Afin de documenter la relation Homme-environnement dans le nord du Labrador, des études paléoenvironnementales et paléoécologiques ont été entreprises sur les sites archéologiques Oakes Bay 1, situé à Dog Island, et Koliktalik 6, situé sur l'île Koliktalik et dans leurs environs. Quatorze terrasses marines étagées ont été identifiées à la baie Oakes dont la plus ancienne, Tl aurait été édifiée vers 9000 ans BP alors que la plus récente, T14, aurait émergé vers 2000 ans BP. Les données sporopolliniques mettent en évidence trois périodes de développement du couvert végétal à partir de 5700 ans étal. BP : 1) une toundra arbustive, 2) une transition d'une toundra arbustive vers une toundra forestière, 3) une ouverture du couvert végétal. Les données macrofossiles en provenance de la tourbe échantillonnée à la surface des terrasses paludifiées révèlent qu'il y a eu exploitation intensive de la forêt et de la tourbe par les Thuléens et les Inuit afin de construire et chauffer leurs habitations.

Cortisol is a stress hormone which is released from the adrenals in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and plays a major role in animal stress response. Cortisol is used as a stress marker and can be sampled using different methods. A good non-invasive method and a good measure of chronic stress is to measure cortisol through hair. Cortisol is stored in hair for months and therefore reflects chronic stress. The aim of this study was to investigate if cortisol concentration differs depending on coat color. Hair samples from 20 black and white Border collie dogs was analysed and used in this study. Cortisol was extracted with methanol and analysed with ELISA. The results showed no significant difference between black and white coat color within the population while there were individual differences. The results also showed that the sexes do not affect the cortisol concentration. In summary, coat color (black and white) has an effect on cortisol concentration which means that the factor color does need to be taken into account when measuring cortisol through hair.

Obesity is the most prevalent nutritional disorder encountered in small animal medicine. Problems related with obesity are the higher incidence of morbidity and mortality. Nutritional and physical activity interventions have been common strategies employed; however, they have shown low compliance rates. Because of it more attention has been given to the nutrient composition of diets. Using the canine model, three experiments were conducted to examine the effect of fish oil or barley on protein and lipid metabolism, as well as postprandial glycemia, and nutrient digestibility in mature and in young adult dogs. In Exp. 1, seven female dogs were randomly assigned to one of two isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets, control (CO) or fish oil (FO), in a crossover design. Animals fed the FO diet tended to be more sensitive to glucose, showing a lower glucose half life. Cholesterol and HDL decreased (p<0.05) on the FO treatment. Overall, the supplementation of fish oil may improve glucose clearance rate and is effective in decreasing cholesterol in mature overweight dogs. In Exp. 2, eight female Beagles were randomly assigned to one of two isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets, control (CO) or fish oil (FO), in a crossover design. Overall, feeding a FO containing diet showed a protective effect against the rise of plasma CHOL and it increased plasma ghrelin levels. However, it did not appear to improve protein metabolism or postprandial glycemia in adult lean dogs. In Exp. 3, sixteen female dogs were randomly assigned to four experimental diets; control (40% corn) or three levels of barley (10, 20, 40%). The data suggest that inclusion of barley up to 40% in diets for adult dogs is well tolerated and does not negatively impact nutrient digestibility of the diets. However, inclusion of barley did not improve aspects related to fecal odor, postprandial glycemia, or plasma cholesterol. Overall, the research presented herein suggests that different nutritional strategies - dietary lipid or carbohydrate manipulation - may be beneficial in ameliorating health issues (e.g., hyperlipidemia) or in improving the health status of dogs (e.g., gut health by increased SCFA production).

Deciphering the genetic basis of phenotypic diversity is one of the central aims of biological research. Domestic animals provide a unique opportunity for making substantial progress towards this goal. Intense positive selection has lead to a rich reservoir of phenotypes and underlying genotypes that can be interrogated using genetic tools to gain insight into the genetic basis of phenotypic diversity. The dog is the most phenotypically diverse mammal. It was domesticated from the grey wolf 11-30,000 years ago. After domestication, a period of intense breeding has lead to the massive phenotypic diversity seen amongst dog breeds today. These two phases of strong positive selection at domestication and at breed creation are likely to have left their signature on the genome. In this thesis, we have analysed genome-wide patterns to detect genomic regions involved in selection in both of these phases. We used whole genome sequences from 60 dogs and 12 wolves, to detect dog domestication selective sweeps. We find evidence for genes involved in memory formation, neurotransmission and starch digestion. To decipher the genetic signals underlying breed diversity, we used genome-wide genotype data from &gt;170,000 SNPs in 509 dogs from 46 different breeds. We find evidence for genes under selection in many breeds, and only a few breeds. In addition, we identify novel sweeps underlying morphology and behavior. Recombination can influence the configuration of alleles present on a haplotype, and can thus increase or decrease the efficiency of selection. The PRDM9 protein has been shown to be important for determining recombination hotspot locations in humans and other mammals, but of all the mammals studied so far the dog is the only one to have a non-functional PRDM9. We used the genome-wide genotype data described above to characterise the fine scale recombination map in dogs. We find that recombination hotspots exist in dogs despite the absence of PRDM9. Moreover, we show that these hotspots are enriched for GC rich peaks and that these peaks are getting stronger over time. Our results show that the absence of PRDM9 has lead to the stabilisation of the recombination landscape in dogs.

Master of Science / Department of Animal Sciences and Industry / Janice C. Swanson / Canine thunderstorm phobia is a common, frustrating, and complex problem that, due to the often severe nature of the clinical signs, can lead to canine relinquishment to shelters. Although a potentially treatable disorder, existing treatment options have several limitations and variable success rates. Three survey-based studies were conducted to increase the knowledge base for canine thunderstorm phobia. The first study distributed 1445 surveys through 16 Kansas veterinary clinics to determine the prevalence and characteristics of thunderstorm phobic dogs and assess differences between affected and non-affected dogs. Of 463 dogs surveyed, 240 were thunderstorm phobic as assessed by their owners. Severe weather warning systems may play a role in thunderstorm phobia. Thunderstorm phobic dogs were more fearful when exposed to tornado sirens, both during actual storms and siren testing, indicating a possible effect of classical conditioning. No differences were noted regarding sex, breed, pedigree, or neuter status. Most affected dogs preferred to be indoors remaining near their owners. The second study distributed 1600 surveys through eight Kansas animal shelters to determine the prevalence of relinquished dogs with thunderstorm phobia. Other reasons for relinquishment were also assessed. A fear of thunder was among the least common behavioral problems leading to relinquishment in dogs. Only a quarter of owners had visited a veterinarian for assistance with behavioral problems. The third study involved the administration of dog appeasing pheromone (DAP) in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial to assess its efficacy as a sole treatment for thunderstorm phobia. Data was collected from 60 dog owners using behavioral assessment questionnaires. In dogs given the placebo, six behaviors significantly improved, with another eleven showing a numerical trend toward improvement. However, in dogs given DAP, significant improvement was seen in three of these same behaviors. Consequently, these results do not indicate the potential use of DAP for reducing fearful behaviors associated with thunderstorm phobia when compared to negative controls. Information gained from these studies allows veterinarians and behavioral researchers to better understand the extent of this behavioral disorder and hopefully stimulates future research to find new and more effective ways to treat it.

This diploma thesis discusses the fundamental aspects in dog's nutrition. In this diploma thesis is also compared the digestibility of in vivo and in vitro dry matter and organic matter of granulated dog food.

As lesões medulares acometem anualmente milhares de pessoas e animais em todo o mundo, causando diversos prejuízos econômicos e psicológicos. As principais causas das lesões medulares são traumas automobilísticos e doenças do disco intervertebral. Muito embora a medicina esteja bastante avançada no campo da neurocirurgia, a cura para esse tipo de lesão ainda esta longe de ser obtida. O avanço das pesquisas no campo da terapia celular em lesões medulares surge como uma esperança para os pacientes crônicos. Neste trabalho buscamos avaliar a reposta do tratamento com células-tronco de medula óssea fetal canina em cães com lesão medular crônica toracolombar. Nosso trabalho se baseia em parâmetros clínicos, comportamentais, de imagem e fisioterápicos. Antes de adentrar no experimento, todos os cães foram submetidos a vários exames pré-operatórios (hemograma, exames bioquímicos, eletrocardiograma) para então serem encaminhados para o exame de ressonância nuclear magnética visando um diagnostico mais preciso da lesão. Após esse exame, os cães foram avaliados por fisioterapeutas veterinários que não pertenciam ao nosso grupo de pesquisa para se estabelecer uma pontuação no teste comportamental de Olby. Os animais também tiveram alguns outros reflexos testados (dor profunda, reflexo de panículo). Após a primeira avaliação, os animais foram submetidos à procedimento cirúrgico de descompressão da medula espinhal e aplicação de células-tronco da medula óssea fetal canina. Durante o procedimento foram injetados 1x106 células diretamente em 3 pontos distintos da medula espinhal. Após o procedimento os cães foram encaminhados para a fisioterapia, e por 3 meses, foram submetidos a diversos exercícios de reabilitação com o intuito de potencializar um possível efeito benéfico da terapia celular. Durante a fisioterapia, os animais foram filmados com o intuito de acompanhar a sua evolução, e após o termino da fisioterapia foram novamente avaliados pelos fisioterapeutas. Ao final do experimento 7 animais foram operados e os resultados obtidos demonstraram um aumento do reflexo de marcha em 6 deles. O único animal que não apresentou essa melhora da marcha foi aquele acometido por outra patologia associada à compressão medular. Esses resultados nos levam a sugerir uma ação benéfica da terapia celular em cães portadores de lesão medular crônica. Por outro lado sugere continuar recrutando animais com o objetivo de aprimorar as técnicas utilizadas, para conseguir resultados cada vez melhores. / Spinal cord injuries annually involve thousands of people and animals worldwide, causing economic and psychological damages. The main causes of spinal cord injuries are vehicular traumas and intervertebral disc diseases. Although medicine is very advanced in neurosurgery field, the cure for this type of injury is still far from being achieved. Research progresses in cell therapy for spinal cord injuries appear to be a hope for chronic patients. In this article we aimed to evaluate clinical responses to the treatment using canine fetal bone marrow stem cells in dogs with thoracolumbar chronic spinal cord injury. Our study was based on the evaluation of clinical signs, animal behavior, imaging and physiotherapy aspects. Before clinical-surgery trial, all dogs underwent to preoperative tests as hemogram, blood chemistry, electrocardiogram and to nuclear magnetic resonance exam, in order to stablish more accurate diagnosis of the injury. Following clinical exams, Olby score was determined by evaluating animal behavior. Olby tests were performed by external scientific research group, composed by veterinary phisiotherapists, in order to guarantee blind evaluation. Animals were also tested to deep pain and panniculus reflexes. s, After being evaluated, animals underwent surgical spinal cord decompression and to a 1x106 stem cells injection in three different sites of the spinal cord. After the procedure, dogs were referred to physiotherapy for three months, undergoing to a variety of rehabilitation exercises in order to improve cell therapy hypothetical benefic effect. During therapy, animals were filmed in order to monitor their evolution, and after the end of physiotherapy they were re-evaluated by physiotherapists. At the end of the experiment, 7 animals were operated and had resulted in an increase of reflex motion in 6 of them. The only animal that showed no such improvement was the one whos had other pathology associated with the spinal cord compression, these results lead us to believe in a beneficial action of cell therapy in dogs with chronic spinal cord injury and suggests continue recruiting animas with the aim of improving the techniques used to achieve better results.

O traçado eletrocardiográfico, observado durante a anestesia geral, pode diferir morfologicamente do traçado pré-anestésico. O que não se conhece é o grau de influência que os fármacos anestésicos exercem sobre o registro eletrocardiográfico de um cão geriátrico submetido à anestesia geral e a que ponto estas alterações eletrocardiográficas interferem em sua hemodinâmica. Avaliou-se oitenta e dois cães geriátricos (categoria de risco I ou II) foram distribuídos em três grupos: grupo I, cães de pequeno porte (até 10 kg, n=36); grupo II, cães de médio porte (11 a 25 kg, n=27), e grupo III, cães de grande porte (26 a 45 kg, n=19). Além da avaliação eletrocardiográfica, os exames pré-anestésicos constaram de hemograma completo, mensuração sérica de uréia, creatinina, proteína total e albumina; foram feitas mensurações séricas de potássio, cálcio, sódio e magnésio. A medicação pré-anestésica constou de acepromazina associada à morfina ou a meperidina ou somente morfina. A indução foi feita com propofol ou propofol associado ao midazolam, e a manutenção da anestesia realizada com isofluorano em oxigênio a 100%. Durante a anestesia, os cães foram monitorados continuamente com auxílio de um eletrocardiógrafo computadorizado que avaliou o ritmo cardíaco, a freqüência cardíaca, o intervalo PR, a largura e a morfologia do complexo QRS, o segmento ST, a morfologia, a amplitude e a polaridade da onda T. Avaliou-se também a pressão arterial sistólica, média e diastólica; a freqüência respiratória; a ventilação avaliada através da observação da concentração de dióxido de carbono expirado e dos valores de pressão parcial de dióxido de carbono no sangue arterial; a oxigenação, avaliada através da oximetria de pulso, da pressão parcial de oxigênio no sangue arterial e da saturação da oxi-hemoglobina arterial. Os animais foram submetidos à ventilação assistida ou à controlada quando observou-se hipoventilação e hipercapnia. Nos três grupos, o ritmo cardíaco mais freqüente foi o sinusal normal (88%). Observou-se taquicardia sinusal em alguns momentos do trans-operatório em 9% dos animais. Pouco freqüente, mas com importância hemodinâmica, observou-se bradicardia sinusal (3%) associada à hipotensão. Assim, neste estudo o isofluorano não proporcionou o aparecimento de arritmias e promoveu estabilização hemodinâmica dos animais. Observou-se aumento não significante do intervalo PR que do ponto de vista biológico deve ser considerado importante, visto que aproximadamente 11% dos animais que apresentavam intervalo PR normal com ritmo sinusal , evoluíram para bloqueio atrioventricular de primeiro grau. Observou-se bloqueio atrioventricular de primeiro grau em 2% dos animais no eletrocardiograma pré-anestésico, e 1% evoluiu com bloqueio atrioventricular de 2o grau Mobitz tipo I. As alterações no segmento ST e onda T durante o período trans-anestésico, foram muito freqüentes e relacionadas principalmente a hipoventilação. / The electrocardiogram observed during the general anesthesia, can differ from the morfology of the preanesthetic record. It is unknown the influence of the anesthetic drugs in the electrocardiographic record of a elderly dog during general anesthesia, and if electrocardiographic disturbances interfere in their hemodynamic. Eighty two geriatrics dogs (risk category I or II) were evaluated and distributed in three groups: group I, small-size breeds (less than 10 kg, n=36); group II, medium-size breeds (11 to 25 kg, n=27), and group III, large-size breeds (26 to 45 kg, n=19). Beyond electrocardiographic evaluation, the preanesthetic profile consisted in packed cell volume, seric measurement of urea, creatinine, total protein and albumin; the eletrolytes (potassium, calcium, sodium and magnesium). The preanesthetic medication consisted in acepromazine with morphine or meperidine or only morphine. Anesthesia was induced with propofol or propofol with midazolam and maintained with isoflurane in 100% oxygen. During the anesthesia, the animals were monitoried with a continued computadorized electrocardiogram, recording rhythm, heart rate, P-R interval, QRS complex, ST segment and T wave. The systemic blood pressure (systolic, mean and dyastolic), the respiratory rate, the end-tidal carbon dioxide, partial pressure of arterial CO2, the arterial oxygen saturation, the partial pressure of arterial oxygen and oxygen saturation of hemoglobin were evaluated continuously. The animals were submitted to assisted or controled ventilation when hypoventilation and hypercapnia were observed. In the three groups, the normal sinus rhythm was more common (88%). Sinus tachycardia was observed in 9% of the animals. Sinus bradycardia and a decrease in the systemic blood pressure was observed in 3% of the animals. In view of the results obtained it is possible to conclude that, the isoflurane didn\'t provide the observation of arrhythmias and it gave hemodynamic stability. The prolonged P-R interval was observed although of no statistical significance. However it is important, because 11% of the animals that have prolonged P-R interval, developed first degree atrioventricularricular block. First degree AV block was observed in 2% of the animals in the preanesthetic electocardiogram, and 1% developed second degree AV block Mobitz I during the anesthesia. The changes of ST segment and T wave during the anesthetic proceeding was too common and it was related to hipoventilation.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi o estudo artroscópico das articulações do ombro e do joelho no cão. Durante o exame artroscópico avaliou-se possibilidade de visibilização das estruturas intra-articulares, facilidades e dificuldades inerentes à técnica e complicações. Fez-se análise citológica de líquido sinovial e histopatológica de membrana sinovial da articulação do joelho. Realizou-se a artroscopia em 10 articulações (9 cães) do ombro portadoras de osteocondrite dissecante e em 53 articulações (50 cães) do joelho, as quais apresentaram ruptura de ligamento cruzado cranial total ou parcial associada ou não a lesão de menisco medial ou lateral e luxação medial de patela. Na articulação do ombro as complicações consistiram na dificuldade de confecção dos portais artroscópico e instrumental pela técnica de triangulação, lesão iatrogênica de cartilagem, deslocamento prematuro do artroscópio e acúmulo de fluído nos tecidos moles periarticulares. As estruturas observadas foram sulco intertubercular, tubérculo supraglenoidal, tendão do M. bíceps braquial, cartilagem da cabeça do úmero (cranial e caudal) e da cavidade glenoidal, ligamento glenoumeral medial, bolsa articular caudal e sinóvia. As lesões de cartilagem observadas durante estudo artroscópico destas articulações foram condromalácea, erosão, eburnação e fibrilação na cabeça do úmero e erosão na cavidade glenoidal, além de retalho de cartilagem livre (próximo ao defeito na cabeça do úmero, na bolsa articular caudal, próximo ao tendão do M. bíceps braquial e na porção medial da articulação) ou fixo junto ao defeito na cabeça do úmero. Em um animal o retalho de cartilagem foi removido via artroscopia e nos demais através de artrotomia. Durante exame artroscópico da articulação do joelho observou-se região suprapatelar, patela, tróclea, côndilo lateral e medial do fêmur, côndilo lateral e medial da tíbia, menisco lateral e medial, tendão do M. extensor digital longo, ligamento cruzado cranial e caudal, ligamento intermeniscal, ligamento mucoso e sinóvia. Complicações consistiram principalmente de infiltração de tecidos moles periarticulares e obstrução do campo de visão pelo coxim adiposo infrapatelar. Diferenças entre o diagnóstico artroscópico e a confirmação após artrotomia concentraram-se na diferenciação entre ruptura completa e parcial do ligamento cruzado cranial (n=3) e afecção de menisco (n=6). A artroscopia trouxe informações sobre a membrana sinovial, alteração em menisco lateral e ligamento cruzado caudal não perceptível durante artrotomia. O estudo citológico denotou processo não inflamatório na maioria das articulações estudadas. Em análise histopatológica obteve-se processo inflamatório crônico, agudo e uma articulação com sinovite linfocitica plasmocitica. A artroscopia é uma técnica endoscópica que demanda intenso treinamento para a sua realização; e, permite um exame rico em minúcias que traz informações significativas que poderão ajudar a elucidar as afecções articulares que acometem a espécie canina. / The aim of this approach is shoulder and knee arthroscopic study in the dog. During the arthroscopic exam it was analyzed the possibility to see the structures into the joint; facilities and difficulties concerning the technique and its complications. Cytological synovial fluid and histopathological synovial membrane studies of the knee joint were performed. The arthroscopy was carried out in ten shoulder joints (nine dogs) which had osteochondritis dissecans and in fifty-three knee joints (fifty dogs), which had complete or partial cranial cruciate ligament rupture associated or not with medial or lateral meniscal damage and medial patella luxation. In the shoulder joint the complications consisted of the difficulty in doing the arthroscopic and instrumental portal using the triangulation technique, iatrogenic lesion, premature removal of the arthroscopy and periarticular infiltration. The observed structures were intertubercular groo, supraglenoid tubercle, tendon of biceps brachii muscle, cartilage of the humeral head (cranial and caudal) and glenoid cavity, medial glenohumeral ligament, caudomedial gutter and synovium. The lesions of the articular cartilage observed during the exam in the shoulder joint were chondromalacia, erosion, eburnation, fibrillation in the humeral head and erosion of the glenoidal cavity besides joint mice (near the defect on the humeral head, on the caudomedial gutter, near the tendon of biceps brachii muscle and in the medial gutter) and flap in the caudomedial humeral head. In one animal the flap was removed by arthroscopy while in the others it was removed by arthrotomy. During the arthroscopic exam of the knee joint it was remarked suprapatellar joint pouch, patella, trochlea, lateral and medial femoral condyle, lateral and medial tibial condyle, lateral and medial meniscus, tendon of long digital extensor muscle, cranial and caudal cruciate ligament, intermeniscal ligament and synovium. The main complications consisted of periarticular infiltration and obstruction of the field of vision by the infrapatellar fat pad. The differences between the diagnostic after arthroscopy and confirmation by arthrotomy were the differentiation between complete and partial rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (n=3) and meniscal lesion (n=6). The arthroscopy exam provides information about lateral meniscal and caudal cruciate ligament lesion which are not noticeable by arthrotomy. The cytological study showed no-inflammatory process in most of the joints. In the histopathological analysis the results were chronic and acute inflammatory process and one joint having plasmacytic lymphocytic synovitis. The arthroscopy is an endoscopic technique that requires continuous training to be achieved and gives a detailed exam with significant information which could help to explain a lot of diseases in joints of the canine species.

o cão GRMD (Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy) é um excelente modelo de estudo sobre a ação da terapia celular para aplicação a DMD - Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne, que ocorre em humanos, devido à similaridade clínica entre ambos. Estas doenças têm em comum a herança recessiva ligada ao cromossomo X; e são causadas pela ausência de uma proteína chamada distrofina, a qual está presente no sarcolema das fibras musculares. O ponto da estrutura da mutação no gene da distrofina é responsável pelo fenótipo GRMD; e é possível encontrarmos indivíduos com características clínicas bem diferentes uns dos outros. Atualmente não existe um tratamento específico para a distrofia muscular de Duchenne; e os estudos sobre o desenvolvimento clínico e morfológico da distrofia muscular visam, através de avaliações constantes, estabelecer uma padronização fenotípica para estes animais com vistas a controlar resultados pré-clínicos adequadamente e assegurar-Ihes uma boa qualidade de vida; para que tenham condições de ser submetidos aos protocolos de terapia celular em desenvolvimento no canil GRMD Brasil; e, com isto, conhecer claramente a ação efetiva da terapia celular versus desenvolvimento morfológico desta doença degenerativa progressiva dos cães. Realizou-se o acompanhamento clínico e morfológico. de 12 cães GRMD, 06 fêmeas e 06 machos, do nascimento aos 12 meses de idade. Avaliando-se o aparelho locomotor, notou-se que entre a primeira (cinco meses de idade) e última avaliação (12 meses), houve uma piora com evolução significativa na assimetria postural, aumento do ângulo do tarso e carpo, adução dos membros, dissociação da cintura pélvica, além de alterações na mobilidade ativa dos joelhos durante a atividade de marcha. A avaliação andrológica dos cães distróficos indicou maiores taxas de anormalidade espermática (defeitos maiores e menores) comparada à de cães normais aos 12 meses de idade; ao passo que as fêmeas manifestaram maturidade sexual aos 09 meses. O acompanhamento hematológico mensal mostrou valores próximos do ideal para cães saudáveis, sendo que os exames realizados com os animais entre seis e doze meses de idade foram aqueles que indicaram maiores alterações em relação aos valores de referência para a espécie. Concentrações médias para hemácias, hemoglobina e hematócrito foram menores que a média para esta faixa etária. Quanto às avaliações bioquímicas séricas, CK é uma ferramenta importante para diagnóstico e acompanhamento da distrofia muscular em cães, devido às suas oscilações e aumentos indiscutíveis em indivíduos doentes. AL T e AST também demonstraram aumentos muito acima dos valores normais durante todas as faixas etárias avaliadas. Finalmente, os parâmetros cardíacos avaliados nos cães distróficos foram significantemente diferentes comparados àqueles encontrados em cães sadios normais, porém sem deficit à fisiologia cardíaca nos GRMOs / The dog GRMD (Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy) is an excellent model to study the action of cell therapy for application to DMD - from Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, which occurs in humans; clinic due to the similarity between the two. These diseases have in common the legacy recessive linked to chromosome X, and are caused by the absence of a protein called dystrophin, which is present in sarcolema of muscle fibers. The point of the structure of mutation in the dystrophin gene is responsible for the phenotype GRMD, and you can find individuais with c1inical features quite different from each other. Currently there is no specific treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and the studies on the c1inical development of muscular dystrophy and morphological aim, through constant assessments, establish a standardized phenotypic for these animais in order to monitor pre-clinical results properly and maintain a good quality of life for them so that they have conditions to be submitted to the protocols of cell therapy being developed as kennel GRMD Brazil, and with it, knowing clearly the effective action of cell therapy versus the morphological development of this progressive degenerative disease of dogs. It was checked the c1inical and morphological of 12 dogs GRMD, 06 females and 06 males, from birth to 12 months of age. Judging by the locomotive system, it was noted that among the first (five months old) and last assessment (12 months), there was a worsening trend with significant asymmetry in posture, increasing the angle of the tarsus and carpus, adduction of the members, decoupling of the pelvic belt, as well as changes in the mobility of active knees during the activity running. Reproductive assessment of dystrophic dogs indicated higher rates of abnormal sperm (defects larger and smaller) compared to normal dogs at 12 months of age, while females expressed sexual maturity to 09 months. The monthly blood monitoring showed values close to ideal for healthy dogs, and the examinations performed with the animais between six and twelve months of age were those who indicated major changes in relation to the baseline for the species. Average concentrations for red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit were lower than the average for this age group. As for serum biochemical assessments, CK is an important tool for diagnosis and monitoring muscular dystrophy in dogs, due to its indisputable fluctuations and increases in individuais patients. AL T and AST also showed increases greatly above the normal values for ali ages evaluated. Finally, the cardiac parameters measured in dystrophics dogs were significantly different compared to those found in normal healthy dogs, but without the deficit in cardiac physiology GRMDs