à l’échelle du bassin versant depuis les parcelles agricoles vers les masses d’eau avales de surface et souterraines. Du fait de leur capacité de rétention ils sont réputés pouvoir exercer un pouvoir tampon pour limiter la dispersion des pesticides dans l’environnement. Les opérations d’entretien des fossés sont identifiées comme un moyen d’améliorer ce pouvoir tampon. Cependant, la connaissance du pouvoir tampon des fossés en fonction de leurs caractéristiques et de leur entretien est très limitée. L’objectif de ce travail est ainsi de quantifier l’impact des principales pratiques d’entretien sur l’évolution du pouvoir tampon d’une gamme de fossés infiltrants.La démarche suivie repose sur i) une caractérisation expérimentale de l’effet des principales pratiques d’entretien sur l’évolution des propriétés des fossés, ii) une analyse de l’influence de ces propriétés sur deux processus clé modulant la rétention des herbicides : la sorption et l’infiltration, iii) une exploration numérique, conçue sur la base des expérimentations, de l’effet de chaque pratique sur l’évolution annuelle du pouvoir tampon des fossés. Le dispositif expérimental a combiné des observations in situ à l’échelle du fossé élémentaire sur 3 bassins versants et des expérimentations au laboratoire et a concerné l’étude du comportement de 3 herbicides, glyphosate, diuron et isoproturon.Les résultats de ce travail ont mis en évidence que les opérations de brûlis, fauche et désherbage chimique améliorent le pouvoir tampon des fossés par rapport à un fossé non-entretenu alors que le curage le détériore. Ils ont aussi permis d’améliorer notre connaissance des propriétés et de la variabilité des matériaux formant les fossés, de proposer un nouvel indicateur de la capacité de rétention des fossés et d’évaluer des approches de modélisation de la rétention des pesticides par un bief de fossé infiltrant. / By linking cropped fields to downstream groundwater and surface water bodies, farm ditches constitute preferential pathways for pesticide dispersal at the catchment scale. But thanks to their pesticide retention capacity ditches are known for buffering pesticide non-point source pollutions. Ditch management operations were identified as mean to improve ditch buffering capacities. However, little is known about how pesticide retention capacities of ditches vary as a function of ditch properties and management. Accordingly, the objective of this work is to quantify how pesticide retention capacity in a range of infiltrating ditches evolves subsequently to the main management operations.The methodology relies on i) an experimental characterization of the main management operation effects on the evolution of ditch properties, ii) an analysis of how these properties influence two key processes regulating herbicides retention: sorption and infiltration, iii) a numerical exploration, based on the previously mentioned experimentations, of each operation effects on the yearly evolution of pesticide retention capacity of ditches. The experimental design combined in situ observations at the reach scale on 3 catchments as well as laboratory experimentations and concerned the behavior of 3 herbicides, glyphosate, diuron and isoproturon.The results of this works highlighted the fact that burning, mowing and chemical weeding operations increase pesticide retention capacities of the ditches as compared to an unmanaged ditch while dredging deteriorates it. They also allowed us to improve our knowledge on ditch materials properties and variability, to propose a new indicator of ditch retention capacity and to evaluate different modelling approaches of pesticide retention by infiltrating ditches.

No description available.

As they are not only the home of many threatened species, but also one of the main actors in the global carbon cycle, peatlands are highly valuable ecosystems. Human disturbance, in particular drainage for forestry and agriculture, has substantially changed the state of the world’s peatlands and will continue to do so. Lowering the water table by drainage has many hydrological and biological effects, including an increased growth of trees and shrubs as well as reduced growth of the key peat moss genus Sphagnum, leading to peat degradation and release of carbon dioxide. The effects of drainage are sometimes used as predictions for how peatlands will respond to climate change, and undrained mires are thus expected to become more like drained ones in the future. The accuracy of that assumption has, to my knowledge, not been tested on a large scale. Here, I use data from two Swedish national monitoring programs to analyze how the vegetation on drained and undrained mires has changed in recent decades. The results showed an increased tree growth but a decreased establishment of new trees on both drained and undrained mires, implying that contrary to common belief there is no current large-scale afforestation of open mires in Sweden. Sphagnum had, surprisingly, increased on both drained and undrained mires, while other functional groups showed varying results. The tree growth rate was faster on drained mires, but in most other analyses the response to time did not differ depending on drainage regime. Thereby, this study found limited support for the hypothesis that undrained mires are becoming more like drained mires with climate change.