The photosensitized processes significantly enhance photolysis of various chemicals in the aqueous system with dissolved organic matter (DOM) as sensitizer. The excitation of chromophores on the DOM molecule further generates reactive species as triplet states DOM, singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radical, carbonate radical etc. We investigated the photosensitization properties of Beaufort Fulvic Acid, Suwannee River Fulvic Acid, South Platte River Fulvic Acid, and Jeddah wastewater treatment plant effluent organic matter with a sunlight simulator. DOM photochemical properties were characterized by observing their performances in 3DOM*, singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radical production with indirect probing protocols. Sensitized degradation of 0.1 μM and 0.02 μM 2, 4, 6- Trimethylphenol exhibited higher pseudo-first-order rate constant than that of 10 μM. Pre-irradiated DOMs were found to be depressed in photochemical properties. Photolysis of 5 different contaminants: ibuprofen, bisphenol A, acetaminophen, cimetidine, and caffeine were found to be enhanced in the presence of sensitizers. The possible reaction pathways were revealed. Long time irradiance induced change in contaminants degradation kinetics in some DOM solutions, which was proposed to be due to the irradiation initiated indirect transformation of DOMs. Key Words: Photolysis Dissolved Organic Matter, Triplet State DOM, Singlet Oxygen, Hydroxyl Radical, Contaminants Degradation.

This work deals with the automation of a web browser - the tools that allow programmatic control of the program for browsing the web pages. First, it discusses the existing solutions with focus on the tools from the Selenium Suite family and PhantomJS. Further, the internal representation of the web pages in the Gecko and WebKit browser engines is discussed. The work then focuses on the web browser application interface available for client-side scripting. The relevant standards are discussed as well. The core part of the thesis is dedicated to the design and implementation of a tool that allows to control a browser using the Selenium WebDriver tool and to extract data about the targert web page. The work presents an internal architecture, configuration files and the application interface of the designed tool. The topic of extracting detailed data about the page and its transformation to a unified structured description is covered as well. Finally, the performed unit tests and tests on real web pages are described.

Master thesis contains project documentation of low-energy multifunctional house with a full basement, three floors and finished with a flat roof. It is a detached house situated in a residential building area in capital city of Slovakia - Bratislava, district Podunajské Biskupice. The basement walls and columns are made of reinforced concrete. The basement is used as a garage with twenty-two parking spaces for flats owners and there is also placed a workshop room. Above-ground floors are designed as a reinforced concrete frame filled circumferentially with light-weight concrete blocks. Exterior cladding is covered by heat insulation. The interior vertical, non-load-bearing walls are made of plasterboard. On the ground floor are two shops and a restaurant with a terrace. There are eleven flats on the other two floors. On the second floor are seven double-bedroom flats with an open plan kitchen lounge area, four of them have a balcony. On the third floor are four flats with a terrace, three of them are two double bedroom flats with an open plan kitchen lounge area, and the fourth one is a one double bedroom flat with open plan kitchen lounge area. The entrance for shops and main entrance for flats are on the north-west side. The entrance for the restaurant is on the north-east side.

This thesis contains description of Visual Segmentation Algorithm, which is used for dividing web page to blocks. The purpose of this segmentation is to assign functional blocks to the visual blocks. It is possible to create a data model in the system, which is part of the definition of the functional blocks. The project also contains a generator of web applications, where the design is made by user interface layer. The generated application is extendable and reusable for next development.

In natural ecosystems, like deciduous and coniferous forests, soil CO2 flux or soil respiration is highly variable and influenced by multiple factors including temperature, precipitation, dissolved soil organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic matter (DOM), and bacterial and fungal biomass and diversity. However, as the human population continues to grow rapidly, so too do urbanized landscapes with unknown consequences to soil respiration. To determine the extent urbanization influences seasonal shifts in microorganisms and environmental drivers alter soil respiration, we evaluated bacterial and fungal communities, soil physiochemical characteristics, and respiration in forested and urbanizing ecosystems in three watersheds across northern Utah, USA. Based on the next-generation sequencing of the 16s DNA and RNA, we found that montane bacteria were predominantly structured by season while urban bacteria were influenced by degree of urbanization. There was no apparent effect of season on montane fungi, but urban fungal communities followed patterns similar to urban bacterial communities. Bacterial diversity was sensitive to seasonality, especially in montane ecosystems, declining 21-34% from spring to summer and staying relatively low into fall, and fungal diversity was generally depressed in spring. Urban bacterial communities were differentiated by substantially more bacterial taxa with 62 unique OTUs within families structing phylogenetic differences compared with only 18 taxa differentiating montane communities. Similar to bacteria and fungi, DOC and ammonium concentrations fluctuated predominantly by season while these same parameters where highly variable among urban soils among the three watersheds. Structural components of DOM via parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) of fluorescence excitation-emission matrices show varying patterns between montane and urban systems with humic substance resistance to biodegradability found more dominantly in montane systems. Incorporating all soil chemical parameters, daily temperature and moisture, and fungal and bacterial diversity and richness in mixed linear effects models describing daily CO2 over all seasons, we found that a single model best described montane soil respiration, while individual watershed models best described urban respiration. Montane respiration was related to the availability of DOC, different DOM components, and rRNA-based bacterial diversity . Alternatively, urban respiration was influenced by either bacterial diversity and richness in our rapidly urbanizing environment, DOM characteristics and soil O2 in the more agricultural urban soils, or the DOM parameter humification index (HIX) in highly urbanized soils. Our results suggest that urbanization creates distinct bacterial and fungal communities with a single soil biotic or chemical parameter structuring soil respiration, while montane ecosystems select for similar bacterial and fungal communities with respiration sensitive to fluctuations in soil moisture, bacteria and the recalcitrance of carbon (C) resources.

I tvistemål ska domstolen upprätta en sammanställning över parternas talan. Arbe­tet med sammanställningen är tänkt att underlätta klargörandet av parternas ta­lan, i syfte att få en klar och korrekt bild av tvisteläget i ett tidigt skede av pro­ces­sen. Under de intervjuer som jag höll i början av uppsatsarbetet framkom emel­ler­tid att en uppfattning bland ombud som arbetar med kommersiella tviste­mål är att sammanställningar även används för andra ändamål än som ett verktyg vid för­be­redelsen. Ombuden berättade att domstolar ibland låter en samman­ställ­ning fun­gera som avgörande eller betydelsefullt beslutsunderlag vid bedöm­ningen av om en omständighet har åberopats tidigare under målets handläggning, antingen vid en tillämpning av preklusionsreglerna eller vid prövning av över­klaganden i högre instans.  I uppsatsen utreder jag vilken betydelse sammanställningen har vid en pre­klusions­bedömning och vid avgörandet av saken, samt hur arbetet med samman­ställningen under förberedelsen ska gå till. Uppsatsen inleds med en genom­gång av vissa grundläggande element vid förberedelsen i tvistemål, följt av en diskuss­ion om vad en sammanställning bör innehålla, vem som ska upprätta den och när den ska upprättas. Den mest omfångsrika delen av uppsatsen rör samman­ställning­ens betydelse vid en preklusionsbedömning. Centralt i denna del är undersök­ningen av vilket material som domstolen ska använda för att bedöma om en om­ständighet är ny i målet. Därefter analyseras vilken roll sammanställningen kan och bör ha när domstolen ska avgöra saken genom dom, samt vilka möjligheter en domstol har att, utan lagstöd, fatta ett processuellt beslut om att låta samman­ställ­ningen fungera som beslutsunderlag när det ska avgöras om en omständighet är ny. Utredningen avslutas med en jämförelse av hur reciten i skiljeförfarande används i skiljemål och vilken betydelse den tillmäts. Slutsatsen är sammantaget att en sammanställning inte kan anses ha någon annan betydelse än som ett verktyg under förberedelsen. Det är en domare, före­trädesvis referenten, som ska upprätta sammanställningen. Sammanställningen kan med fördel innehålla även andra uppgifter än parternas yrkanden och grunder, till exempel uppgift om bevis och en bakgrundsbeskrivning av tvisten. Samman­ställningen ska upprättas successivt under förberedelsens gång och bör skickas ut till parterna i god tid före huvudförhandlingen. Det finns inget stöd i rättskäl­lorna för att sammanställningen kan användas som avgörande eller bety­delsefullt besluts­underlag vid nyhetsbedömningen när det är fråga om preklusion. Därutöver hindrar RB 17:2 att sammanställningen används som underlag för domen. Det är inte heller lämpligt att rätten utgår från den när avgörandet ska beslu­tas, eftersom målet kan ha förändrats under huvudförhandlingen. Min bedöm­ning är att det inte heller är möjligt för domstolen att fatta ett processuellt beslut om att låta samman­ställningen ersätta inlagorna vid en bedömning av om en omstän­dighet är ny. I skiljeförfarande har reciten däremot stor betydelse; den kan användas som underlag för skilje­domen. Med hänsyn till de skillnader som finns mellan skilje­förfarande och domstols­processen, och med hänsyn till att ändamålen bakom en recit i skilje­förfarande skiljer sig från ändamålen bakom sammanställ­ningen i all­män domstol, kan det dock inte anses vara möjligt för domare i allmän domstol att hämta väg­ledning från det skiljemannarättsliga området i frågan om sammanställ­ningens betydelse i allmän domstol. / In civil cases, the court is obligated to draw up a compilation of the parties’ respec­tive actions. The purpose with drawing up a compilation is to facilitate the clari­fi­cation of the parties’ actions, in order for the court to get a clear and correct view of the dispute at an early stage of the proceedings. However, when interviewing counsels working with commercial cases amenable to out-of-court settlement, it emerged that a perception among these persons is that compilations are also used for other purposes than as an aid during the preparatory proceedings. The counsels’ stated that courts sometimes use compilations as a decisive or significant basis for decision making when deciding whether a circumstance has been invoked earlier in the proceedings, either when applying the rules of preclusion or when reviewing appeals.  In this thesis, I investigate what role a compilation has when deciding if a circum­stance shall be precluded and when deciding the case, as well as how the court’s work with the compilation should be performed. The thesis begins with a review of certain basic elements in the preparatory proceedings of civil cases, followed by a discussion regarding what a compilation should contain, who should draw it up and when it should be drawn up. The most extensive part of the thesis concerns what role the compilation has when the court is to decide if a circum­stance shall be precluded. Central to this part is the analysis regarding what mate­rial the court shall use when assessing whether a circumstance has been in­voked earlier in the proceedings. Thereafter follows an analysis concerning what role a compilation can, and should, have when the court is to decide the matter by judge­ment, and what the possibilities are for the court to, without support in legis­lation, make a decision with the meaning that the compilation should be used as decision basis when deciding whether a circumstance is new. The thesis is concluded with a comparison of how the recital is used in commercial arbitration and what role it plays in such proceedings.  The aggregative conclusion is that a compilation plays no other role than as a tool during the preparatory proceedings. It is a judge, preferably the reporting judge, who is to draw up the compilation. The compilation may advantageously also contain other information than the parties’ claims and cause of action, for example information about evidence that will be presented and a description of the dispute. The compilation shall be drawn up successively during the preparatory proceedings and should be sent out to the parties well before the main hearing. I find no support in the sources of law that allows for the compilation to be used as a decisive or significant basis for decision making when assessing if a circum­stance is new and therefore should be precluded. Moreover, chapter 17, section 2 of the Code of Judicial Procedure prevents the compilation from being used as a basis for the judgement. Neither is it appropriate for the court to proceed from the compilation when the matter is to be decided, as the case may have changed during the main hearing. My assessment is that it is not possible for the court to make a procedural decision to have the compilation replace the submissions when assessing whether a circumstance is new. In commercial arbitration, on the other hand, the recital is of great importance; it can be used as a basis for the arbitra­tion award. However, in view of the differences between arbitration and judi­cial proceedings, and in view of the fact that the purposes of a recital in com­mercial arbitration differ from the purposes with a compilation in judicial proceed­ings, it cannot be considered possible for a judge to obtain guidance from the field of arbitration in the matter of what role the compilation plays in a judicial proceed­ing.

This thesis describes the type of documents named Office Open XML, which are commonly known as OpenXML. Basic properties of these documents as well as their structure are explained. There is also an introduction to other technologies such as DOM and XHTML beacause of their inevitability in realization. Program library is designed to read these documents, build a DOM structure for them and export it as a XHTML file.

This work concentrates on the design and implementation of an automated support for data extraction from product descriptions. This system will be used for e-shop purposes. The work introduces present approaches to information extraction from HTML documents. It focuses chiefly at wrappers and methods for their induction. The visual approach to information extraction is also mentioned. System requirements and basic principles are described in the design part of the work. Next, a detailed description of a path tracing algorithm in document object model is explained. The last section of the work evaluates the results of experiments made with the implemented system.

The aim of my thesis is to create a model of information system for internet stores support. Together with creating this model I will also analyse the possible use of new technologies such as AJAX or communication with the help of XML. The final work will consist of two applications, where first is a catalogue of products (goods) and the second is an internet store. The main application will provide services for this store.

This master thesis is engaged in analyzing working desktop accessible from internet by web browser. It describes technologies required for building web interfaces such as DOM, document event model and AJAX. This master thesis contains also design of working desktop prototype. The desktop is implemented as web application based on client-server architecture. The client part of application represents web interface for managing document links placed on desktop. The desktop content is classified by panels and tabs. User can change link arrangement using drag & drop. Server part of application guarantees persistence of desktop configuration and making link offer. Working desktop prototype is implemented by Javascript library Dojo.