Thesis (M.S. - Renewable Natural Resources)--University of Arizona, 1989. / Includes bibliographical references.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2002. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Zugl.: Köln, Univ., Diss., 2008/09

Thesis (M.Eng.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland. / Typescript. Bibliography: l. 80-84. Also available online.

Botswana has adopted policies in its construction industry aimed at developing its citizen contractors to a standard comparable to any other. Towards this end, it has instituted a number of interventions one of which is to provide these contractors with an advance loan to enable them mobilize on site. This facility greatly enhances their chances of success. This study is an evaluation of this scheme and provides a valuable feedback on the scheme's effectiveness, its shortcomings as well as offering some suggestions as to how its administration can be improved. This it does through a critical analysis of the performance of beneficiaries over a six-year period, identifies reasons for their failure and tries to address concerns of the key players in the application of the scheme. The major findings are that the scheme has not been as successful as expected. The biggest problem seems to be the diversion of loan funds from their intended purpose. Rigorous sustained training of contractors and monitoring of their progress in skills attainment is the recommended solution. The Government's intervention should also target other role players in the industry for support including emerging suppliers and plant leasing companies, to break down existing monopolistic structures. / Dissertation (MSc (Project Management))--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Construction Economics / unrestricted

Dealing with young offenders remains a universal problem around the world and South Africa is no exception. It would appear that certain factors in the community, the family and the school system may contribute to juvenile delinquency. Diversion programmes are utilized as an alternative to avoid juveniles accused of petty offences from being imprisoned. The researcher conducted this study after observing that many young people still end up in conflict with the law despite the completion of these programmes. Due to the latter, questions regarding the effectiveness of diversion programmes developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the diversion programme offered by Bokamoso Life Centre. The researcher conducted a qualitative study through which the goal of this study was achieved. Further research in this field is recommended because of the fact that this study was limited to a specific geographical area. / Dissertation (MSD (Play Therapy))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted

Settlement in Criminal Proceedings - Abstract The purpose of my thesis is to analyze specifically one type of diversion in criminal proceedings - settlement. Part of this thesis also explains alternative measures and diversions in general. The reason for my research is finding that settlement in criminal proceedings has currently limited use, for example in comparison with conditional suspension of criminal prosecution. For this reason, the thesis attempts to identify reasons for this limited use of settlement and submits proposals of regulation that would increase number of settlements. Further goal of the paper is the attempt to define the role of the settlement in the Czech Criminal Law, the evolution of this diversion, the benefit of this diversion and also the problems of current legislation. The thesis is composed of five chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of diversions, especially the settlement. Chapter One is introductory and is dedicated to alternative measures and general topics, such as principles of restorative justice and its historical development. Chapter Two examines diversions in criminal proceedings and takes care of specific aspects of this legislation. The rest of the thesis explores settlement. Chapter Three investigates the fundamental characteristics of settlement....

The use of human excreta as a fertilizer has been used to a very limited extent. Human excreta has been distributed throughout the environment as a result of faulty sanitation system design, improper use and/or the total absence of any sanitation system. Human excreta contain nutrients in the form of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Agricultural use of sludge may be an alternative to conventional fertilizers provided that the risk to public health is considered. The application of biosolids to agricultural fields however poses an environmental and health risk since sludge may contain toxic chemicals, pollutant organic compounds and pathogenic parasitic microorganisms of faecal origin. If urine and faeces were separated the risks could potentially be minimized and both of these fractions could possibly be disinfected and utilized. Dehydrated faeces (humanure), urine, soil, irrigation water and crop samples were analysed for the total coliform, faecal coliform, faecal Streptococci, Salmonella spp, Aspergillus spp and helminth eggs. Moisture content and pH of each sample were also determined. Survival studies of microorganisms in dehydrated faeces using different treatments (ash; NaOH and pasteurization) were performed. Human urine both sterile and non-sterile was stored at 15oC, 20oC and 30oC for 50 d to estimate the effect of different storage conditions on the survival of pathogens. Four agricultural plots were prepared for treatment, two for spinach and two for carrot crops. Dehydrated faeces contained total coliform, faecal coliform, Faecal Streptococci and Salmonella spp. Treatment with NaOH and ash reduced the number of pathogens in dehydrated faeces, but not to safe levels. The number of helminth eggs was higher in dehydrated faeces (humanure) than in the soil and crops. Few helminth eggs survived pasteurization at 60oC for 30 min, 70oC for 20 min and 90oC for 5 min. Pathogens survived after storage of human urine at 15oC and 20oC for 50 d. Most of the pathogens (total coliform, faecal coliform, Salmonella spp and Aspergillus spp) were reduced at 30oC. 62.8% of helminth eggs found in humanure were Ascaris eggs and 82% ofAscaris eggs found were viable. Application of humanure to soil resulted in the contamination of soil and crops. However the viability of helminth eggs in crops was very low. No bacteria survived pasteurization at 70oC for 20 min and 90oC for 5 min. Therefore heat treatment at 70oC for 20 min and 90oC for 5 min was the most effective disinfection method for the bacteria. The results showed that Ascaris spp, Toxocara spp, Trichuris spp, Enterobius vermicularis, Hymnologies diminutionsand Taenia spp were present in soil, carrots, and spinach samples when humanure was applied to soil as a fertilizer. Pathogenic and parasitic microorganisms present in humanure represented a high risk of infection. / Dissertation (MSc (Microbiology))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Microbiology and Plant Pathology / unrestricted

Management agencies documented a decline in the mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni) population on the Big Lost River, and unscreened diversions were recognized as a potential factor for this decline. Research suggests the Big Lost River mountain whitefish population is genetically unique, and it has been petitioned for protection under the Endangered Species Act. In 2007, a basin-wide synopsis of diversions was conducted to describe relative entrainment and identify diversions that entrained the most mountain whitefish. This larger scaled synopsis facilitated a more precise assessment of entrainment by a subset of diversions in 2008. In 2008, the volume that was diverted and the available stream-flows were assessed to identify correlations between discharge and increased entrainment. Lastly, a stage-structured population matrix model was used to describe the potential effect that entrainment is having on the mountain whitefish population. Entrainment was evaluated in canals using multiple-pass electrofishing depletions in conjunction with block-nets. Entrainment was estimated using simple or stratified random population estimates. Entrainment varied widely among diversions and between water years. Variations in entrainment were attributed to seasonal patterns, population densities, and the physical characteristics of the diversion. A positive correlation was identified (R2 = 0.81) between the number of mountain whitefish entrained and the volume of water diverted annually. I observed substantial numbers of fish entrained by two diversions on the upper Big Lost River. I illustrate how reducing entrainment at these diversions will increase recruitment to adulthood and increase the viability of the population overall.

Temporary postponement of criminal procedure Abstract The diploma thesis deals with the procedural institute of temporary postponement of criminal procedure. This procedural instrument is one of few exceptions from the principal of legality, which is the topic of the first chapter. The following chapter introduces historical development as this institute is quite new in the Czech criminal law. The following chapter focuses on current regulation of this institute, which can be applied in various situations. There is also a description of specific institute of temporary postponement in this chapter, which is connected to the institute of not pressing the charges against the suspect. This institute brings some problematic aspects for application, which are analysed with a purpose of finding a solution. The following chapter deals with diversions in criminal procedure including the characteristics of this category with each one being briefly described. The practical part of the thesis is dedicated to comparison between temporary postponement and diversions in criminal procedure, based on the definitions and characteristics. The goal of this thesis is to analyze temporary postponement of criminal procedure and compare it with similar procedural instruments to find out, if it can be described as a diversion in...